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1050 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alumium Hydroxide
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Type: Aluminium-containing antacid
Indications: Dyspepsia, hyperphosphataemia Dose: 1-2 tablets chewed QDS and bedtimes or PRN Brands: Alu-cap, Maalox, Mucogel |
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Magnesium Carbonate
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Type: Magnesium-containing antacid
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 10ml TDS in water Brands: Aromatic Magnesium Carbonate Mixture BP |
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Magnesium Trisilicate
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Type: Magnesium-containing antacid
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: - Tablets: 1-2 PRN - Liquid: 10ml TDS Brands: Magnesium Trisilicate Tablets compound BP, Magnesium Trisilicate mixture BP |
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Hydrotalcite
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Type: Aluminium-magnesium complex
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 10ml between meals and at bedtime (CHILD: 5ml between meals and at bedtime) Brands: Hydrotalcite |
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Acidex
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 10-20ml after meals and at bedtime (CHILD: 5-10ml after meals and at bedtime) |
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Gastrocote
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 5-15ml QDS (after meals and at bedtime) |
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Gaviscon Advance
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 5-10ml after meals and at bedtime (CHILD: 2.5-5ml after meals and at bedtime) |
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Gaviscon Infant
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: Look up |
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Peptac
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 10-20ml after meals and at bedtime |
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Rennie Duo
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 10ml after meals & 10ml PRN max 80ml daily |
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Topal
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Type: Alginate
Indications: Dyspepsia Dose: 1-3 tablets chewed QDS (CHILD: half adult dose) |
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Atropine Sulphate
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: Symptomatic relief of GI disorders characterised by smooth muscle spasm, cycloplegia, pre-medication Dose: 0.6-1.2mg ON |
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Dicycloverine Hydrochloride
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: Symptomatic relief of GI disorders characterised by smooth muscle spasm Dose: - Adult: 10-20mg TDS - Child: 10mg TDS - Infant: 5-10mg T-QDS before feeds Brands: Merbentyl, Kolanticon |
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Hyoscine
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: Symptomatic relief of GI disorders characterised by smooth muscle spasm, bowel colic, excessive repiratory secretions Dose: Look up Brands: Buscopan |
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Propantheline Bromide
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: Symptomatic relief of GI disorders characterised by smooth muscle spasm, urinary frequency, gustatory sweating Dose: 15mg TDS at least 1hr before meals & 30mg ON, max 120mg daily Brands: Pro-banthine |
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Alverine Citrate
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Type: Antispasmodic
Indications: GI disorders characterised by smooth muscle spasm Dose: 60-120mg 1-3 times daily Brands: Spasmonal |
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Mebeverine Hydrochloride
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Type: Antispasmodic
Indications: GI disorders characterised by smooth muscle spasm Dose: >10 years: 135-150mg TDS preferably 20 mins before meals Brands: Mebeverine Hydrochloride, Colofac, Colofac MR (200mg BD preferably 20 mins before meals) |
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Peppermint oil
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Type: Antispasmodic
Indications: Relief of abdominal colic and distension, particularly in IBS Brand doses: - Colpermin: >15 years: 0.2-0.4ml TDS - Mintec: >18 years: 0.2-0.4ml TDS |
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Cimetidine
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Type: H2-receptor antagonist
Indications: Benign gastric & duodenal ulcers, reflux oesophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: Mouth: 400mg BD (look up for other conditions) Brands: Tagamet |
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Famotidine
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Type: H2-receptor antagonist
Indications: Benign gastric & duodenal ulcers, reflux oesophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: ~40mg ON (Look up specific condition) Brands: Pepcid |
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Nizatidine
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Type: H2-receptor antagonist
Indications: Benign gastric, duodenal and NSAID-induced ulcers, reflux oesophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: 150mg BD for 4-8 weeks Brands: Axid |
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Ranitidine
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Type: H2-receptor antagonist
Indications: Benign gastric, duodenal and NSAID-induced ulcers, reflux oesophagitis, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Zantac |
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Tripotassium Dicitratobismuthate
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Type: Bismuth chelate
Indications: Benign gastric & duodenal ulceration Dose: 240mg BD or 120mg QDS Brands: De-Noltab |
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Sucralfate
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Type: Chelate complex
Indications: Benign & duodenal ulceration, prophylaxis of stress ulceration Dose: - Ulcers: 2g BD or 1g QDS - Prophylaxis: 1g six times daily Brands: Antepsin |
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Misoprostal
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Type: Prostaglandin Analogue
Indications: Benign gastric, duodenal & NSAID-induced ulceration Dose: - Ulcers: 800mcg 2-4 times daily - Prophylaxis: 200mcg 2-4 times daily Brands: Cytotec |
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Esomeprazole
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Type: Proton-pump inhibitor
Indications: H-pylori duodenal ulcers, NSAID-associated gastric ulcers, GORD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: 20mg OD (Look up under condition) Brands: Nexium |
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Lansoprazole
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Type: Proton-pump inhibitor
Indications: Benign & H-pylori duodenal ulcers, NSAID-associated gastric ulcers, GORD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: 30mg OM (Look up under condition) Brands: Zoton |
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Omeprazole
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Type: Proton-pump inhibitor
Indications: Benign & H-pylori duodenal ulcers, NSAID-associated gastric ulcers, GORD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: 20-40mg (Look up under condition) Brands: Losec |
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Pantoprazole
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Type: Proton-pump inhibitor
Indications: Benign gastric & duodenal ulcers, NSAID-associated gastric ulcers, GORD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: 40mg OD (Look up under condition) Brands: Protium |
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Rabeprazole
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Type: Proton-pump inhibitor
Indications: Benign gastric & duodenal ulcers, GORD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Dose: 20mg OM (Look up under condition) Brands: Pariet |
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Kaolin Light
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Type: Adsorbent
Indications: Diarrhoea Dose: 10-20ml 4 hourly |
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Codeine Phosphate
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Type: Analgesic, antimotility
Indications: Pain, cough suppression, diarrhoea Dose: 30mg 3-4 times daily |
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Co-Phenotrope
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Type: Anti-motility agent
Indications: rehydration in acute diarrhoea, control of faecal consistancy Dose: 4 x 2.5/0.025 followed by 2 x 2.5/0.025 every 6 hours until diarhoea controlled Brands: |
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Loperamide Hydrochloride
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Type: Anti-motility agent
Indications: acute diarrhoea, rehydration in acute diarrhoea, chronic diarrhoea in adults Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Imodium, Imodium plus |
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Balsalazine Sodium
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Type: Aminosalicylate
Indications: Mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and maintenance of remission Dose: - Acute: 2.25g TDS - Maintenance: 1.5g BD, adjusted according to response Brands: Colazide |
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Mesalzine
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Type: Aminosalicylate
Indications: Mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and maintenance of remission Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Asacol, Asacol MR, Ipocol, Mesren MR, Mezavant XL, Pentasa, Salofalk |
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Olsalazine Sodium
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Type: Aminosalicylate
Indications: Mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and maintenance of remission Dose: - Acute attack: 1g daily in divided doses after meals increased over 1 week to 3g daily if necessary - Maintenance: 500mg BD after meals Brands: Dipentum |
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Sulfasalazine
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Type: Aminosalicylate
Indications: Mild to moderate ulcerative colitis and maintenance of remission, active crohns disease, rheumatoid arthritis Dose: - By mouth: acute: 1-2g QDS until remission, reducing to maintenance dose of 500mg QDS - By rectum: 0.5-1g morning & night after a bowel movement Brands: Salazopyrin |
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Beclometasone Dipropionate
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Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: acute mild to moderate ulcerative colitis, asthma, allergic and vasomotor rhinitis, oral ulceration Dose: - Ulcerative colitis: 5mg OM for 4 weeks max Brands: Clipper |
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Budesonide
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Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: Mild to moderate crohns disease affecting the ileum or ascending colon, chronic diarrhoea due to collagenous colitis, ulcerative colitis affecting the sigmoid colon and rectum Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Budenfalk, Entocort |
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Hydrocortisone
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Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: Ulcerative colitis, proctitis, proctosigmoiditis Dose: - By rectum: 125mg O-BD for 2-3 weeks, then OD on alternate days Brands: Colifoam |
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Prednisolone
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Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease Dose: - By mouth: 20-40mg daily, reduce upon remission - By rectum: Look up under preparations Brands: Predenema, predfoam, predsol |
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Adalimumab
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Type: Cytokine modulator
Indications: IBD, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis Dose: - severe active crohn's: 80mg, then 40mg 2 weeks later or 160mg in 4 divided doses 1-2 days then 80mg 2 weeks after initial dose - maintenance: 40mg on alternate weeks, increased to 40mg weekly if necessary |
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Infliximab
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Type: Cytokine modulator
Indications: IBD, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis Dose: Look up |
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Sodium Cromoglicate
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Type: Cytokine modulator
Indications: Food allergy, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis Dose: 200mg QDS before meals, increase if necessary to 40mg/kg daily Brands: Nalcrom |
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Ispaghula Husk
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Type: Bulk-forming laxative
Indications: Constipation, post-operative management of GI surgery Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Fybogel, Fibrelief, Isogel, Ispagel Orange, Regulan |
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Methylcellulose
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Type: Bulk-forming laxative
Indications: Obesity, constipation, bran intolerance Dose: - constipation: 1.5-3g BD - obesity: 1.5g before food Brands: Celevac |
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Sterculia
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Type: Bulk-forming laxative
Indications: Constipation Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Normacol, Normacol Plus |
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Bisacodyl
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Type: Stimulant laxative
Indications: constipation, before radiological surgery Dose: - Constipation: 5-10mg ON by mouth or 10mg OM by rectum - Radiological procedures: 10-20mg by mouth, 5mg the following morning by rectum |
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Dantron
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Type: Stimulant laxative
Indications: Constipation in terminally ill patients Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Co-danthramer, co-danthrusate |
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Docusate Sodium
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Type: Stimulant laxative
Indications: constipation, abdominal radiological procedures Dose: Up to 500mg daily in divided doses Brands: Dioctyl, Docusol, Norgalax Micro-enema |
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Glycerol
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Type: Stimulant laxative
Indications: constipation Dose: 1 suppository |
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Senna
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Type: Stimulant laxative
Indications: constipation Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Manevac, Senokot |
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Sodium Picosulfate
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Type: Stimulant laxative
Indications: constipation, before abdominal radiological procedures Dose: 5-10mg ON Brands: Dulco-lax |
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Arachis Oil
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Type: Faecal Softener
Indications: Faecal impaction Dose: 130ml as an enema Brands: Fletcher' Arachis Oil Retention Enema |
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Lactulose
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Type: Osmotic laxative
Indications: constipation, hepatic encepalopathy Dose: 15ml BD adjusting according to need |
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Macrogols
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Type: Osmotic laxatives
Indications: constipation, faecal impaction Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Idrolax, Movicol, Movicol-Half, Movicol Paediatric Plain |
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Magnesium Salts
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Type: Osmotic laxatives
Indications: constipation, rapid bowel evacuation Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Magnesium hydroxide mixture BP, Liquid Paraffin and Magnesium hydroxide oral emulsion BP, Magnesium Sulphate |
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Rectal Phosphates
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Type: Osmotic laxatives
Indications: constipation, bowel evacuation before procedures Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Carbalax, Fleet Ready-to-use enema, Fletcher's Phosphate enema |
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Rectal Sodium Citrate
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Type: Osmotic laxative
Indications: constipation Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Microlette Micro-enema, Micralax Micro-enema, Relaxit Micro-enema |
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Ursodeoxycholic acid
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Type: Drugs affecting biliary composition & flow
Indications: gallstones, primary biliary cirrhosis Dose: - gallstone dissolution: 8-12mg/kg daily ON or BD - cirrhosis: 10-15mg/kg daily in 2-4 divided doses Brands: Destolit, Urdox, Ursofalk, Ursogal |
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Colestyramine
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Type: Bile acid sequestrant
Indications: pruritus associated with partial biliary obstruction/cirrhosis, diarrheoa associated with duodenal conditions/surgery Dose: - Lipid disorders: 4g daily increased by 4g weekly to 12-24g daily in 1-4 divided doses - pruritis: 4-8g daily - diarrheoa: 4g daily initially increased by 4g weekly to 12-24g daily in 1-4 divided doses Brands: |
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Pancreatin
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Type: Exocrine supplement
Indications: reduced exocrine secretion following pancreatectomy e.t.c. Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Creon 10000, Creon Micro, Nutrizym 10, Pancrex, Pancrex V, Higher strength: Creon 25000, Creon 40000, Nutrizym 22, Pancrease HL |
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Digoxin
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Type: Cardiac glycoside
Indications: heart failure, SVAs and atrial flutter Dose: - Rapid digitisation: 1-1.5mg over 24 hours in divided doses - Maintenance: 62.5-500mcg daily in divided doses - Emergency loading dose: 0.75-1mg over at least 2 hours Brands: Lanoxin, Lanoxin-PG |
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Digitoxin
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Type: Cardiac glycoside
Indications: heart failure, SVAs Dose: 100mcg daily or on alternate days, increase to 200mcg if necessary Brands: |
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Enoximone
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Type: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Indications: congestive heart failure where cardiac output reduced & filling pressure increased Dose: Look up Brands: Perfan |
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Milrinone
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Type: Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
Indications: short-term treatment of severe congestive heart failure unresponisve to conventional maintenance therapy, acute heart failure, following heart surgery Dose: Look up Brands: Primacor |
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Bendroflumethiazide
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Type: Thiazide
Indications: oedema, hypertension Dose: - oedema: 5-10mg OM or on alternate days, maintenance 1-3 times a week - hypertension: 2.5mg OM |
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Chlortalidone
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Type: Thiazide-related diuretic
Indications: ascites due to cirrhosis in stable patients, oedema due to nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, mild to moderate heart failure, diabetes insipidus Dose: - Oedema: up to 50mg OD - Hypertension: 25mg daily OM, increase to 50mg if necessary - Heart failure: 20mg OM, increase to 100-200mg daily Brands: Hygroton |
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Cyclopenthiazide
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Type: Thiazide
Indications: oedema, hypertension, heart failure Dose: - heart failure: 250-500mcg OM, increase to 1mg daily if necessary - oedema: up to 500mcg daily - hypertension: 250mcg OM, increase to 500mcg if necessary Brands: Navidrex |
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Indapamide
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Type: Thiazide-related diuretic
Indications: essential hypertension Dose: 2.5mg OM Brands: Natrilix, Natrilix SR |
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Metolazone
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Type: Thiazide-related diuretic
Indications: oedema, hypertension Dose: - oedema: 5-10mg OM, increase to 20mg if necessary - hypertension: 5mg OM then on alternate days Brands: Metenix 5 |
