Engl 251 Up To Midterm

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Modernism

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originating in late 19th and early 20th century

used to express new sensibilities of the time

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Components of the form of modernism

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High formalism with low popular content

reflexive

anti-realist

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Anti-realism

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Attempt to capture sense of life itself

insistence on illusion

never document; allude

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Components of modernism in theme

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subjective POV or inward turn

nostalgia

alienation

"make it new"

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inward turn

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conformity to group consciousness

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alienation

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action through which or a state in which a person, group, or institution or society becomes alien to the products of its labor, nature to which it lives, to other human beings and to oneself

"always self alienation"

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Mikhail Bakhtin

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Russian philosopher who wrote "Discourse in the Novel"

described novel as radically inclusive

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Novelistic discourse

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forms conform themselves to language rather than language conforming itself to forms

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F. Scott Fitzgerald

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born in 1896

Gatsby reflects his life, and the affair between love and money

His works describe the conflict between American idealism and capitalist success

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George Santayana

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famous Hispanic philosopher who wrote "Materialism and Idealism in American life"

Said the American dream was a mix of materialism and idealism

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Components of American dream according to Santayana

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individual uniqueness

self-willed destiny

rags to riches

passionate devotion

quality v. quantity

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Year Great Gatsby was published

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1925

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Their Eyes were watching God

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published in 1937 by Zora Neale Hurston

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Zora Neale Hurston

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born in 1891 in Alabama

graduated from Boynard, studied under Franz Boas

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free-indirect discourse

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omniscient narrator takes on thoughts of a character

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method of representation in TE

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separates inside self and outside self

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Difference between Nanny and Janie

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Nannie is constrained by past and accepts it, patriarchial perspective, insignificance of pleasure

Janie is romantically imaginative, human perspective, pleasure on its own without doing something to deserve it

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property and speech in the novel

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speech becomes a place of collective property

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With increasing space, Janie...

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has decreasing space for herself because her housemate seeks to confine her

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Frame narrative

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main action is told second hand or indirectly through an enclosing frame story

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John Steinbeck

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made four trips to Central VAlley, stayed at Arvin Sanitary Camp, spent a week and dedicated novel to Tom, manager of the camp

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Why the "monster"?

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to highlight the problem as systemic and impersonal

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What is the rhetorical strategy of GW?

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hyperrealism; attention to detail

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Why is Jim Casy introduced through a song?

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superimposing a religious message on a secular song

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What was Marx arguing for?

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the consideration of labor and the value it provides to goods

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use value

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heterogeneous

what the object can provide to the person; particular to the good

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value

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only comes about in exchange

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exchange value

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homogeneous

strips goods of their particularity

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capitalism

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not selling in order to buy but buying in order to sell

to accumulate more money, not value

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Fetishism of the commodity

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the belief that things are social beings by being blind to the actual solid beings that produced them

social relations between things; material relations between people

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What is Steinbeck's alternative to the commodity fetish?

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the family

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Significance of Battle Hymn of the Republic title and reference in the book

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oppression is so extreme that only a godly power could bring justice

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What is the significance of Tom's statement "I'll be around in the dark"?

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part of the people

his spirit will show though humanity's action

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Ralph Ellison

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born in 1913, Tuskegee Institute, moved to NY and taken in by Richard Wright, wrote essays for communist supported journal then broke with the party, published IM in 1952

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purpose of the prologue

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references Weltschmertz, flamenco, and Louis Armstrong to show distinction between tragedy and comic, says culture is an integrator

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Golden Day

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ironic or not? could be taken both ways.