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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stimulation Testing
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1. In a the client with suspected underactivity of an endocrine gland, a stimulus may be provided to determine whether the gland is capable of normal hormone production
2. Measured amounts of selected hormones or substances are administered to stimulate the target gland to produce its hormone 3. Hormone levels produced by the target gland are measured 4. Failure of the hormone level to increase with stimulation indicates hypofunction |
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Suppression Testing
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1. Suppression tests are used when hormone levels are high or in the upper range of normal
2. Agents that normally induce a suppressed response are administered to determine whether normal negative feedback is intact 3. Failure of hormone production to be suppressed during standardized testing indicates hyperfunction |
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Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test
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1. This thyroid function test measures the absorption of the iodine isotope to determine how the thyroid gland is functioning
2. A small dose of radioactive iodine is given by mouth or intravenously (the amount of radioactivity is measured in 2-4hrs and again at 24 hrs) 3. Normal values are 3% - 10% at 2-4 hrs and 5% - 30%at 24 hrs 4. Elevated values = HYPERTHYROIDISM (decreased iodine intake, or increased iodine excretion) 5. Decreased values = low T4 level, the use of antithyroid medicaitons, thyroiditis, MYXEDEMA, or HYPOTHYROIDISM 6. The test is contraindicated in pregnancy |
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T3 & T4 Resin Uptake Test
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1. Blood tests are used to diagnose thyroid disorders
2. T3 &T4 regulate thyroid- stimulating hormone 3. NORMAL VALUES a. T3: 80 - 230 ng/dL b. T4: 5 - 12 mcg/dL c. Thyroxine, Free (FT4): 0.8 - 2.4 ng/dL 4. Elevated T3 = Hyperthyroidism (decreases with the aging process), (may be decresed in hypothyroidism) 5. Elevated T4 = Hyperthyroidism (decresed in hypothyroidism) |
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Thyroid Scan
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1. Performed to identify nodules or growths in the thyroid gland
2. A radioisotope of iodine or technetium is administered before scanning the thyroid gland 3. Reassure the pt. the level of radioactive medication is not dangerous 4. Determine if pt has received radiographic contrast agents within the past 3 months, could invalidate the scan 5. Pt. should discontinue medications with iodine 14 days before the test along with thyroid medications 6. Pt s/b NPO after midnight prior to scan 7. Scan is contraindicated in pregnancy |
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Needle Aspiration of Thyroid Tissue
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1. Done of cytological examination
2. No pt preparation needed 3. Light pressure is applied to the aspiration site after the procedure |
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Glucose Tolerance Test
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1. Aids in the diagnosis of DM
2. A 2 hr postload glucose level (2 hrs after injection or ingestion of glucose) higher than 200 mg/dL confirms diagnosis of DM 3. Many factors and alter the results = not always a reliable test |
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Patient Preparation for a Glucose Tolerance Test
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1. Eat a diet with at least 150g of carbohydrates for 3 days prior to test
2. Avoid alcohol, coffee, and smoking for 36 hrs prior to test 3. Fast for 10-12 hrs prior 4. Avoid strenuous exercise for 8 hrs before and after test 5. Withhold morning insulin or oral hypoglycemic medication 6. A initial sample is drawn, and then the pt is given a high glucose drink 7. Blood samples will be drawn at 30 minute intervals for a min of 2 hrs |
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Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1C
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1. HbA1C indicates how well blood glucose levels have been controlled for the prior 3 - 4 months
2. Values are expressed as a % of total hemoblobin 3. The GOAL FOR DM PTs = 7% or lower 4. The GOAL FOR PTs w/o DM = 4% - 6% 5. Fasting is not required |
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Glycosylated Serum Albumin (Fructosamine)
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1. Reflects average serum glucose levels over a period of 2 - 3 wks
2. More sensitive to recent changes than HbA1C value 3. Normal ranges a. Nondiabetic pt = 1.5 - 2.7 mmol/L b. Diabetic pt = 2.0 - 5.0 mmol/L |