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Xipamide
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Type: Thiazide-related diuretic
Indications: oedema, hypertension Dose: - oedema: 40mg OM, 80mg in resistant cases, 20mg maintenance - hypertension: 20mg OM Brands: Diurexan |
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Furosemide
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Type: Loop diuretic
Indications: oedema, oliguria in chronic renal impairment Dose: Look up Brands: Lasix |
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Bumetanide
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Type: Loop diuretic
Indications: oedema Dose: Look up Brands: Burinex |
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Torasemide
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Type: Loop diuretic
Indications: oedema, hypertension Dose: - oedema: 5mg OM, increased as required to 20mg OM - hypertension: 2.5mg OM, increased as required to 5mg OM Brands: Torem |
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Amiloride
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Type: Potassium-sparing diuretic
Indications: oedema, potassium conversion with thiazide and loop diuretics Dose: - alone: 10mg OM or 5mg BD - with other diuretics: 5-10mg OM |
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Triamterene
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Type: Potassium-sparing diuretic
Indications: oedema, potassium conversion with thiazide and loop diuretics Dose: initially 150-250mg daily, reducing to alternate days after a week Brands: Dytac |
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Eplerenone
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Type: Aldosterone antagonist
Indications: LV dysfunction with evidence of heart failure, following MI Dose: 25mg OD increased with 4 weeks to 50mg OD Brands: Inspra |
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Spironolactone
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Type: Aldosterone antagonist
Indications: oedema & ascitis in cirrhosis of the liver, malignant ascitis, nephorotic syndrome, congestive heart failure, primary hyperaldosteronism Dose: 100-200mg daily, increased to 400mg if required Brands: Aldactone |
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Mannitol
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Type: Osmotic diuretic
Indications: cerebral oedema, glaucoma Dose: Look up under condition |
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Adenosine
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: rapid reversion to sinus rhythm of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias Dose: IV injection into central or large peripheral vein, 3mg over 2 seconds, if necessary followed by 6mg after 1-2 mins, then 12mg after another 1-2 mins Brands: Adenocor |
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Amiodarone
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias Dose: - By mouth: 200mg TDS for 1 week reduced to 200mg BD for a further week, maintenance 200mg daily - IV infusion: 5mg/kg over 20-120 mins Brands: Cordarone X |
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Disopyramide
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: ventricular arrhythmias, after MI, supraventricular arrhythmias Dose: - By mouth: 300-800mg daily in divided doses - By slow IV injection: Look up Brands: Rythmodan, Rhythodan retard |
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Flecainide
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: Tachycardia, arrhythmias Dose: Look up under route Brands: Tambocor |
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Procainamide Hydrochloride
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: ventricular arrhythmias, especially after an MI, atrial tachycardia Dose: Look up under route Brands: Pronestyl |
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Lidocaine Hydrochloride
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: ventricular arrhythmias, especially after an MI Dose: Look up under dose Brands: Minijet Lignocaine |
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Mexiletine Hydrochloride
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Type: Anti-arrhythmic
Indications: life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias Dose: - By mouth: 400mg followed after 2 hours by 200-250mg 3-4 times daily - By IV injection: 100-250mg at 25mg/min followed by an infusion of 250mg over 1hr, then 125mg/hr for 2 hrs then 500mcg/min Brands: Mexitil |
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Propranolol Hydrochloride
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension, phaeochromocytoma, angina, arrhythmias, anxiety, prophylaxis after MI, migraine prophylaxis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Inderal, Half-Inderal LA, Inderal LA |
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Acebutolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: Hypertension, angina, arrhythmias Dose: - Hypertension: 400mg OD or 200mg BD increased to 400mg BD after 2 weeks if necessary - Angina: 400mg OD or 200mg BD - Arrhythmias: 0.4-1.2g daily in 2-3 divided doses Brands: Sectral |
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Atenolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: Hypertension, angina, arrhythmias Dose: - Hypertension: 25-50mg OD - Angina: 100mg daily in 1-2 doses - Arrhythmias: 50-100mg daily Brands: Tenormin |
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Bisoprolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension, angina, mild to moderate heart failure Dose: - Hypertension & heart failure: 10mg OD - Heart failure: 1.25mg OD increasing weekly if tolerated up to 10mg Brands: Cardicor, Emcor |
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Carvedilol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension, angina, chronic heart failure Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Eucardic |
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Celiprolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: mild to moderate hypertension Dose: 200mg OM, increased to 400mg OM if necessary Brands: Celectol |
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Esmolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: supraventricular arrhymias, tachycardia, hypertension in the peri-operative period Dose: IV infusion: 50-2000mcg/kg/min Brands: Brevibloc |
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Labetalol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension and hypertensive crisis Dose: Look up under route Brands: Trandate |
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Metoprolol Tartrate
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, migraine prophylaxis, hyperthyroidism Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Betaloc, Betaloc SA, Lopresor, Lopresor SR |
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Nadolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, migraine prophylaxis, thyrotoxicosis Dose: Corgard Brands: |
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Nebivolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: essential hypertension, stable mild to moderate heart failure in patients >70 Dose: - Hypertension: 5mg OD (2.5mg OD in elderly) - Heart failure: 1.25mg daily then increased slowly at 1-2 week interval up to 10mg daily Brands: Nebilet |
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Oxprenolol Hydrochloride
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: Hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, anxiety symptoms Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Trasicor, Slow-Trasicor |
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Pindolol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: hypertension, angina Dose: - Hypertension: 5mg 2-3 times daily or 15mg OD increased as required upt o 15-30mg daily - Angina: 2.5-5mg up to TDS Brands: Visken |
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Sotalol
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: arrhymias Dose: Look up under route Brands: Beta-Cardone, Sotacor |
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Timolol Maleate
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Type: Beta blocker
Indications: Hypertension, Angina, Prophylaxis after an MI, Migraine prophylaxis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Betim |
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Bosentan
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: pulmonary arterial hypertension, systemic schlerosis with ongoing digital ulcer disease Dose: - Hypertension: 62.5mg BD increased after 4 weeks to 125mg BD - Systemic schlerosis with ongoing digital ulcer disease: 62.5mg BD increased after 4 weeks to 125mg BD Brands: Tracleer |
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Hydralazine Hydrochloride
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: moderate to severe hypertension, heart failure, hypertensive crisis Dose: Look up under route Brands: Apresoline |
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Iloprost
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: Primary pulmonary hypertension Dose: inhale 2.5mcg 1st dose then 5mcg 2nd dose, then 2.5-5mcg 6-9 times a day as tolerated Brands: Ventavis |
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Minoxidil
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: severe hypertension Dose: 5mg daily in 1-2 doses, increased by 5-10mg every 3 or more days, max 100mg daily Brands: Loniten |
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Sildenafil
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: pulmonary arterial hypertension, erectile dysfunction Dose: 20mg TDS Brands: Revatio, Viagra |
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Sitaxentan Sodium
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: Pulmonary arterial hypertension Dose: 100mg OD Brands: Thelin |
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Sodium Nitroprusside
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Type: Vasodilator
Indications: hypertensive crisis, controlled hypertnesion in anaesthesia, acute or chronic heart failure Dose: Look up under condition |
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Clonidine Hydrochloride
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Type: Centrally acting antihypertensive
Indications: hypertension, migraine, menopausal flushing Dose: - By mouth: 50-100mcg TDS increased every 1-2 days, max 1.2mg daily - Slow IV injection: 150-300mcg Brands: Catapres, Dixarit |
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Methyldopa
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Type: Centrally acting antihypertensive
Indications: hypertension Dose: 250mg 2-3 times daily, increased at intervals of at least 2 days, max 3 g daily (ELDERLY: 125mg BD, max 2g daily) Brands: Aldomet |
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Moxonidine
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Type: Centrally acting antihypertensive
Indications: mild to moderate essential hypertension Dose: 200mcg OM increasing if necessary after 3 weeks to 400mcg daily in 1-2 doses Brands: |
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Doxazosin
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Type: Alpha blocker
Indications: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: 1mg OD, increased after 1-2 weeks to 2mg OD and thereafter to 4mg OD if necessary Brands: Cardura |
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Indoramin
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Type: Alpha blocker
Indications: hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: 25mg BD, increased by 25-50mg daily at intervals of 2 weeks Brands: Baratol, Doralese |
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Prazosin
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Type: Alpha blocker
Indications: hypertension, congestive heart failure, Raynaud's syndrome, benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Hypovase |
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Terazosin
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Type: Alpha blocker
Indications: mild to moderate hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: 1mg ON, dose doubled after 7 days if necessary, usual maintenance 2-10mg OD Brands: Hytrin |
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Phenoxybenzamine Hydrochloride
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Type: Alpha blocker
Indications: hypertensive episodes in phaeochromocytoma Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Dibenyline |
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Phentolamine Mesilate
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Type: Alpha Blocker
Indications: hypertensive episodes due to/diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma Dose: - hypertensive episodes: 2-5mg by IV injection, repeated if necessary - diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma Brands: Rogitine |
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Captopril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: hypertension, congestive heart failure, following MI, diabetic nephropathy in IDDM Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Captopen |
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Cilazapril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: essential hypertension, congestive heart failure Dose: - hypertension: 1mg OD increased according to response up to 2.5-5mg OD - heart failure: 500mcg OD increased gradually to 1-2.5mg OD if tolerated Brands: Vascace |
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Enalapril Maleate
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: hypertension, symptomatic heart failure Dose: - hypertension: 5mg OD increased up to maintenance dose of 20mg OD - Heart failure: 2.5mg OD increased over 2-4 weeks to 10-20mg BD if tolerated Brands: Innovace |
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Fosinopril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: hypertension, congestive heart failure Dose: - Hypertension: 10mg OD, increased to 40mg if necessary - Heart failure: 10mg daily, increase to 40mg if tolerated Brands: Staril |
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Imidapril Hydrochloride
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: essential hypertension Dose: 5mg daily before food, increase up to 20mg daily if necessary Brands: Tanatril |
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Lisinopril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: hypertension, symptomatic heart failure, short term treatment post MI Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Carace, Zestril |
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Moexipril Hydrochloride
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: essential hypertension Dose: 7.5mg OD increased to maintenance dose of 15-30mg OD Brands: Perdix |
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Perindopril Erbumine
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: hypertension, symptomatic heart failure, prophylaxis of cardiac events after MI or revascularisation in stable CAD Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Coversyl |
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Quinapril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: essential hypertension, congestive heart failure Dose: - Hypertension: 10mg OD increased up to a maintenance dose of 20-40mg daily in 1-2 doses - Heart failure: 2.5mg OD increased gradually to 10-20mg daily in 1-2 doses if tolerated Brands: Accupro |
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Ramipril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: mild to moderate hypertension, congestive heart failure, following MI, prevention of MI, stroke, CV death or need of revascularisation procedures Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Tritace |
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Trandolapril
|
Type: ACE inhibitor
Indications: mild to moderate hypertension, following MI in patients with LV dysfunction Dose: - Hypertension: 500mcg OD increased at intervals of 2-4 weeks, usually 1-2mg OD - Prophylaxis: 500mcg daily gradualy increased to max 4g daily Brands: Gopten |
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Candesartan Cilexetil
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: hypertension, heart failure Dose: - Hypertension: 8mg D increased if necessary to max 32mg OD - Heart failure: 4mg OD increased at intervals of 2 weeks to target dose of 32mg OD Brands: |
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Eprosartan
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: Hypertension Dose: 600mg OD, increased to 800mg OD after 2-3 weeks if necessary Brands: |
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Irbesartan
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: hypertension, renal disease in hypertensive NIDDM Dose: - Hypertension: 150mg OD increased if necessary to 300mg OD - Renal disease: 150mg OD increased to 300mg OD if tolerated Brands: Aprovel |
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Losartan Potassium
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: hypertension, diabetic nephropathy in NIDDM Dose: 50mg OD increased if necessary to 100mg OD Brands: Cozaar |
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Olmesartan Medoxomil
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: hypertension Dose: 10mg OD if necessary increase to 20mg OD Brands: |
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Telmisartan
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: hypertension Dose: 40mg OD increased if necessary after at least 4 weeks to 80mg OD Brands: Micardis |
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Valsartan
|
Type: Angiotensin-II receptor antagonist
Indications: hypertension, MI Dose: - Hypertension: 80mg OD, increased if necessary up to a max 320mg daily - MI: 20mg BD increased over several weeks up to 160mg BD if tolerated Brands: Diovan |
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Aliskiren
|
Type: Renin Inhibitor
Indications: essential hypertension Dose: 150mg OD increased if necessary up to 300mg OD Brands: Rasilez |
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Glyceryl Trinitrate
|
Type: Nitrate
Indications: Prophylaxis and treatment of angina, LVF, anal fissure, extra-vasation Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Coro-Nitro Pump Spray, Glytrin Spray, Nitrolingual Pumpspray, Nitromin, Suscard, Nitrocine, Nitronal, Deponit, Minitran, Nitro-Dur, Percutol, Transiderm-Nitro, Trintek |
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Isosorbide Dinitrate
|
Type: Nitrate
Indications: Prophylaxis and treatment of angina, LVF Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Angitak |
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Isosorbide Mononitrate
|
Type: Nitrate
Indications: Prophylaxis of angina, adjunct in congestive heart failure Dose: 20mg 2-3 times daily or 40mg BD, up to 120mg daily in divided doses Brands: Elantan, Ismo, Chemydur 60XL, Elantan LA, IMdur, Isib 60 XL, Ismo Retard, Isodur, Isotard, Modisal LA, Modisal XL, Monomax, Monomil XL, Monosorb XL 60, Zemon |
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Amlodipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: hypertension, prophylaxis of angina Dose: 5mg OD Brands: Istin |
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Diltiazem Hydrochloride
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: hypertension, prophylaxis and treatment of angina Dose: 60mg TDS increased if necessary up to 360mg daily Brands: Tildiem, Adizem-SR, Adizem-XL, Angitil SP, Angitil XL, Calcicard CR, Dilcardia SR, Dilzem SR, Dilzem XL, Slozem, Tildiem LA, Tildiem Retard, Viazem XL, Zemtard |
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Felodipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: Hypertension, prophylaxis of angina Dose: - Hypertension: 5mg OM - Angina: 5mg OM, increased to 10mg if necessary Brands: Plendil |
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Isradipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: Hypertension Dose: 2.5mg BD, increased if necessary to 5mg BD after 3-4 weeks Brands: Prescal |
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Lacidipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: Hypertension Dose: 2mg OM, increased after 3-4 weeks to 4 or even 6mg OM if necessary Brands: Motens |
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Lercanidipine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: Mild to moderate hypertension Dose: 10mg OD, increased if necessary after at least 2 weeks to 20mg daily Brands: Zanidip |
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Nicardipine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: Prophylaxis of angina, mild to moderate hypertension Dose: 20mg TDS increased after at least 3 days to 30mg TDS Brands: Cardene, Cardene SR |
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Nifedipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: Prophylaxis of angina, hypertension, Raynaud's phenomenon Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Adalat, Adalt LA, Adalat Retard, Adipine MR, Adipine XL, Cardilate MR, Coracten SR, Coracten XL, Fortipine LA 40, Hypolar Retard 20, Nifedipress MR, Nifopress Retard, Tensipine MR |
