Enzymes

Front 1

Enzyme

Back 1

Protein catalysts that increase the rate of the chemical reactions of metabolism

Front 2

Active Site

Back 2

The region of the enzyme with which the substrate binds

Front 3

Substrate

Back 3

The compound being acted upon by the enzyme

Front 4

Enzymes and Activation Energy

Back 4

Reactions require activation energy to break chemical bonds and begin the reaction. The addition of enzymes to the reaction lowers the activation energy required

Front 5

Importance of Enzymes

Back 5

Without enzymes, metabolism would be too slow at body temperature and pH to produce sufficient energy to maintain life

Front 6

Four Variables

Back 6

1. pH
2. Temperature
3. Enzyme concentration
4. Substrate concentration

Front 7

Lock and Key Theory

Back 7

An enzyme will only bind to a substrate if its shape matches the shape of the activation site on the enzyme. The enzyme will either separate the substrate into multiple products or join multiple substrates into one product. The enzyme is not used up throughout these reactions

Front 8

Induced Fit Theory

Back 8

When the substrate reacts with the active site of the enzyme the shape is not exactly the same, though it is very close. Stress is created between the substrate and active site when the substrate stretches to better fit the enzyme. After this alteration less energy is required to break the chemical bond.