Endocrine

Front 1

System of glands that secrete hormones

Back 1

Endocrine system

Front 2

What’re the 3 types of hormones

Back 2

Peptide, steroids, and amino acids

Front 3

Made from large, precursor polypeptides from post-translational modifications

Back 3

Peptide hormones

Front 4

Peptides work by utilizing what kind of messenger system?

Back 4

Second messenger

Front 5

Function of peptide hormone?

Back 5

Bind to a receptor (1st messenger) to trigger the release of another hormone (2nd messenger)

Front 6

T/F: one hormone can bind many receptors before degradation?

Back 6

True

Front 7

Common 2nd nessengers

Back 7

cAMP, IP3, Ca2+

Front 8

Peptides hormones are great in short doses, but why?

Back 8

They take effect very rapidly and are easy to control, however, they degrade extremely fast.

Front 9

Are peptide hormones lipid soluble or water soluble?

Back 9

Water soluble; they can freely travel through blood without carriers

Front 10

What are steroids hormones derived from?

Back 10

Cholesterol

Front 11

Cholesterol is a

Back 11

Non polar molecule that can cross the plasma membrane

Front 12

Steroid hormones need a _______ black to carry them due to their __________.

Back 12

Protein; hydrophobicity

Front 13

Where are steroid hormones?

Back 13

Intracellular

Front 14

Which hormones can directly increase or decrease the transcription of certain genes?

Back 14

Steroid

Front 15

List the amino acid derived hormones

Back 15

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Thyroxine

Front 16

What receptors do catecholamines bind to?

Back 16

GPCR

Front 17

Where do thyroids hormones bind?

Back 17

Intracellularly

Front 18

Hormones that are secreted and act directly on target tissue

Back 18

Direct hormones

Front 19

Hormones that are secreted and act directly on target tissue

Back 19

Direct hormones

Front 20

Hormones that require an intermediate or other source to activate the hormone to be released

Back 20

Tropic hormone

Front 21

Example of tropic hormone

Back 21

GnRH—-> LH/FSH—-> estrogen/testosterone

Front 22

Organ in the brain that connects the nervous system and endocrine system

Back 22

Hypothalamus

Front 23

What organ does the hypothalamus control and how?

Back 23

The pituitary through paracrine release

Front 24

What organ does the hypothalamus control and how?

Back 24

The pituitary through paracrine release

Front 25

How are the hormones of the pituitary regulated?

Back 25

Negative feedback

Front 26

What organs hormones are rarely, if ever, found in the bloodstream?

Back 26

Hypothalamus

Front 27

What organs hormones are rarely, if ever, found in the bloodstream?

Back 27

Hypothalamus

Front 28

The anterior pituitary secretes components from the hypothalamus into

Back 28

The hypophyseal portal system

Front 29

Which hormone is dopamine an antagonist of?

Back 29

Prolactin

Front 30

Mnemonic for hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary

Back 30

FLAT PEG

Tropic vs Direct

Front 31

What hormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary?

Back 31

Oxytocin and ADH

Front 32

ADH is secreted in response to

Back 32

Higher solutes in the blood or low blood volume

Front 33

Growth factor grows bone and muscle. Which hormone works in a positive feed back loop to aid this

Back 33

Oxytocin

Front 34

Growth factor grows bone and muscle. Which hormone works in a positive feed back loop to aid this

Back 34

Oxytocin

Front 35

Thyroid secretes

Back 35

Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Front 36

Thyroid secretes which mineral?

Back 36

Increase calcium storage in bone; increase calcium excretion by the kidney; decrease calcium absorption by the gut

Front 37

Hypothyroidism is caused by

Back 37

Iodine deficiency

Front 38

Hypothyroidism is caused by

Back 38

Iodine deficiency

Front 39

Hyperthyroidism is caused by

Back 39

Excess iodine

Front 40

PTH is the antagonist of _________. PTH serves to decrease bone calcium and activate ___________, a derivative of vitamin D.

Back 40

Calcitonin; calcitriol

Front 41

Where is the adrenal glands found?

Back 41

Top of kidneys

Front 42

Aldosterone functions to

Back 42

Increase sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct

Front 43

Tyrosine derivatives are

Back 43

Thyroid (steroids that aren’t derived from cholesterol)

Catecholamines (peptides)