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Nimodipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: prevention & treatment of ischaemic neurological deficits following aneurysal subarachnoid haemorrhage Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Nimotop |
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Nisoldipine
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: prophylaxis of angina, mild to moderate hypertension Dose: 10mg before breakfast, if necessary increase at intervals of 1 week up to a max 40mg daily Brands: Syscor MR |
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Verapamil Hydrochloride
|
Type: Calcium channel blocker
Indications: supraventricular arrhythmias, angina, hypertension Dose: Look up under route Brands: Cordilox, Securon, Half Securon SR, Securon SR, Univer, Verapress MR, Vertab SR 240 |
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Ivabradine
|
Type: Other anti-anginal
Indications: angina with normal sinus rhythm Dose: 5mg BD, increased if necessary to 7.5mg BD after 3-4 weeks Brands: Procoralan |
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Nicorandil
|
Type: Other anti-anginal
Indications: prophylaxis and treatment of angina Dose: 10mg BD, 20mg BD if necessary Brands: |
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Cilostazol
|
Type: Peripheral vasodilator
Indications: intermittent claudication in patients without rest pain and no peripheral tissue necrosis Dose: 100mg BD Brands: Pletal |
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Naftidrofuryl Oxalate
|
Type: Peripheral vasodilator
Indications: peripheral vascular disease, cerebral vascular disease Dose: - peripheral vascular disease: 100-200mg TDS - cerebral vascular disease: 100mg TDS Brands: Praxilene |
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Dobutamine
|
Type: Inotropic sympathomimetic
Indications: inotropic support in infarction, cardiac surgery, cardiomyopathies, septic shock & cardiogenic shock Dose: by IV infusion: 2.5-10mcg/kg/minute, adjusted according to response |
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Dopamine Hydrochloride
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Type: Inotropic sympathomimetic
Indications: cardiogenic shock in infarction or cardiac surgery Dose: by IV infusion: 2-5mcg/kg/minute, adjusted according to response Brands: Select-A-Jet Dopamine |
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Dopexamine Hydrochloride
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Type: Inotropic sympathomimetic
Indications: inotropic support and vasodilator in exacerbations of chronic heart failure & in heart failure associated with heart surgery Dose: Look up under dose Brands: Dopacard |
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Ephedrine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Vasoconstrictor sympathomimetic
Indications: reversal of hypotension from spinal or epidural anaesthesia Dose: By slow IV injection: 3-6mg repeated every 3-4 mins according to response |
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Metaraminol
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Type: Vasoconstrictor sympathomimetic
Indications: acute hypotension, priapism Dose: by IV infusion: 15-100mg adjusted according to response |
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Noradrenaline Acid tartrate/ Norepinephrine Bitartrate
|
Type: Vasoconstrictor sympathomimetic
Indications: acute hypotension, cardiac arrest Dose: Look up under condition Brands: |
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Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Vasoconstrictor sympathomimetic
Indications: Acute hypotension, priapism Dose: Look up under route |
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Adrenaline
|
Type: Adrenaline
Indications: Cardiac arrest Dose: Look up under cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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Heparin
|
Type: Coumarin
Indications: DVT, prophylaxis of clotting Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Monoparin, Monoparin calcium, Multiparin |
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Bemiparin Sodium
|
Type: LMWH
Indications: prophylaxis of clotting Dose: Look up under condition |
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Dalteparin Sodium
|
Type: LMWH
Indications: DVT prophylaxis, treatment of thromboembolic disease in pregnancy Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Fragmin |
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Enoxaparin Sodium
|
Type: LMWH
Indications: DVT prophylaxis, treatment of ACS Dose: - prophylaxis: 30-40mg - Pulmonary embolism: 1.5mg/kg OD - ACS: 1mg/kg BD Brands: Clexane |
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Tinzaparin Sodium
|
Type: LMWH
Indications: DVT prophylaxis, treatment of thromboembolic disease in pregnancy Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Innohep |
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Danaparoid Sodium
|
Type: Heparinoid
Indications: DVT prevention in general/orthopedic surgery, thromboembolic disease in patients with history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Dose: - DVT prophylaxis: 750u BD for 7-10 days before surgery - Thromboembolic disease: 2500u followed by 400u/hr for 2 hours then 300u/hr for 2 hours then 200u/hr for 5 days Brands: Orgaran |
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Bivalirudin
|
Type: Hirudin
Indications: anticoagulation for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention Dose: initially by IV injection 750mcg/kg then by IV infusion 1.75mg/kg/hour for up to 4 hours after procedure Brands: Angiox |
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Lepirudin
|
Type: Hirudin
Indications: thromboembolic disease requiring parenteral anticoagulation in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia type II Dose: initially by slow IV injection 400mcg/kg followed by IV infusion of 150mcg/kg/hr Brands: Refludan |
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Epoprostenol
|
Type: Prostacyclin
Indications: inhibition of platelet aggregation during renal dialysis Dose: Look up product literature Brands: Flolan |
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Fondaparinux Sodium
|
Type: Synthetic pentasaccharide
Indications: prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in medical patients immobilised due to acute illness, NSTEMI & STEMI Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Arixtra |
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Warfarin Sodium
|
Type: Oral Anticoagulant
Indications: prophylaxis of clotting Dose: According to INR |
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Acenocoumarol
|
Type: Oral anticoagulant
Indications: prophylaxis of clotting Dose: 4-12mg on 1st day, 4-8mg on 2nd day, maintenance 1-8mg Brands: Sinthrome |
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Phenindione
|
Type: Oral Anticoagulant
Indications: Prophylaxis of clotting Dose: 200mg on day 1, 100mg on day 2, maintenance 50-150mg daily |
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Protamine Sulphate
|
Type: Anti-heparin
Indications: Heparin overdose Dose: Look up under doses Brands: Prosulf |
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Abciximab
|
Type: Antiplatelet
Indications: prevention of ischaemic cardiac complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, short-term MI prevention in patients with unstable angina not responding to conventional treatment Dose: Look up under dose Brands: Reopro |
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Aspirin 75mg
|
Type: Antiplatelet
Indications: prophylaxis of cerebrovascular disease or MI Dose: 75mg OD Brands: Angettes 75, Caprin, Nu-Seals Aspirin |
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Clopidogrel
|
Type: Asprin
Indications: prophylaxis of cerebrovascular disease or MI Dose: - prophylaxis: 75mg OD - ACS: initially 300mg then 75mg daily Brands: Plavix |
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Dipyridamole
|
Type: Antiplatelet
Indications: Thrombosis prophylaxis Dose: 300-600mg dialy in3-4 divided doses before food Brands: Persantin, Persantin Retard |
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Eptifibatide
|
Type: Antiplatelet
Indications: Prevention of early MI in patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI Dose: Initially by IV injection 180mcg/kg then by IV infusion 2mcg/kg/min for up to 72 hours Brands: Integrillin |
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Tirofiban
|
Type: Antiplatelet
Indications: Prevention of early MI in patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI Dose: By IV infusion initially 400ng/kg/min for 30 mins then 100ng/kg/min for at least 48 hours Brands: Aggrastat |
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Alteplase
|
Type: Fibrinolytic
Indications: acute MI, PE, acute ischaemic stroke Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Actilyse |
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Reteplase
|
Type: Fibrinolytic
Indications: acute MI Dose: By IV injection (initiated within 12 hours of symptom onset), 10 units over not more than 2 minutes followed after 30 mins by a further 10 units Brands: Rapilysin |
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Streptokinase
|
Type: Fibrinolytic
Indications: acute MI, DVT, PE, acute arterial thromboembolism and central retinal venous or arterial thrombosis Dose: - MI: 1500000u over 60 mins - DVT, PE e.t.c.: 250000u over 30 mins, then 100000u/hr for up to 12-72 hours according to condition Brands: Streptase |
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Tenecteplase
|
Type: Fibrinolytic
Indications: acute MI Dose: by IV injection over 10 secs, 30-50mg according to body weight Brands: Metalyse |
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Urokinase
|
Type: Fibrinolytic
Indications: DVT, PE, peripheral vascular occlusion Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Syner-KINASE |
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Etamsylate
|
Type: Antifibrinolytic
Indications: blood loss in menorrhagia Dose: 500mg QDS during menstruation Brands: Dicynene |
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Tranexamic Acid
|
Type: Antifibrinolytic
Indications: Excessive fibrinolysis Dose: Look up under route Brands: Cyklokapron |
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Colesevelam Hydrochloride
|
Type: Bile acid sequestrant
Indications: primary hypercholestrerolaemia Dose: - Monotherapy: 3.75g daily in 1-2 doses - In combo with a statin: 2.5-3.75g daily in 1-2 divided doses Brands: Cholestagel |
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Colestipol Hydrochloride
|
Type: Bile acid sequestrant
Indications: hyperlipidaemias, Dose: 5g 1-2 times daily increased if necessary in monthly intervals to max 30g Brands: Colestid |
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Ezetimibe
|
Type: Lipid uptake inhibitor
Indications: hypercholesterolaemia Dose: 10mg OD Brands: Ezetrol |
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Bezafibrate
|
Type: Fibrate
Indications: hyperlipidaemias IIa, IIb, III, IV and V Dose: 200mg TDS (or 400mg OD for MR preparations) Brands: Bezalip, Bezalip Mono |
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Ciprofibrate
|
Type: Fibrate
Indications: hyperlipidaemias IIa, IIb, III and IV Dose: 100mg daily Brands: Modalim |
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Fenofibrate
|
Type: Fibrate
Indications: hyperlipidaemias IIa, IIb, III, IV and V Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Lipantil, Supralip |
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Gemfibrozil
|
Type: Fibrate
Indications: hyperlipidaemias IIa, IIb, III, IV and V Dose: 1.2g daily in 2 divided doses Brands: Lopid |
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Atorvastatin
|
Type: Statin
Indications: hypercholesterolaemias Dose: 10mg OD, increased as necessary in 4 week intervals up to 80mg daily Brands: Lipitor |
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Fluvastatin
|
Type: Statin
Indications: hyperlipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemias Dose: 20-40mg ON, increased as necessary in 4 week intervals up to 80mg daily Brands: Lescol, Lescol XL |
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Pravastatin Sodium
|
Type: Statin
Indications: hyperlipidaemia and hypercholesterolaemias, CVD prophylaxis Dose: - Hypercholesterolaemia: 10-40mg ON - CVD prophylaxis: 40mg ON - Post-transplant hyperlipidaemia: 20-40mg ON Brands: Lipostat |
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Rosuvastatin
|
Type: Statin
Indications: Hyperchlosterolaemias Dose: 5-10mg OD increase if necessary at 4 week intervals to 40mg OD Brands: Crestor |
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Simvastatin
|
Type: Statin
Indications: Hyperchlosterolaemias and hyperlipidaemias Dose: - Hyperchlosterolaemias: 10-20mg ON - CVD prophylaxis: 20-40mg ON, increased if necessary to max 80mg ON Brands: Zocor |
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Acipimox
|
Type: Lipid-modulator
Indications: hyperlipidaemias IIb and IV Dose: 500-750mg daily in divided doses Brands: Olbetam |
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Nicotinic acid
|
Type: Lipid-modulator
Indications: dyslipidaemia Dose: 375mg ON for 1 week, then 500mg ON for 1 week then 750mg ON for 1 week, the 1g ON for 1 week, increase further at 4 week intervals by 500mg if necessary Brands: Niaspan |
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Omega-3-acid Ethyl esters
|
Type: Omega-3 fatty acid compound
Indications: hypertriglyceridaemias and secondary prevention after an MI Dose: - hypertriglyceridaemia: 2g OD, increased if necessary to 4g OD Brands: Omacor |
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Omega-3-Marine triglycerides
|
Type: Omega-3 fatty acid compound
Indications: severe hypertriglyceridaemia Dose: 5g BD Brands: Maxepa |
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Ethanolamine Oleate
|
Type: Local sclerosant
Indications: scleropathy of varicose veins Dose: look up under preparation |
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Sodium tetradecyl Sulphate
|
Type: Local sclerosant
Indications: scleropathy of varicose veins Dose: look up under preparation Brands: Fibro-vein |
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Bambuterol Hydrochloride
|
Type: Short-acting beta-2 agonist
Indications: asthma and similar conditions Dose: 20mg ON if previously on beta-2 agonists, 10mg ON if not Brands: Bambec |
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Formeterol Fumarate
|
Type: Long acting Beta-2 agonist
Indications: reversible airway obstructions Dose: look up under preparations Brands: Atimos Modulite, Foradil, Oxis |
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Salbutamol
|
Type: Short-acting beta-2 agonist
Indications: asthma and similar conditions, premature labour Dose: Look up under formulation Brands: Ventmax SR, Ventolin, Volmax, Airomir, Asmasal Clickhaler, Salamol Easi-breathe |
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Salmeterol
|
Type: Long acting Beta-2 agonist
Indications: reversible airway obstructions, COPD Dose: - Asthma: 50mcg BD, increased up to 100mcg BD if necessary - COPD: 50mcg BD Brands: Serevent |
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Terbutaline Sulphate
|
Type: Short-acting beta-2 agonist
Indications: asthma and similar conditions, premature labour Dose: Look up under formulation Brands: Bricanyl |
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Ephedrine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Adrenoceptor agonist
Indications: reversible airways obstruction Dose: 15-60mg TDS |
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Orciprenaline Sulphate
|
Type: Adrenoceptor agonist
Indications: reversible airways obstruction Dose: 20mg QDS Brands: Alupent |
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Ipratropium Bromide
|
Type: Antimuscarinic bronchodilator
Indications: reversible airways obstruction, COPD Dose: Look up under formulation Brands: Atrovent, Ipratropium steri-neb, Respontin |
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Tiotropium
|
Type: Antimuscarinic bronchodilator
Indications: maintenance of COPD Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Spiriva |
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Theophylline
|
Type: Bronchodilator
Indications: reversible airways obstruction, acute severe asthma Dose: Calculate appropriate plasma concentration Brands: Nuelin SA, Slo-Phyllin, Uniphyllin Continus |
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Aminophylline
|
Type: Bronchodilator
Indications: reversible airways obstruction, acute severe asthma Dose: Look up under preparations (optimum level = 10-20 mg/l) Brands: Phyllocontin continus |
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Beclometasone Dipropionate
|
Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: Typically 200-400mcg BD Brands: AeroBec, AeroBec Forte, Asmabec clickhaler, Beclazone Easi-Breathe, Becodisks, Clenil Modulite, Qvar, Fostair |
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Budesonide
|
Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Novolizer, Pulmicort, Symbicort (with formoterol) |
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Ciclesonide
|
Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: 160 mcg daily, reduced to 80 mcg daily if control maintained Brands: Alvesco |
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Fluticasone Propionate
|
Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Flixotide, Seretide (with salmeterol) |
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Mometasone Furoate
|
Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: 200-400 mcg ON or BD Brands: Asmanex |
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Sodium Cromoglicate
|
Type: Long acting bronchodilator
Indications: asthma prophylaxis, food allergy, allergic conjuctivits, allergic rhinitis Dose: 20mg QDS, increased to 8 times daily as necessary Brands: Intal |
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Nedocromil Sodium
|
Type: Long acting bronchodilator
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: 4mg QDS, reduced to BD if control acheived Brands: Tilade |
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Montelukast
|
Type: Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Indications: asthma prophylaxis, symptomatic relief of allergic rhinitis in asthma patients Dose: - asthma prophylaxis: 10mg ON - allergic rhinitis: 10mg ON Brands: Singulair |
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Zafirlukast
|
Type: Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Indications: asthma prophylaxis Dose: 20mg BD Brands: Accolate |
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|
Cetirizine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Non-sedating anithistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief Dose: 10mg OD or 5mg BD |
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|
Desloratidine
|
Type: Non-sedating anithistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, chronic idiopathic urticaria Dose: 5mg OD Brands: Neoclarityn |
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|
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Non-sedating anithistamine
Indications: Seasonal allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria Dose: - Seasonal allergic rhinitis: 120mg OD - chronic idiopathic urticaria: 180mg OD Brands: Telfast |
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Levocetirizine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Non-sedating anithistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, urticaria Dose: 5mg OD Brands: Xyzal |
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|
Loratidine
|
Type: Non-sedating anithistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, chronic idiopathic urticaria Dose: 10mg OD |
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|
Mizolastine
|
Type: Non-sedating antihistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, urticaria Dose: 10mg OD Brands: Mizollen |
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|
Alimemazine Tartrate
|
Type: Sedating antihistamine
Indications: urticaria, pruritis Dose: 10mg 2-3 times daily, up to 100mg daily in severe cases Brands: Vallergan |
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|
Chlorphenamine Maleate
|
Type: Sedating antihistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, urticaria, emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Dose: - by mouth: 4mg every 4-6 hours, max 24mg daily - by IM or IV injection: 10mg over 1 min, repeated if required up to 4 times in 24 hours Brands: Piriton |
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Clemastine
|
Type: Sedating antihistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, urticaria Dose: 1mg BD, increased top 6mg daily if required Brands: Tavegil |
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|
Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Sedating antihistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, urticaria, migraine Dose: - Allergy: 4mg 3-4 times daily - migraine: 4mg with a further 4mg every 30 mins as necessary Brands: |
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|
Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Sedating Antihistamine
Indications: pruritus, anxiety Dose: - Pruritus: 25mg ON increased if necessary to 25mg 3-4 times daily - Anxiety: 50-100mg QDS Brands: Atarax, Ucerax |
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Ketotifen
|
Type: Sedating Antihistamine
Indications: allergic rhinitis Dose: 1mg BD increased if necessary to 2mg BD Brands: Zaditen |
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|
Promethazine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Sedating Antihistamine
Indications: symptomatic allergy relief, urticaria, sedation, motion sickness Dose: Look up under route Brands: Phenergan |
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Omalizumab
|
Type: allergen immunotherapy
Indications: prophylaxis of allergic asthma Dose: Consult product literature Brands: Xolair |
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Adrenaline
|
Type: Adrenaline
Indications: emergency treatment of acute analphylaxis, angioedema, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, priapism Dose: inject single dose of 1mg/ml solution Brands: Minijet, Anapen, Epipen |
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Doxapram Hydrochloride
|
Type: Respiratory Stimulant
Indications: Postoperative respiratory depression, acute respiratory failure Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Dopram |
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Beractant
|
Type: Pulmonary surfactant
Indications: respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates over 700g, prophylaxis of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates < 32 weeks post-menstrual age Dose: 100mg/kg preferably within 8 hours of birth, may be repeated within 48 hours at intervals of at least 6 hours up to 4 doses Brands: Survanta |
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Poractant Alfa
|
Type: Pulmonary surfactant
Indications: respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates over 700g, prophylaxis of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates Dose: 100-200mg/kg Brands: Curosurf |
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Carbocysteine
|
Type: Mucolytic
Indications: reduction of sputum viscosity Dose: 2.25g daily in divided doses, then 1.5g daily in divided doses |
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Erdosteine
|
Type: Mucolytic
Indications: symptomatic treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis Dose: 300mg BD for up to 10 days Brands: Erdotin |
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Mecysteine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Mucolytic
Indications: reduction of sputum viscosity Dose: 200mg QDS for 2 days, then 200mg TDS for 6 weeks, then 200mg BD Brands: Visclair |
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Dornase Alfa
|
Type: Mucolytic
Indications: cystic fibrosis with an FVC of 40% Dose: 2.5mg OD Brands: Pulmozyme |
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Codeine Phosphate
|
Type: Cough suppressant
Indications: dry/painful cough, diarrhoea, pain Dose: - cough suppression: 5-10ml 3-4 times daily |
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Pholcodeine
|
Type: Cough suppressant
Indications: dry/painful cough Dose: 5-10ml 3-4 times daily Brands: Galenphol |
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Methadone Hydrochloride
|
Type: Cough suppressant
Indications: cough in terminal disease Dose: 2.5-5ml every 4-6 hours |
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Morphine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Cough suppressant
Indications: cough in terminal disease Dose: Initially 5mg every 4 hours |
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Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Systemic nasal docongestants
Indications: nasal congestion Dose: 60mg 3-4 times daily Brands: Galpseud, Sudafed |
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Nitrazepam
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: insomnia Dose: 5-10mg ON |
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Flurazepam
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: insomnia Dose: 15-30mg ON Brands: Dalmane |
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Loprazolam
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: insomnia Dose: 1mg ON, increased to 1.5-2mg if required |
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Lormetazepam
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: insomnia Dose: 0.5-1.5mg ON |
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Temazepam
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: 10-20mg at bedtime, 30-40mg in exceptional circumstances |
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Zalepon
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: 10mg ON for max 2 weeks Brands: Sonata |
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Zolpidem Tartrate
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: 10mg ON Brands: Stilnoct |
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Zopiclone
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: 7.5mg ON Brands: Zimovane |
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Chloral Hydrate
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Welldorm |
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Triclofos Sodium
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: 10-20ml ON |
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Clomethiazole
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia, alcohol withdrawal, restlessness and agitation Dose: - Insomnia: 192-384mg ON - Restlessness: 192mg TDS - Alcohol withdrawal: 384-768mg intially, repeated if necessary after several hours Brands: Heminevrin |
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Sodium Oxybate
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Narcolepsy with cataplexy Dose: initally 2.25mg of retiring and repeated 2.5-4 hours later increased according to response in steps if 1.5mg daily Brands: Xyrem |
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Melatonin
|
Type: Hypnotic
Indications: Insomnia Dose: 2mg OD Brands: Circadin |
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Diazepam
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: anxiety/insomnia, acute alcohol withdrawal, status epilepticus, febrile convulsions, muscle spasm Dose: Look up under route |
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Alprazolam
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: anxiety Dose: 250-500mcg TDS increased if necessary to 3mg daily |
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Chlordiazepoxide Hydrochloride
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: Anxiety Dose: 10mg TDS |
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Lorazepam
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: anxiety, insomnia, status epilepticus Dose: 1-4mg daily in divided doses |
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Oxazepam
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: Anxiety, insomnia Dose: - Anxiety: 15-30mg 3-4 times daily - Insomnia: 15-25mg ON |
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Buspirone
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: Anxiety Dose: 5mg 2-3 times daily Brands: Buspar |
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Meprobamate
|
Type: Anxiolytic
Indications: Anxiety Dose: 400mg 3-4 times daily |
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Barbiturates
|
Type: Barbiturate
Indications: Severe insomnia in patients already taking barbiturates Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Sodium Amytal, Soneryl, Seconal Sodium, Tuinal |
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Benperidol
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Control of deviant antisocial sexual behaviour Dose: 0.25-1.5mg daily Brands: Anquil |
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Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia and other psychoses Dose: Look up under route Brands: Largactil |
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Flupentixol
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia and other psychoses, depression Dose: 3-9mg BD Brands: Depixol |
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Haloperidol
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia and other psychoses, agitation, restlessness, intractable hiccup Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Dozic, Haldol, Serenace |
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Levomepromazine
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia Dose: Intially 25-50mg daily in divided doses, increased as necessary Brands: Nozinan |
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Pericyazine
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia and other psychoses Dose: Initially 75mg daily in divided doses increased at weekly intervals by steps of 25mg according to response Brands: Neulactil |
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Perphenazine
|
Type: Antipsychotic/antiemetic
Indications: Schizophrenia and other psychoses Dose: 4mg TDS adjusted according to response Brands: Fentazin |
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Pimozide
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia, Monosymptomatic hypochondriacal psychosis Dose: - Schizophrenia: 2mg daily, increased according to response in steps of 2-4mg at intervals of not less than 1 week - Monosymptomatic hypochondriacal psychosis: 4mg daily, increased according to response in steps of 2-4mg at intervals of not less than 1 week Brands: Orap |
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Prochlorperazine
|
Type: Antipsychotic/ Antiemetic
Indications: Schizophrenia Dose: Look up under route |
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Promazine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Psychomotor agitation, agitation and restlessness in the elderly Dose: - Psychomotor agitation: 100-200mg QDS - agitation and restlessness in the elderly: 25-50mg QDS |
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Sulpiride
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia Dose: 200-400mg BD Brands: Dolmatil, Sulpor |
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Trifluoperazine
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: Schizophrenia and other psychoses, severe anxiety Dose: - Schizophrenia and other psychoses: 5mg BD, increased by 5mg after 1 week then at 3 days intervals according to response - severe anxiety: 2-4mg daily in divided doses, increased if necessary to 6mg daily Brands: Stelazine |
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Zuclopenthixol Acetate
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: short-term management of acute psychosis, mania, or exacerbations of chronic psychosis Dose: 50-150mg by deep IM injection into the gluteal muscle or lateral thigh Brands: Clopixol acuphase |
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Zuclopenthixol
|
Type: Antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia and other psychoses Dose: 20-30mg daily in divided doses, increased to 150mg daily if necessary Brands: Clopixol |
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Amisulpride
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia Dose: 200-400mg BD Brands: Solian |
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Aripiprazole
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia, mania Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Abilify |
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Clozapine
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Clozaril |
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Olanzapine
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia, monotherapy for mania Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Zyprexa |
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Paliperidone
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia Dose: 6mg OM Brands: Invega |
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Quetiapine
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia, mania, mood stabilisers Dose: - schizophrenia: 25mg BD on day 1, 50mg BD on day 2, 100mg BD on day 3, 150mg BD on day 4, then adjusted according to response - Mania: 50mg BD on day 1, 100mg BD on day 2, 150mg BD on day 3, 200mg BD on day 4, then adjusted according to response Brands: Seroquel |
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Risperidone
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: acute and chronic psychoses, mania Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Risperdal |
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Sertindole
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia Dose: 4mg daily increased in steps of 4mg at 4-5 day intervals Brands: Serdolect |
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Zotepine
|
Type: Atypical antipsychotic
Indications: schizophrenia Dose: 25mg TDS increased according to response at intervals of 4 days to max 100mg TDS Brands: Zoleptil |
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Valproic acid
|
Type: Antimanic
Indications: manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder Dose: 750mg daily in 2-3 divided doses, increased according to response Brands: Depakote, Convulex |
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Lithium
|
Type: Antimanic
Indications: Treatment and prophylaxis of mania, bipolar disorder and recurrent depression Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Camcolit, Liskonum, Priadel |
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Lithium citrate
|
Type: Antimanic
Indications: Treatment and prophylaxis of mania, bipolar disorder and recurrent depression Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Li-Liquid, Priadel |
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Amitriptyline Hydrochloride
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: depressive illness, neuropathic pain, migraine prophylaxis Dose: - Depression: 75mg daily in divided doses or ON, increased as necessary up to 200mg - Neuropathic pain: 10-25mg ON increased as necessary up to 75mg - Migraine prophylaxis: 10mg ON, increased as necessary up to 75mg Brands: Triptafen (with perphenazine), Triptafen-M (with perphenazine) |
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Clomipramine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: depressive illness Dose: 10mg OD, increased as necessary up to 30-150mg daily in divided doses or ON Brands: Anafranil, Anafranil SR |
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Dosulepin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: Depression Dose: 75mg daily in divided doses or ON, increased gradually as necessary up to 150mg daily Brands: Prothiaden |
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Doxepin
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: Depression, pruritis in eczema Dose: 75mg daily in divided doses or ON, adjusted according to response Brands: Sinepin |
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Imipramine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: Depression Dose: 75mg daily in divided doses or ON, increased gradually as necessary up to 150-200mg daily |
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Lofepramine
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: Depression Dose: 140-210mg daily in divided doses |
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Nortriptyline
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: Depression, neuropathic pain Dose: - Depression: Low dose initially, increased up to 75-100mg as necessary - Neuropathic pain: 10-25mg ON increased as necessary up to 75mg Brands: Allegron |
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Trimipramine
|
Type: Tricyclic antidepressant
Indications: Depression Dose: 50-75mg daily in divided doses or ON, increased as necessary up to 150-300mg daily Brands: Surmontil |
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Mianserin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Tricyclic-related antidepressant
Indications: Depression Dose: 30-40mg in divided doses or ON, increased as necessary up to 30-90mg daily |
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Trazodone Hydrochloride
|
Type: Tricyclic-related antidepressant
Indications: Depression, anxiety Dose: - Depression: 150mg daily in divided doses or ON, increased as necessary up to 300mg - Anxiety: 75mg daily increased as necessary up to 300mg Brands: Molipaxin |
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Phenelzine
|
Type: Monoamine-oxidase inhibitor
Indications: Depression Dose: 15mg TDS, increased as necessary to QDS after 2 weeks Brands: Nardil |
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Isocarboxazid
|
Type: Monoamine-oxidase inhibitor
Indications: Depression Dose: 30mg daily (maintenance 10-20mg daily) |
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Tranylcypromine
|
Type: Monoamine-oxidase inhibitor
Indications: Depression Dose: 10mg BD not later than 3pm, increasing the 2nd daily daily dose to 20mg after 1 week if necessary Brands: |
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Moclobemide
|
Type: Monoamine-oxidase inhibitor
Indications: Depression, social anxiety disorder Dose: - Depression: 300mg daily in divided doses after food, adjusted according to response - Social anxiety disorder: 300mg daily, increased on the fourth day to to 600mg daily in 2 divided doses Brands: Manerix |
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Citalopram
|
Type: Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor
Indications: Depression, panic disorder Dose: - Depression: 20mg OD increased if necessary in steps of 20mg daily at intervals of 3-4 weeks - Panic disorder: 10mg daily increased as necessary in steps of 10mg daily Brands: Cipramil |
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Escitalopram
|
Type: Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor
Indications: Depression, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder Dose: Look up under age, typically 10mg OD Brands: |
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Fluoxetine
|
Type: Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor
Indications: Major depression, Bulimia nervosa, Obsessive-compulsive disorder Dose: - Depression: 20mg OD - Bulimia nervosa: 60mg OD - OCD: 20mg OD Brands: Prozac |
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Fluvoxamine Maleate
|
Type: Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor
Indications: Depression, obsessive compulsive disorder Dose: - Depression: 50-100mg ON, increased to 300mg if necessary - OCD: 50mg ON increased if necessary to max 300mg Brands: Faverin |
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Paroxetine
|
Type: Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor
Indications: major depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, general anxiety disorder Dose: - major depression, social anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, general anxiety disorder: 20mg OM - OCD: 20mg OM, increased gradually in steps of 10mg to usual dose of 40mg daily - Panic disorder: 10mg OM, increased gradually in steps of 10mg to usual dose of 40mg daily Brands: Seroxat |
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Sertraline
|
Type: Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor
Indications: depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder in women Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Lustral |
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Duloxetine
|
Type: Atypical antidepressant
Indications: major depression, diabetic neuropathy, stress urinary incontinence Dose: 60mg OD Brands: Cymbalta |
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Flupentixol
|
Type: Atypical antidepressant
Indications: depression, psychoses Dose: 1mg OM, increased after 1 week to 2mg if necessary Brands: Fluanxol |
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|
Mirtazapine
|
Type: Atypical antidepressant
Indications: Major depression Dose: 15mg ON increased within 2-4 weeks according to response Brands: Zispin Soltab |
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Reboxetine
|
Type: Atypical antidepressant
Indications: Major depression Dose: 4mg BD increased if necessary after 3-4 weeks to 10mg daily in divided doses Brands: Edronax |
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Tryptophan
|
Type: Atypical antidepressant
Indications: depression Dose: 1g TDS Brands: Optimax |
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|
Venlafaxine
|
Type: Atypical antidepressant
Indications: Major depression, general anxiety disorder Dose: - Depression: 75mg daily in 2 divided doses increased if necessary to 150mg daily - general anxiety disorder: Look up under preparations Brands: Efexor, Efexor XL |
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Atomoxetine
|
Type: CNS stimulant
Indications: ADHD Dose: 40mg daily for 7 days then increased according to response to usual maintenance dose of 80mg daily Brands: Strattera |
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Dexamfetamine Sulphate
|
Type: CNS stimulant
Indications: narcolepsy, refractory ADHD Dose: - Narcolepsy: 10mg daily in divided doses increased by 10mg at 1 week intervals up to a max of 60mg daily - Refractory ADHD: 2.5mg daily in 2-3 divided doses increased by 2.5mg at 1 week intervals Brands: Dexedrine |
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Methylphenidate Hydrochloride
|
Type: CNS stimulant
Indications: narcolepsy, ADHD Dose: - ADHD: 2.5mg BD increased if necessary at weekly intervals by 2.5mg (max 1.4mg/kg daily) - Narcolepsy: 10-60mg daily in divided doses before meals Brands: Concerta XL, Ritalin, Equasym XL, Medikinet XL |
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Modafinil
|
Type: CNS stimulant
Indications: narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, and chronic shift work disorder Dose: - narcolepsy & obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: 200mg daily either in 2 divided doses in the morning or OM - chronic shift work disorder: 200mg taken before the start of the work shift Brands: Provigil |
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Orlistat
|
Type: Lipase inhibitor
Indications: Obesity Dose: 120mg immediately before, during or up to 1 hour after each main meal Brands: Xenical |
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Rimonabant
|
Type: Centrally-acting appetite suppressant
Indications: Obesity Dose: 20mg daily before breakfast Brands: Acomplia |
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Sibutramine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Centrally acting appetite suppressant
Indications: Obesity Dose: 10mg OM, increased if weight loss less than 2kg after 4 weeks to 15mg OM, if weight loss still less than 2kg after 4 weeks, discontinue Brands: Reductil |
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Cinnarizine
|
Type: Antihistamine
Indications: vestibular disorders, motion sickness Dose: - Vestibular disorders: 30mg TDS - Motion sickness: 30mg 2 hours before travel then 15mg every 8 hours during journey if necessary Brands: Stugeron, Arlevert (with dimenhydrinate) |
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Cyclizine
|
Type: Antihistamine
Indications: nausea, vomiting, vertigo, motion sickness, labyrinthine disorders Dose: 50mg up to TDS Brands: Valoid |
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Promethazine Teoclate
|
Type: Antihistamine
Indications: nausea, vomiting, motion sickness, labyrinthine disorders Dose: 25-75mg daily Brands: Avomine |
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Domperidone
|
Type: Antiemetic
Indications: nausea and vomiting, dyspepsia, GI reflux Dose: 10-20mg 3-4 times daily Brands: Motilium |
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|
Metoclopramide hydrochloride
|
Type: Antiemetic
Indications: Nausea and vomiting, GI disorders, migraine Dose: 10mg TDS Brands: Maxolon, Maxolon High dose, Maxolon SR |
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|
Dolasetron Mesilate
|
Type: 5HT3 antagonist
Indications: Nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy, post-op nausea and vomiting Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Anzemet |
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|
Granisetron
|
Type: 5HT3 antagonist
Indications: Nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy, post-op nausea and vomiting Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Kytril |
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|
Ondansetron
|
Type: 5HT3 antagonist
Indications: Emetogenic emergencies, post-op nausea and vomiting Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Zofran |
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|
Palonosetron
|
Type: 5HT3 antagonist
Indications: Prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by moderately and severly emetogenic chemotherapy Dose: 250mcg by IV injection as a single dose 30 mins before treatment Brands: Aloxi |
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Tropisetron
|
Type: 5HT3 antagonist
Indications: Nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy, post-op nausea and vomiting Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Navoban |
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|
Aprepitant
|
Type: Neurokinin receptor antagonist
Indications: adjunct to dexamethasone and a 5HT3 antagonist in preventing nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic chemotherapy Dose: 125mg 1 hour before chemotherapy Brands: Emend |
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|
Fosaprepitant
|
Type: Neurokinin receptor antagonist
Indications: adjunct to dexamethasone and a 5HT3 antagonist in preventing nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic chemotherapy Dose: 115mg over 15 mins 30 mins before chemotherapy Brands: |
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Nabilone
|
Type: Cannabinoid
Indications: nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic chemotherapy Dose: 1mg BD increased if necessary to 2mg BD |
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|
Hyoscine Hydrobromide
|
Type: Antiemetic
Indications: Motion sickness, excessive respiratory secretions Dose: 150-300mcg up to 30 mins before start of journey repeated every 6 hours if necessary Brands: Joy Rides, Kwells, Scopoderm TTS |
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|
Betahistine Dihydrochloride
|
Type: Antiemetic
Indications: vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss associated with Meniere's disease Dose: 16mg TDS, increased to 24-48mg daily as necessary Brands: Serc |
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Paracetamol
|
Type: Non-opioid analgesic
Indications: mild to moderate pain, pyrexia Dose: Look up under route Brands: Perfalgan, Co-codamol, Codipar, Kapake, Solpadol, Tylex, Paradote, Co-dydramol, Remedeine, Midrid |
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|
Nefopam Hydrochloride
|
Type: Non-opioid analgesic
Indications: Moderate pain Dose: 60mg TDS, adjusted according to response Brands: Acupan |
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|
Buprenorphine
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain Dose: Look under route Brands: Temgesic, BuTrans, Transtec |
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|
Diamorphine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: acute pain, acute pulmonary oedema Dose: Look up under indication |
|
|
Dihydrocodeine Tartrate
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain Dose: 30mg every 4-6 hours when necessary Brands: DF 118 Forte, DHC continus |
|
|
Dipapanone Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain Dose: 10mg gradually increased to 30mg every 6 hours Brands: Diconal |
|
|
Fentanyl
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Actiq, Durogesic DTrans, IONSYS |
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|
Hydromorphone Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: severe pain in cancer Dose: 1.3mg every 4 hours Brands: Palladone, Palladone SR |
|
|
Meptazinol
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain, peri-operative analgesia Dose: - By mouth: 200mg every 3-6 hours as required - By IM injection: 75-100mg every 2-4 hours if necessary - By slow IV injection: 50-100mg every 2-4 hours if necessary Brands: Meptid |
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|
Methadone Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: severe pain, cough in terminal disease, adjunct in treatment of opioid dependence Dose: 5-10mg every 6-8 hours, adjusted according to response |
|
|
Oxycodone Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain in patients with cancer, postoperative pain, severe pain Dose: Look up under route Brands: OxyNorm, OxyContin |
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|
Papaveretum
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: enhancement of analgesia, severe chronic pain Dose: 7.7-15.4mg repeated every 4 hours if necessary |
|
|
Pentazocine
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain Dose: Look up under route |
|
|
Pethidine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain, obstetric analgesia, peri-operative analgesia Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Pamergan P100 |
|
|
Tramadol Hydrochloride
|
Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: moderate to severe pain Dose: 50-100mg every 4 hours up to 4 times a day Brands: Zamadol, Zydol, Dromadol SR, Larapam SR, Mabron, Tradorec XL, Zamadol 24hr, Zamadol SR, Zydol SR, Zydol XL, Tramacet (with paracetamol) |
|
|
Tolfenamic acid
|
Type: Antimigraine drug
Indications: Acute migraine Dose: 200mg at onset repeated once after 1-2 hours if necessary Brands: Clotam |
|
|
Almotriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 agonist
Indications: Acute migraine Dose: 12.5mg as soon as possible after onset repeated 2 hours after migraine recurs Brands: Almogran |
|
|
Eletriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 agonist
Indications: Acute migraine Dose: 40mg repeated after 2 hours if migraine recurs Brands: Relpax |
|
|
Frovatriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 agonist
Indications: Acute migraine Dose: 2.5mg ASAP repeated after 2 hours if migraine recurs Brands: Migard |
|
|
Naratriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 Agonist
Indications: Acute Migraine Dose: 2.5mg repeated after at least 4 hours if migraine recurs Brands: Naramig |
|
|
Rizatriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 Agonist
Indications: Acute Migraine Dose: 10mg as soon as possible after onset repeated after 2 hours if migraine recurs Brands: Maxalt |
|
|
Sumatriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 Agonist
Indications: Acute Migraine, cluster headache Dose: 50mg repeated after at least 2 hours if migraine recurs Brands: Imigran, Imigran RADIS |
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|
Zolmitriptan
|
Type: 5HT1 Agonist
Indications: Acute Migraine Dose: 2.5mg repeated after at least 2 hours if migraine recurs Brands: Zomig |
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|
Ergotamine Tartrate
|
Type: Ergot alkaloid
Indications: Acute Migraine and migraine variants unresponsive to analgesics Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Cafergot, Migril |
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Pizotifen
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Type: Antimigraine drug
Indications: Prevention of vascular headaches Dose: 500mcg ON increased gradually to usual dose of 1.5mg ON or in 3 divided doses Brands: Sanomigran |
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Clonidine Hydrochloride
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Type: Antimigraine drug
Indications: prevention of recurrent migraine, vascular headache, menopausal flushing, hypertension Dose: 50mcg BD, increased after 2 weeks to 75mcg BD PRN Brands: Dixarit, Catapres |
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Methysergide
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Type: Antimigraine drug
Indications: Prevention of vascular headaches, diarrhoea associated with carcinoid syndrome Dose: - Headaches: 1mg ON, increased gradually over about 2 weeks to 1-2 mg TDS with food - Diarrhoea: 12-20mg daily Brands: Deseril |
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Carbamazepine
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial and secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures, primary generalised tonic-clonic seizures, trigeminal neuralgia, prophylaxis of bipolar disorder unresponsive to lithium Dose: 100-200mg 1-2 times daily, increased slowly to usual dose of 0.4-1.2g daily in divided doses Brands: Tegretol, Tegretol Retard, Carbagen SR |
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Oxcarbazepine
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: Monotherapy & adjunctive treatment of partial seizures with or without secondarily generalised tonic-clonic seizures, trigeminal neuralgia Dose: 300mg BD increased according to response in steps of up to 600mg at weekly intervals Brands: Trileptal |
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Ethosuximide
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: absence seizures Dose: 500mg daily, increased by 250mg at intervals of 4-7 days to usual dose of 1-1.5g daily Brands: Emeside, Zarontin |
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Gabapentin
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation, peripheral neuropathic pain, trigeminal neuralgia Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Neurontin |
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Pregabalin
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation, peripheral and central neuropathic pain, general anxiety disorder Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Lyrica |
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Lamotrigine
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial seizures and primary and secondarily generalised tonic-clonic seizures, seizure associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, trigeminal neuralgia Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Lamictal |
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Levetiracetam
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation, myoclonic seizures and primarily generalised tonic-clonic seizures Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Keppra |
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Phenobarbital
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: all forms of epilepsy except absence seizures, status epilepticus Dose: 60-180mg ON |
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Primidone
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: all forms of epilepsy except absence seizures, essential tremor Dose: - Epilepsy: 125mg daily at bedtime, increased by 125mg every 3 days to 500mg daily in 2 divided doses, then increased according to response - Essential tremor: 62.5mg daily increased gradually over 2-3 weeks according to response Brands: Mysoline |
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Phenytoin
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: all forms of epilepsy except absence seizures, status epilepticus, trigeminal neuralgia if carbamazepine inappropriate Dose: 3-4mg/kg daily or 150-300mg daily increased gradually as necessary Brands: Epanutin |
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Rufinamide
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome Dose: 200mg BD increased according to response in steps of 200mg at intervals of not less than 2 days Brands: Inovelon |
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Tiagabine
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation not satisfactorally controlled with other antiepileptics Dose: 5mg BD for 1 week, then increased at week intervals in steps of 5-10mg, usual maintenance dose 30-45mg daily Brands: Gabitril |
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Topiramate
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: generalised tonic-clonic seizures or partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation, seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, migraine prophylaxis Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Topamax |
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Sodium Valproate
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: all forms of epilepsy Dose: 600mg daily in 2 divided doses, increased by 200mg daily every 3 days to max 2.5g daily Brands: Epilim, Epilim Chrono, Episenta, Epilim Intravenous, Convulex, Depakote |
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Vigabatrin
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation not satisfactorily controlled with other antiepileptics, infantile spasms Dose: 1g daily in single or divided doses then increased according to response on steps of 500mg at weekly intervals max 3g daily Brands: Sabril |
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Zonisamide
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: refractory partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation Dose: 50mg daily in 2 divided doses, increased after 7 days to 100mg daily in 2 divided doses, then increased if necessary by 100mg every 7 days Brands: |
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Clobazam
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: epilepsy, anxiety Dose: - Epilepsy: 20-30mg daily - Anxiety: 20-30mg daily in divided doses or as a single dose at bedtime Brands: Clobazam |
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Clonazepam
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: all epilepsy forms, myoclonus, status epilepticus Dose: 1mg ON for 4 nights, increased according to response over 2-4 weeks to usual maintenance dose of 4-8mg ON Brands: Rivotril |
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Fosphenytoin Sodium
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: status epilepticus, seizure associated with neurosurgery or head injury Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Pro-epanutin |
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Midazolam
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: status epilepticus Dose: 10mg by buccal administration repeated if necessary |
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Paraldehyde
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Type: Antiepileptic
Indications: status epilepticus Dose: 20ml rectally |
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Apomorphine Hydrochloride
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Type: Dopamine receptor antagonist
Indications: refractory motor fluctuations in Parkinsons Dose: 3-30mg daily in divided doses Brands: APO-go |
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Bromocriptine
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Type: Dopamine Receptor antagonist
Indications: parkinsonism, endocrine disorders Dose: 1st week 1-1.25mg ON, 2nd week 2-2.5mg ON, 3rd week 2.5mg BD, 4th week 2.5mg TDS then increasing by 2.5mg every 3-14 days according to response to a usual range of 10-40mg daily |
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Cabergoline
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Type: Dopamine Receptor antagonist
Indications: parkinsonism, endocrine disorders Dose: 1mg OD, increased by increments of 0.5-1mg at 7 or 14 day intervals, usual range 2-6mg daily Brands: Cabaser |
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Pergolide
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Type: Dopamine Receptor antagonist
Indications: parkinsonism Dose: 50mcg ON on day 1, then 50mcg BD on days 2-4, then increased by 100-250mcg daily every 3-4 days in 3 divided doses up to a daily dose of 1.5mg at day 28, after day 30, further increases of up to 250mcg twice a week, max 5mg daily Brands: Celance |
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Pramipexole
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Type: Dopamine Receptor antagonist
Indications: Parkinson's, moderate to severe restless legs syndrome Dose: - Parkinsons: 88mcg TDS, doubled every 5-7 days if tolerated to 350mcg TDS, further increased if necessary by 180mcg TDS at weekly intervals - restless legs syndrome: 88mcg OD 2-3 hours before bedtime, double every 4-7 days if necessary to 350mcg daily Brands: Mirapexin |
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Ropinirole
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Type: Dopamine Receptor antagonist
Indications: Parkinson's, moderate to severe restless legs syndrome Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Adartrel, Requip, Requip XL |
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Rogtigotine
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Type: Dopamine Receptor Antagonist
Indications: Parkinson's Dose: 2mg/24hrs patch, increased in steps of 2mg/24hrs at weekly intervals if required, max 8mg/24hrs Brands: Neupro |
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Co-Beneldopa
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Type: Dopaminergic drug
Indications: Parkinsonism Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Madopar, Madopar CR |
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Co-Careldopa
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Type: Dopaminergic drug
Indications: Parkinsonism Dose: 100mg TDS, increased by 50-100mg daily or on alternate days according to response, up to 800mg daily in divided doses (alternative regimes available) Brands: Sinemet, Duodopa, Caramet CR, Half Sinemet CR, Sinemet CR, Stalevo |
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Rasagiline
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Type: MAO-B inhibitor
Indications: Parkinsons Dose: 1mg OD Brands: Azilect |
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Selegiline Hydrochloride
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Type: MAO-B inhibitor
Indications: Parkinsons Dose: 10mg OM, or 5mg at breakfast and midday Brands: Eldepryl |
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Entacapone
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Type: Catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitor
Indications: Parkinsons Dose: 200mg with each dose of levodopa with dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor Brands: Comtess |
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Tolcapone
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Type: Catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibitor
Indications: Parkinsons Dose: 100mg TDS, leaving 6 hours between each dose Brands: Tasmar |
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Amantadine Hydrochloride
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Type: Weak dopamine agonist
Indications: Parkinsons, antiviral Dose: - Parkinson's: 100mg OD increased after one week to 100mg BD - Post-herpetic neuralgia: 100mg BD for 14 days, continued for a further 14 days if necessary Brands: Symmetrel, Lysovir |
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Benzatropine Mesilate
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: acute dystonic reactions, drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms Dose: 1-2mg by IM or IV injection, repeated if symptoms appear, max 6 mg daily |
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Orphenadrine Hydrochloride
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: parkinsonism, drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms Dose: 150mg daily in divided doses, increased gradually in steps of 50mg every 2-3 days according to response Brands: Biorphen, Disipal |
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Procyclidine Hydrochloride
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: parkinsonism, drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms Dose: Look up under route Brands: Arpicolin, Kemadrin |
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Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride
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Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: parkinsonism, drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms Dose: 1mg OD, increased gradually, usual maintenance dose 5-15mg daily in 3-4 divided doses Brands: Broflex |
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Piracetam
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Type: Anti-spasmodic
Indications: cortical myoclonus Dose: 7.2g daily in 2-3 divided doses, increased according to response by 4.8g every 3-4 days to max 20g daily Brands: Nootropil |
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Riluzole
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Type: Anti-spasmodic
Indications: to extend life in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Dose: 50mg BD Brands: Rilutek |
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Tetrabenazine
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Type: Anti-spasmodic
Indications: Movement disorders, moderate to severe tardive dyskinesia Dose: - Movement disorders: 12.5mg BD increased gradually to 12.5-25mg TDS - moderate to severe tardive dyskinesia: 12.5mg daily gradually increased according to response Brands: Xenazine 25 |
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Botulinum Toxin Type A
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Type: Anti-spasmodic
Indications: Focal spasticity Dose: Consult product literature Brands: Botox, Dysport, Vistabel, Xeomin |
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Botulinum Toxin Type B
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Type: Anti-spasmodic
Indications: spasmodic torticollis Dose: 5000-10000 units by IM injection divided between 2-4 most affected muscles, adjust dose and frequency according to response Brands: NeuroBloc |
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Acamprosate Calcium
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Type: Abstinence drug
Indications: maintenance of abstinence in alcohol dependance Dose: 666mg TDS Brands: Campral EC |
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Disulfiram
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Type: Abstinence drug
Indications: Chronic alcohol dependance Dose: 800mg as a single dose on day 1, reducing over 5 days to 100-200mg daily Brands: Antabuse |
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Bupropion Hydrochloride
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Type: Antidepressant
Indications: Smoking cessation Dose: Start 1-2 weeks before target stop date, initially 150mg daily for 6 days then 150mg BD, discontinue if abstinence not acheived within 7 weeks Brands: Zyban |
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Nicotine
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Type: Nicotine Replacement Therapy
Indications: Smoking cessation Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Nicopass, Nicopatch, Nicorette, Nicotinelle, NiQuitin |
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Varenicline
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Type: Selective nicotine receptor partial agonist
Indications: Smoking cessation Dose: Start 1-2 weeks before target stop date, intially 500mcg OD for 3 days, then 500mcg BD for 4 days, then 1mg BD for 11 weeks Brands: Champix |
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Lofexidine Hydrochloride
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Type: Alpha-adrenergic agonist
Indications: Opioid withdrawal Dose: 800mcg daily in divided doses, increased as necessary in steps of 400-800mcg daily to max 2.4mg daily in divided doses Brands: BritLofex |
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Naltrexone Hydrochloride
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Type: Opioid antagonist
Indications: Opioid dependance Dose: 25mg then 50mg OD Brands: Nalorex, Opizone |
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Donezipil Hydrochloride
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Type: Reversible AChE inhibitor
Indications: mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer's Dose: 5mg ON, increased if necessaryafter 1 month to 10mg Brands: Aricept, Aricept Evess |
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Galantamine
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Type: Anti-dementia drug
Indications: mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer’s disease Dose: Initially 4 mg twice daily for 4 weeks increased to 8 mg twice daily for 4 weeks; maintenance 8–12 mg twice daily Brands:Reminyl XL |
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Memantine Hydrochloride
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Type: Anti-dementia drug
Indications: mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer’s disease Dose: Initially 5 mg in the morning, increased in steps of 5 mg at weekly intervals, up to max. 10 mg twice daily; doses over 5 mg given in 2 divided doses Brands: Ebixa |
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Rivastigmine
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Type: Anti-dementia drug
Indications: mild to moderate dementia in Alzheimer’s disease or in Parkinson’s disease Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Exelon |
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Benzylpenicillin
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Type: Penicillin antibiotic
Indications: throat infections, otitis media, endocarditis, meningococcal disease, pneumonia, cellulitis, anthrax; prophylaxis in limb amputation Dose: Look up under route Brands: Crystapen |
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Phenoxymethylpenicillin
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Type: Penicillin antibiotic
Indications: oral infections; tonsillitis, otitis media, erysipelas, cellulitis; group A streptococcal infection, rheumatic fever and pneumococcal infection prophylaxis Dose: 500 mg every 6 hours increased up to 1 g every 6 hours in severe infections |
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Flucloxacillin
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Type: Penicillinase-resistant penicillin
Indications: infections due to beta-lactamase-producing staphylococci including otitis externa; adjunct in pneumonia, impetigo, cellulitis, osteomyelitis and in staphylococcal endocarditis Dose: Look up under route Brands: Floxapen |
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Temocillin
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Type: Penicillinase-resistant penicillin
Indications:septicaemia, urinary-tract infections, lower respiratory-tract infections caused by susceptible Gram-negative bacteria Dose: - By intramuscular injection or by intravenous injection over 3–4 minutes, or by intravenous infusion, adult and child over 12 years (body-weight over 45 kg), 1–2 g every 12 hours - Uncomplicated urinary-tract infections: adult and child over 12 years (body-weight over 45 kg), 1 g daily as a single daily dose or in divided doses Brands: Negaban |
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Amoxicillin
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Type: Broad-spectrum penicillin
Indications: oral infections , also endocarditis treatment, anthrax; adjunct in listerial meningitis; Helicobacter pylori eradication Dose: Look up under course Brands: Amoxil |
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Ampicillin
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Type: Broad-spectrum penicillin
Indications: urinary-tract infections, otitis media, sinusitis, oral infections, bronchitis, uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae infections, invasive salmonellosis; listerial meningitis Dose: Look up under route Brands: Penbritin |
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Co-Amoxiclav
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Type: Broad-spectrum penicillin
Indications: infections due to beta-lactamase-producing strains (where amoxicillin alone not appropriate) including respiratory-tract infections, genito-urinary and abdominal infections, cellulitis, animal bites, severe dental infection with spreading cellulitis Dose: 250 mg every 8 hours, dose doubled in severe infections Brands: Augmentin, Augmentin-Duo |
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Co-Fluanmpicil
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Type: Broad-spectrum penicillin
Indications: mixed infections involving beta-lactamase-producing staphylococci Dose: 250/250 every 6 hours, dose doubled in severe infections Brands: Magnapen |
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Piperacillin
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Type: Antipseudomonal penicillin
Indications: Lower respiratory-tract, urinary-tract, intra-abdominal and skin infections, and septicaemia, Complicated appendicitis, Infections in neutropenic patients Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Tazocin |
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Ticarcillin
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Type: Antipseudomonal penicillin
Indications: infections due to Pseudomonas and Proteus spp Dose: 3.2 g every 6–8 hours increased to every 4 hours in more severe infections Brands: Timentin |
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Pivmecillinam Hydrochloride
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Type: Mecillinam
Indications: Acute uncomplicated cystitis, Chronic or recurrent bacteriuria, Salmonellosis, UTIs Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Selexid |
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Cefaclor
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Dose: 250 mg every 8 hours, doubled for severe infections Brands: Distaclor, Distaclor MR |
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Cefadroxil
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Dose: Patients over 40 kg, 0.5–1 g twice daily; skin, soft tissue, and simple urinary-tract infections, 1 g daily Brands: Baxan |
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Cefalexin
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Dose: 250 mg every 6 hours or 500 mg every 8–12 hours increased to 1–1.5 g every 6–8 hours for severe infections Brands: Ceporex, Keflex |
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Cefixime
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: acute infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, gonorrhoea Dose: - 200–400 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses - gonorrhoea: 400 mg as a single dose Brands: Suprax |
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Cefotaxime
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, gonorrhoea; surgical prophylaxis; Haemophilus epiglottitis and meningitis Dose: Look up under condition |
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Cefpodoxime
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: respiratory-tract infections, Skin and soft-tissue infections, uncomplicated UTIs, Uncomplicated gonorrhoea Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Orelox |
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Cefradine
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Dose: 250–500 mg every 6 hours or 0.5–1 g every 12 hours; up to 1 g every 6 hours in severe infections Brands: Velosef |
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Ceftazidime
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Dose: 1 g every 8 hours or 2 g every 12 hours; 2 g every 8–12 hours or 3 g every 12 hours in severe infections; single doses over 1 g intravenous route only Brands: Fortum, Kefadim |
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Ceftriaxone
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, surgical prophylaxis; prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Rocephin |
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Cefuroxime
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Type: Cephalosporin
Indications: infections due to sensitive Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, surgical prophylaxis; more active against Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Lyme disease Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Zinacef, Zinnat |
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Clindamycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: staphylococcal bone and joint infections, peritonitis; falciparum malaria Dose: 150–300 mg every 6 hours; up to 450 mg every 6 hours in severe infections Brands: Dalacin C |
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Erythromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: susceptible infections in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity; oral infections; campylobacter enteritis, syphilis, non-gonococcal urethritis, respiratory-tract infections (including Legionnaires’), skin infections; chronic prostatitis; prophylaxis of diphtheria, group A streptococcal infection, and whooping cough; acne vulgaris and rosacea Dose: 250–500 mg every 6 hours or 0.5–1 g every 12 hours; up to 4 g daily in severe infections Brands: Erymax, Erythrocin, Erythroped, Erythroped A |
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Azithromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: respiratory-tract infections; otitis media; skin and soft-tissue infections; uncomplicated genital chlamydial infections and non-gonococcal urethritis; mild or moderate typhoid due to multiple-antibacterial-resistant organisms; prophylaxis of group A streptococcal infection Dose: 500 mg once daily for 3 days or 500 mg on first day then 250 mg once daily for 4 days Brands: Zithromax |
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Clarithromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: respiratory-tract infections, mild to moderate skin and soft tissue infections, otitis media; Helicobacter pylori eradication Dose: 250 mg every 12 hours for 7 days, increased in severe infections to 500 mg every 12 hours for up to 14 days Brands: Clarosip, Klaricid, Klaricid XL |
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Telithromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis, sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis if caused by organisms resistant to beta-lactam antibacterials and other macrolides, or if conventional treatment is contra-indicated Dose: 800 mg once daily for 5 days for sinusitis or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis or for 7–10 days in community-acquired pneumonia Brands: Ketek |
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Metronidazole
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Type: Antimicrobial
Indications: Anaerobic infections, Leg ulcers and pressure sores, Bacterial vaginosis, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Acute ulcerative gingivitis, Acute oral infections, Surgical prophylaxis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Flagyl, Flagyl S, Metrolyl |
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Tinidazole
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Type: Antimicrobial
Indications: Anaerobic infections, Bacterial vaginosis and acute ulcerative gingivitis, Abdominal surgery prophylaxis Dose: - Anaerobic infections: 2g initially, followed by 1g daily or 500 mg twice daily, usually for 5–6 days - Bacterial vaginosis and acute ulcerative gingivitis: a single 2-g dose - Abdominal surgery prophylaxis: single 2-g dose approximately 12 hours before surgery Brands: Fasigyn |
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Aztreonam
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Type: Other beta-lactam antibiotic
Indications: Gram-negative infections including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Azactam |
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Imipenem with Cilastatin
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Type: Other beta-lactam antibiotic
Indications: aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections; surgical prophylaxis; hospital-acquired septicaemia Dose: - IV infusion: 1–2 g daily (in 3–4 divided doses); less sensitive organisms, up to 50 mg/kg daily (max. 4 g daily) in 3–4 divided doses Brands: Primaxin |
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Meropenem
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Type: Other beta-lactam antibiotic
Indications: aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections Dose: - By IV injection: 500 mg every 8 hours, dose doubled in hospital-acquired pneumonia, peritonitis, septicaemia and infections in neutropenic patients Brands: Meronem |
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Ertapenem
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Type: Other beta-lactam antibiotic
Indications: abdominal infections; acute gynaecological infections; community-acquired pneumonia; diabetic foot infections of the skin and soft-tissue; prophylaxis for colorectal surgery Dose: 1 g once daily Brands: Invanz |
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Tetracycline
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Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: chlamydia, rickettsia, brucella, Borrelia burgdorferi, respiratory and genital mycoplasma infections, in acne, in destructive (refractory) periodontal disease, in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, leptospirosis in penicillin hypersensitivity, acne vulgaris, rosacea Dose: 250 mg every 6 hours, increased in severe infections to 500 mg every 6–8 hours |
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Demeclocycline Hydrochloride
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Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: chlamydia, rickettsia, brucella, Borrelia burgdorferi, respiratory and genital mycoplasma infections, in acne, in destructive (refractory) periodontal disease, in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, leptospirosis in penicillin hypersensitivity, inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone Dose: 150 mg every 6 hours or 300 mg every 12 hours Brands: Ledermycin |
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Doxycycline
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Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: chlamydia, rickettsia, brucella, Borrelia burgdorferi, respiratory and genital mycoplasma infections, in acne, in destructive (refractory) periodontal disease, in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, leptospirosis in penicillin hypersensitivity, chronic prostatitis; sinusitis, syphilis, pelvic inflammatory disease, treatment and prophylaxis of anthrax, malaria treatment and prophylaxis, recurrent aphthous ulceration, adjunct to gingival scaling and root planing for periodontitis, oral herpes simplex, acne vulgaris, rosacea Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Vibramycin, Vibramycin D |
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Lymecycline
|
Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: chlamydia, rickettsia, brucella, Borrelia burgdorferi, respiratory and genital mycoplasma infections, in acne, in destructive (refractory) periodontal disease, in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, leptospirosis in penicillin hypersensitivity Dose: - 408 mg every 12 hours, increased to 1.224–1.632 g daily in severe infections - Acne: 408 mg daily for at least 8 weeks Brands: Tetralysal 300 |
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Minocycline
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Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: chlamydia, rickettsia, brucella, Borrelia burgdorferi, respiratory and genital mycoplasma infections, in acne, in destructive (refractory) periodontal disease, in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, leptospirosis in penicillin hypersensitivity, meningococcal carrier state; acne vulgaris Dose: 100 mg BD |
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Oxytetracycline
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Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: chlamydia, rickettsia, brucella, Borrelia burgdorferi, respiratory and genital mycoplasma infections, in acne, in destructive (refractory) periodontal disease, in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, leptospirosis in penicillin hypersensitivity, acne vulgaris, rosacea Dose: 250–500 mg every 6 hours |
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Tigecycline
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Type: Tetracycline antibiotic
Indications: complicated intra-abdominal infections; complicated skin and soft-tissue infections Dose: 100 mg, then 50 mg every 12 hours for 5–14 days Brands: Tygacil |
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Gentamicin
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Type: Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Indications: septicaemia and neonatal sepsis; meningitis and other CNS infections; biliary-tract infection, acute pyelonephritis or prostatitis, endocarditis; pneumonia in hospital patients, adjunct in listerial meningitis Dose: look up under regimes Brands: Cidomycin, Genticin |
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Amikacin
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Type: Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Indications: serious Gram-negative infections resistant to gentamicin Dose: 15 mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses, increased to 22.5 mg/kg daily in 3 divided doses in severe infections; max. 1.5 g daily for up to 10 days Brands: Amikin |
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Neomycin Sulphate
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Type: Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Indications: bowel sterilisation before surgery, hepatic coma Dose: - pre-operative bowel sterilisation: 1 g every hour for 4 hours, then 1 g every 4 hours for 2–3 days - Hepatic coma: up to 4 g daily in divided doses usually for 5–7 days |
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Tobramycin
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Type: Aminoglycoside antibiotic
Indications: septicaemia and neonatal sepsis; meningitis and other CNS infections; biliary-tract infection, acute pyelonephritis or prostatitis, endocarditis; pneumonia in hospital patients, adjunct in listerial meningitis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Tobi |
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Erythromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: susceptible infections in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity; oral infections (see notes above); campylobacter enteritis, syphilis, non-gonococcal urethritis, respiratory-tract infections (including Legionnaires’ disease), skin infections; chronic prostatitis; prophylaxis of diphtheria, group A streptococcal infection, and whooping cough; acne vulgaris and rosacea Dose: Look up under route Brands: Erymax, Erythrocin, Erythroped, Erythroped A |
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Azithromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: respiratory-tract infections; otitis media; skin and soft-tissue infections; uncomplicated genital chlamydial infections and non-gonococcal urethritis; mild or moderate typhoid due to multiple-antibacterial-resistant organisms [unlicensed indication]; prophylaxis of group A streptococcal infection Dose: 500 mg once daily for 3 days or 500 mg on first day then 250 mg once daily for 4 days Brands: Zithromax |
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Clarithromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: respiratory-tract infections, mild to moderate skin and soft tissue infections, otitis media; Helicobacter pylori eradication Dose: 250 mg every 12 hours for 7 days, increased in severe infections to 500 mg every 12 hours for up to 14 days Brands: Clarosip, Klaricid, Klaricid XL |
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Telithromycin
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Type: Macrolide antibiotic
Indications: beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis, sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis if caused by organisms resistant to beta-lactam antibacterials and other macrolides, or if conventional treatment is contra-indicated Dose: - 800 mg once daily for 5 days for sinusitis or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis or for 7–10 days in community-acquired pneumonia - Tonsillitis or pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes: 800 mg once daily for 5 days Brands: Ketek |
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Clindamycin
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: staphylococcal joint and bone infections e.g. osteomyelitis, intra-abdominal sepsis; alternative to macrolides for erysipelas or cellulitis in penicillin-allergic patients, infections associated with (MRSA) in bronchiectasis, bone & joint infections, and skin & soft-tissue infections Dose: 150–300 mg every 6 hours; up to 450 mg every 6 hours in severe infections Brands: Dalacin C |
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Chloramphenicol
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: Haemophilus influenzae infections, typhoid fever Dose: 50 mg/kg daily in 4 divided doses Brands: Kemicetine |
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Fusidic acid
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Type: Antibacterial
Indications: infections caused by penicillin-resistant staphylococci, especially osteomyelitis, staphylococcal endocarditis Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Fucidin |
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Vancomycin
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Type: Glycopeptide antibiotic
Indications: aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria including multi-resistant staphylococci Dose: 125 mg every 6 hours for 7–10 days Brands: Vancocin |
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Teicoplanin
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Type: Glycopeptide antibiotic
Indications: potentially serious Gram-positive infections including endocarditis, dialysis-associated peritonitis, and serious infections due to Staphylococcus aureus; prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery at risk of infection with Gram-positive organisms Dose: Look up under route Brands: Targocid |
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Daptomycin
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Type: lipopeptide antibacterial
Indications: complicated skin and soft-tissue infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, Right-sided endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Cubicin |
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Linezolid
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Type: oxazolidinone antibacterial
Indications: pneumonia, complicated skin and soft-tissue infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria (initiated under expert supervision) Dose: 600 mg every 12 hours usually for 10–14 days Brands: Zyvox |
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Quinupristin and dalfopristin
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Type: streptogramin antibiotics
Indications: serious Gram-positive infections where no alternative antibacterial is suitable including hospital-acquired pneumonia, skin and soft-tissue infections, infections due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium Dose: 7.5 mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 days in skin and soft-tissue infections; for 10 days in hospital-acquired pneumonia; duration of treatment in E. faecium infection depends on site of infection Brands: Synercid |
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Colistin
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Type: polymyxin antibiotic
Indications: bowel sterilisation regimens in neutropenic patients Dose: 1.5–3 million units every 8 hours Brands: Colomycin, Promixin |
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Co-trimoxazole
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Type: Combination antibiotic
Indications: Pneumocystis jiroveci (Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia; toxoplasmosis and nocardiasis Dose: Look up under route Brands: Septrin |
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Sulphadiazine
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Type: Sulphonamide antibiotic
Indications: prevention of rheumatic fever recurrence, toxoplasmosis Dose: 1 g daily |
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Trimethoprim
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: urinary-tract infections, acute and chronic bronchitis; pneumocystis pneumonia Dose: - Acute infections: 200 mg every 12 hours - Chronic infections and prophylaxis: 100 mg at night |
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Capreomycin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis resistant to first-line drugs Dose: 1 g daily (not more than 20 mg/kg) for 2–4 months, then 1 g 2–3 times each week Brands: Capastat |
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Cycloserine
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis resistant to first-line drugs Dose: 250 mg every 12 hours for 2 weeks increased according to blood concentration and response to max. 500 mg every 12 hours |
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Ethambutol Hydrochloride
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis Dose: ‘Peak’ concentration (2–2.5 hours after dose) should be 2–6 mg/litre (7–22 micromol/litre); ‘trough’ (pre-dose) concentration should be less than 1 mg/litre (4 mcmol/litre) |
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Isoniazid
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis Dose: 15 mg/kg (max. 900 mg) 3 times a week |
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Pyrazinamide
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis Dose: under 50 kg 2 g 3 times a week, 50 kg and over 2.5 g 3 times a week |
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Rifabutin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: Prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex infections in immunosuppressed patients with low CD4 count, non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease, pulmonary tuberculosis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Mycobutin |
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Rifampicin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: Brucellosis, legionnaires’ disease, endocarditis and serious staphylococcal infections, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis and Haemophilus influenzae (type b) infection Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Rifadin, Rimactane |
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Streptomycin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis, adjunct to doxycycline in brucellosis; enterococcal endocarditis Dose: 15 mg/kg (max. 1 g) daily |
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Isoniazid
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis Dose: 15 mg/kg (max. 900 mg) 3 times a week |
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Pyrazinamide
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis Dose: under 50 kg 2 g 3 times a week, 50 kg and over 2.5 g 3 times a week |
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Rifabutin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: Prophylaxis of Mycobacterium avium complex infections in immunosuppressed patients with low CD4 count, non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease, pulmonary tuberculosis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Mycobutin |
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Rifampicin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: Brucellosis, legionnaires’ disease, endocarditis and serious staphylococcal infections, Tuberculosis, Leprosy, Prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis and Haemophilus influenzae (type b) infection Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Rifadin, Rimactane |
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Streptomycin
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Type: Antituberculosis drug
Indications: tuberculosis, adjunct to doxycycline in brucellosis; enterococcal endocarditis Dose: 15 mg/kg (max. 1 g) daily |
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Dapsone
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Type: Antileprotic
Indications: leprosy, dermatitis herpetiformis; Pneumocystis jiroveci (Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia Dose: - Leprosy, 1–2 mg/kg daily |
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Clofazimine
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Type: Antileprotic
Indications: leprosy Dose: 300 mg once-monthly, supervised, and 50 mg daily (or 100 mg on alternate days) |
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Metronidazole
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: Anaerobic infections, Leg ulcers and pressure sores, Bacterial vaginosis, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Acute ulcerative gingivitis, Acute oral infections, Surgical prophylaxis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Flagyl, Flagyl S, Metrolyl |
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Tinidazole
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: Anaerobic infections, Bacterial vaginosis and acute ulcerative gingivitis, Abdominal surgery prophylaxis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Fasigyn |
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Ciprofloxacin
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Type: Quinolone antibiotic
Indications: Most infections Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Ciproxin |
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Levofloxacin
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Type: Quinolone antibiotic
Indications: acute sinusitis, Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, Community-acquired pneumonia, Urinary-tract infections, Chronic prostatitis, Skin and soft tissue infections, Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Tavanic |
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Moxifloxacin
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Type: Quinolone antibiotic
Indications: sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, or exacerbations of chronic bronchitis which have failed to respond to other antibacterials or for patients who cannot be treated with other antibacterials Dose: 400 mg once daily for 10 days in community-acquired pneumonia, for 5–10 days in exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, for 7 days in sinusitis Brands: Avelox |
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Nalidixic Acid
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Type: Quinolone antibiotic
Indications: urinary-tract infections Dose: 900 mg every 6 hours for 7 days, reduced in chronic infections to 600 mg every 6 hours Brands: Uriben |
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Norfloxacin
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Type: Quinolone antibiotic
Indications: Urinary-tract infections, Chronic relapsing urinary-tract infections, Chronic prostatitis Dose: - Urinary-tract infections: 400 mg twice daily for 7–10 days (for 3 days in uncomplicated lower urinary-tract infections) - Chronic relapsing urinary-tract infections: 400 mg twice daily for up to 12 weeks; may be reduced to 400 mg once daily if adequate suppression within first 4 weeks - Chronic prostatitis: 400 mg twice daily for 28 days Brands: Utinor |
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Ofloxacin
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Type: Quinolone antibiotic
Indications: urinary-tract infections, Chronic prostatitis, Lower respiratory-tract infections, Skin and soft-tissue infections, Uncomplicated gonorrhoea, Uncomplicated genital chlamydial infection, non-gonococcal urethritis, Pelvic inflammatory disease Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Tarivid |
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Nitrofurantoin
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: urinary-tract infections Dose: - Acute uncomplicated: 50 mg every 6 hours with food for 3–7 days; child over 3 months, 3 mg/kg daily in 4 divided doses - Severe chronic recurrent: 100 mg every 6 hours with food for 7 days (dose reduced or discontinued if severe nausea) - Prophylaxis: 50–100 mg at night; child over 3 months, 1 mg/kg at night Brands: Furadantin, Macrobid, Macrodantin |
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Methenamin Hippurate
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Type: Antibiotic
Indications: prophylaxis and long-term treatment of chronic or recurrent lower urinary-tract infections Dose: 1 g every 12 hours Brands: Hiprex |
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Amphotericin
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: Oral and perioral infections Dose: Allow 1 lozenge to dissolve slowly in the mouth 4 times daily for 10–15 days (continued for 48 hours after lesions have resolved); increase to 8 daily if infection severe Brands: Fungizone |
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Anidulafungin
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: invasive candidiasis Dose: 200 mg on first day then 100 mg once daily Brands: Ecalta |
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Caspofungin
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: invasive aspergillosis either unresponsive to amphotericin or itraconazole or in patients intolerant of amphotericin or itraconazole; invasive candidiasis; empirical treatment of systemic fungal infections in patients with neutropenia Dose: 70 mg on first day then 50 mg once daily Brands: Cancidas |
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Fluconazole
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: Vaginal candidiasis, Mucosal candidiasis (except genital), Tinea pedis, corporis, cruris, pityriasis versicolor, and dermal candidiasis, Invasive candidal infections (including candidaemia and disseminated candidiasis) and cryptococcal infections (including meningitis), Prevention of relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS patients after completion of primary therapy, Prevention of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Diflucan |
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Flucytosine
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: systemic yeast and fungal infections; adjunct to amphotericin in cryptococcal meningitis, adjunct to amphotericin in severe systemic candidiasis and in other severe or long-standing infections Dose: 200 mg/kg daily in 4 divided doses usually for not more than 7 days Brands: Ancotil |
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Griseofulvin
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: dermatophyte infections of the skin, scalp, hair and nails where topical therapy has failed or is inappropriate Dose: - Dermatophyte infections: 500 mg once daily or in divided doses; in severe infection dose may be doubled, reducing when response occurs - Tinea capitis caused by Trichophyton tonsurans: 1 g once daily or in divided doses |
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Itraconazole
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: oropharyngeal candidiasis, Vulvovaginal candidiasis, Pityriasis versicolor, Tinea corporis and tinea cruris, Tinea pedis and tinea manuum, Onychomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Systemic aspergillosis, candidiasis and cryptococcosis including cryptococcal meningitis where other antifungal drugs inappropriate or ineffective, Maintenance in AIDS patients to prevent relapse of underlying fungal infection and prophylaxis in neutropenia when standard therapy inappropriate, Prophylaxis in patients with haematological malignancy or undergoing bone-marrow transplant Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Sporanox |
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Ketoconazole
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: dermatophytoses and Malassezia folliculitis either resistant to fluconazole, terbinafine, or itraconazole or in patients intolerant of these antifungals; chronic mucocutaneous, cutaneous, and oropharyngeal candidiasis either resistant to fluconazole or itraconazole or in patients intolerant of these antifungals Dose: 200 mg OD, increased if response inadequate to 400 mg OD; continued until symptoms have cleared and cultures negative Brands: Nizoral |
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Nystatin
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: candidiasis; oral infection, skin infection Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Nystan |
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Posaconazole
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: invasive aspergillosis either unresponsive to, or in patients intolerant of, amphotericin or itraconazole; fusariosis either unresponsive to, or in patients intolerant of, amphotericin; chromoblastomycosis and mycetoma either unresponsive to, or in patients intolerant of, itraconazole; coccidioidomycosis either unresponsive to, or in patients intolerant of, amphotericin, itraconazole, or fluconazole Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Noxafil |
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Terbinafine
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: dermatophyte infections of the nails, ringworm infections (including tinea pedis, cruris, and corporis) where oral therapy appropriate (due to site, severity or extent) Dose: 250 mg daily usually for 2–6 weeks in tinea pedis, 2–4 weeks in tinea cruris, 4 weeks in tinea corporis, 6 weeks–3 months in nail infections (occasionally longer in toenail infections); child [unlicensed] usually for 4 weeks, tinea capitis, over 1 year, body-weight 10–20 kg, 62.5 mg once daily; body-weight 20–40 kg, 125 mg once daily; body-weight over 40 kg, 250 mg once daily Brands: Lamisil |
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Voriconazole
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Type: Antifungal
Indications: invasive aspergillosis; serious infections caused by Scedosporium spp., Fusarium spp., or invasive fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. (including C. krusei) Dose: 400 mg every 12 hours for 2 doses then 200 mg every 12 hours, increased if necessary to 300 mg every 12 hours; body-weight under 40 kg, 200 mg every 12 hours for 2 doses then 100 mg every 12 hours, increased if necessary to 150 mg every 12 hours; child 2–12 years, (oral suspension recommended) 200 mg every 12 hours Brands: Vfend |
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Abacavir
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 600 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses Brands: Ziagen |
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Didanosine
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: under 60 kg 250 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses, 60 kg and over 400 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses Brands: Videx |
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Emtricitabine
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 200 mg once daily Brands: Emtriva |
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Lamivudine
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: Look up under brand Brands: Epivir, Zeffix |
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Stavudine
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: under 60 kg, 30 mg every 12 hours preferably at least 1 hour before food; 60 kg and over, 40 mg every 12 hours Brands: Zerit |
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Tenofovir Disoproxil
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 245 mg once daily Brands: Viread |
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Zidovudine
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Type: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection; prevention of maternal-fetal HIV transmission Dose: 500–600 mg daily in 2–3 divided doses Brands: Retrovir |
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Amprenavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 1.2 g every 12 hours Brands: Agenerase |
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Atazanavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 300 mg once daily with ritonavir 100 mg once daily Brands: Reyataz |
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Darunavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 600 mg twice daily Brands: Prezista |
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Fosamprenavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 700 mg twice daily Brands: Telzir |
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Indinavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 800 mg every 8 hours Brands: Crixivan |
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Lopinavir with Ritonavir
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Type: Protease inhibitors
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 400mg tablets twice daily Brands: Kaletra |
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Nelfinavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 1.25 g twice daily or 750 mg 3 times daily Brands: Viracept |
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Ritonavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection, potentiation of other protease inhibitors Dose: Initially 300 mg every 12 hours for 3 days, increased in steps of 100 mg every 12 hours over not longer than 14 days to 600 mg every 12 hours Brands: Norvir |
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Saquinavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 1 g every 12 hours Brands: Invirase |
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Tipranavir
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Type: Protease inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection resistant to other protease inhibitors, in combination with other antiretroviral drugs in patients previously treated with antiretrovirals Dose: With low-dose ritonavir, 500 mg twice daily Brands: Aptivus |
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Efavirenz
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Type: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: Look up under weight Brands: Sustiva |
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Nevirapine
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Type: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications: HIV infection Dose: Look up under weight Brands: Viramune |
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Envirtide
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Type: Antiretroviral
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 90 mg twice daily Brands: Fuzeon |
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Maraviroc
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Type: Antiretroviral
Indications: CCR5-tropic HIV infection Dose: 300 mg twice daily Brands: Celsentri |
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Raltegravir
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Type: Antiretroviral
Indications: HIV infection Dose: 400 mg twice daily Brands: Isentress |
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Aciclovir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: herpes simplex and varicella–zoster Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Zovirax |
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Famciclovir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: herpes zoster, acute genital herpes simplex and suppression of recurrent genital herpes Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Famvir |
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Inosine Pranobex
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: Mucocutaneous herpes simplex, Adjunctive treatment of genital warts, Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis Dose: - Mucocutaneous herpes simplex: 1 g 4 times daily for 7–14 days - Adjunctive treatment of genital warts: 1 g 3 times daily for 14–28 days - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: 50–100 mg/kg daily in 6 divided doses Brands: Imunovir |
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Valaciclovir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: herpes zoster; treatment of initial and suppression of recurrent herpes simplex infections of skin and mucous membranes including initial and recurrent genital herpes; reduction of transmission of genital herpes; prevention of cytomegalovirus disease following renal transplantation Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Valtrex |
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Cidofovir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients for whom other drugs are inappropriate Dose: initially 5 mg/kg once weekly for 2 weeks, maintenance; 5 mg/kg once every 2 weeks Brands: Vistide |
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Ganciclovir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: life-threatening or sight-threatening cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompromised patients only; prevention of cytomegalovirus disease during immunosuppressive therapy following organ transplantation; local treatment of CMV retinitis Dose: 5 mg/kg every 12 hours for 14–21 days for treatment or for 7–14 days for prevention; maintenance (for patients at risk of relapse of retinitis) 6 mg/kg daily on 5 days per week or 5 mg/kg daily until adequate recovery of immunity; if retinitis progresses initial induction treatment may be repeated Brands: Cymevene |
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Foscarnet
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients; mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections unresponsive to aciclovir in immunocompromised patients Dose: - CMV retinitis: by IV infusion, induction 60 mg/kg every 8 hours for 2–3 weeks then maintenance, 60 mg/kg daily, increased to 90–120 mg/kg if tolerated; if retinitis progresses on maintenance dose, repeat induction regimen - Mucocutaneous herpes simplex infection: by intravenous infusion, 40 mg/kg every 8 hours for 2–3 weeks or until lesions heal Brands: Foscavir |
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Valganciclovir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: induction and maintenance treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients; prevention of cytomegalovirus disease following solid organ transplantation from a cytomegalovirus-positive donor Dose: - CMV retinitis: induction, 900 mg twice daily for 21 days then 900 mg once daily; induction regimen may be repeated if retinitis progresses - Prevention of cytomegalovirus disease following solid organ transplantation (starting within 10 days of transplantation): 900 mg once daily for 100 days Brands: Valcyte |
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Adefovir Dipivoxil
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: chronic hepatitis B infection with either compensated liver disease with evidence of viral replication, and histologically documented active liver inflammation and fibrosis or decompensated liver disease Dose: 10 mg once daily Brands: Hepsera |
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Entecavir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: chronic hepatitis B infection with compensated liver disease, evidence of viral replication, and histologically documented active liver inflammation or fibrosis Dose: 500 micrograms once daily Brands: Baraclude |
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Telbivudine
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: chronic hepatitis B infection with compensated liver disease, evidence of viral replication, and histologically documented active liver inflammation or fibrosis Dose: 600 mg once daily Brands: Sebivo |
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Oseltamivir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: influenza if started within a few hours of the onset of symptoms Dose: 75 mg every 12 hours for 5 days Brands: Tamiflu |
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Zanamivir
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: influenza if started within a few hours of the onset of symptoms Dose: Look up under situation Brands: Relenza |
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Palivizumab
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: chronic hepatitis C infection, Lassa fever Dose: 15 mg/kg once a month during season of RSV risk Brands: Synagis |
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Ribavirin
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Type: Antiviral
Indications: preventing serious lower respiratory-tract disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus in children at high risk of the disease Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Copegus, Rebetol, Virazole |
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Artemether with lumefantrine
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria Dose: Look up under malaria treatment notes Brands: Riamet |
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Chloroquine
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: chemoprophylaxis and treatment of malaria; rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus Dose: started 1 week before entering endemic area and continued for 4 weeks after leaving, 300 mg once weekly Brands: Avloclor, Malarivon, Nivaquine |
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Mefloquine
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: chemoprophylaxis of malaria, treatment of malaria Dose: started 2½ weeks before entering endemic area and continued for 4 weeks after leaving, adult and child body-weight over 45 kg, 250 mg once weekly; body-weight 6–16 kg, 62.5 mg once weekly; body-weight 16–25 kg, 125 mg once weekly; body-weight 25–45 kg, 187.5 mg once weekly Brands: Lariam |
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Primaquine
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: Plasmodium vivax and P. ovale malaria (eradication of liver stages) Dose: Look up under malaria treatment notes |
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Proguanil
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: chemoprophylaxis of malaria Dose: started 1 week before entering endemic area and continued for 4 weeks after leaving, 200 mg once daily Brands: Paludrine |
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Pyrimethamine with Sulfadoxine
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: malaria Dose: Look up under malaria notes |
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Quinine
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Type: Antimalarial
Indications: falciparum malaria; nocturnal leg cramps Dose: Look up under malaria notes - nocturnal leg cramps: 200-300mg ON |
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Diloxanide Furoate
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Type: Amoebicide
Indications: chronic amoebiasis and as adjunct to metronidazole or tinidazole in acute amoebiasis Dose: 500 mg every 8 hours for 10 days Brands: Diloxanide |
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Mepacrine
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Type: Antigiardial
Indications: giardiasis; discoid lupus erythematosus Dose: - giardiasis: 100 mg every 8 hours for 5–7 days |
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Sodium stibogluconate
|
Type: Leishmaniacide
Indications: leishmaniasis Dose: 20 mg/kg daily (max. 850 mg) by intramuscular or intravenous injection for 28 days in visceral leishmaniasis and for 20 days in cutaneous infection Brands: Pentostam |
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Atovaquone
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Type: Antiprotozoal
Indications: treatment of mild to moderate Pneumocystis jiroveci (Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia in patients intolerant of co-trimoxazole Dose: 750 mg twice daily with food Brands: Wellvone |
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Pentamidine Isetionate
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Type: Antiprotozoal
Indications: Pneumocystis jiroveci (Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia, Visceral leishmaniasis, Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Trypanosomiasis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Pentacarinat |
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Mebendazole
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Type: Anthelmintic
Indications: threadworm, roundworm, whipworm, and hookworm infections Dose: Look up under worm type Brands: Vermox |
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Piperazine
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Type: Anthelmintic
Indications: threadworm and roundworm infections Dose: Threadworms, stirred into milk or water, adult and child over 6 years, content of 1 sachet as a single dose (bedtime in adults or morning in children), repeated after 14 days Brands: Pripsen |
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Insulin
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Type: Short-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus; diabetic ketoacidosi Dose: According to requirements Brands: Hypurin, Actrapid, Humulin S, Insuman Rapid |
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Insulin Aspart
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Type: Short-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: According to requirements Brands: NovoRapid |
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Insulin Glulisine
|
Type: Short-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: According to requirements Brands: Apidra |
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Insulin Lispro
|
Type: Short-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: According to requirements Brands: Humalog |
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Insulin Detemir
|
Type: Long-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Levemir |
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Insulin Glargine
|
Type: Long-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Lantus |
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Insulin Zinc Suspension
|
Type: Long-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Hypurin Bovine Lente |
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Isophane Insulin
|
Type: intermediate acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Hypurin Bovine Isophane, Hypurin Porcine Isophane, Insulatard, Humulin I, Insuman Basal |
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Protamine Zinc Insulin
|
Type: Long-acting insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Hypurin Bovine Protamine Zinc |
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Biphasic insulin aspart
|
Type: Biphasic insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: NovoMix 30 |
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Biphasic insulin Lispro
|
Type: Biphasic insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Humalog Mix25, Humalog Mix50 |
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Biphasic Isophane Insulin
|
Type: Biphasic insulin
Indications: diabetes mellitus Dose: according to requirements Brands: Hypurin Porcine 30/70 Mix, Mixtard 30, Humulin M3, Insuman, Comb 15, Insuman Comb 25, Insuman Comb 50 |
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Chlorpropamide
|
Type: Sulphonylurea
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: Initially 250 mg daily with breakfast, adjusted according to response; max. 500 mg daily |
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Glibenclamide
|
Type: Sulphonylurea
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 5 mg daily with or immediately after breakfast, dose adjusted according to response Brands: Euglucon |
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Gliclazide
|
Type: Sulphonylurea
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 40–80 mg daily, adjusted according to response; up to 160 mg as a single dose, with breakfast; higher doses divided; max. 320 mg daily Brands: Diamicron, Diamicron MR |
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Glimepiride
|
Type: Sulphonylurea
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: Initially 1 mg daily, adjusted according to response in 1-mg steps at 1–2 week intervals; usual max. 4 mg daily Brands: Amaryl |
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Glipizide
|
Type: Sulphonylurea
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: Initially 2.5–5 mg daily shortly before breakfast or lunch, adjusted according to response; max. 20 mg daily; up to 15 mg may be given as a single dose; higher doses divided Brands: Glibenese, Minodiab |
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Tolbutamide
|
Type: Sulphonylurea
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 0.5–1.5 g (max. 2 g) daily in divided doses with or immediately after meals or as a single dose with or immediately after breakfast |
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Metformin Hydrochloride
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Type: Biguanide
Indications: diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary syndrome Dose: - Diabetes mellitus: adult and child over 10 years initially 500 mg with breakfast for at least 1 week then 500 mg with breakfast and evening meal for at least 1 week then 500 mg with breakfast, lunch and evening meal; usual max. 2 g daily in divided doses - Polycystic ovary syndrome [unlicensed]: initially 500 mg with breakfast for 1 week, then 500 mg with breakfast and evening meal for 1 week, then 1.5–1.7 g daily in 2–3 divided doses Brands: Glucophage, Glucophage SR |
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Acarbose
|
Type: antidiabetic
Indications: diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled by diet or by diet with oral antidiabetic drugs Dose: 50 mg daily increased to 50 mg 3 times daily, then increased if necessary after 6–8 weeks to 100 mg 3 times daily; max. 200 mg 3 times daily Brands: Glucobay |
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Exenatide
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Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with metformin or sulphonylurea (or with both) when metformin or a sulphonylurea or both inadequate Dose: 5 micrograms twice daily within 1 hour before 2 main meals (at least 6 hours apart), increased if necessary after at least 1 month to max. 10 micrograms twice daily Brands: Byetta |
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Nateglinide
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with metformin Dose: 60 mg 3 times daily within 30 minutes before main meals, adjusted according to response up to max. 180 mg 3 times daily Brands: Starlix |
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Pioglitazone
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 15–30 mg once daily increased to 45 mg once daily according to response Brands: Actos |
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Repaglinide
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 500 micrograms within 30 minutes before main meals (1 mg if transferring from another oral hypoglycaemic), adjusted according to response at intervals of 1–2 weeks; up to 4 mg may be given as a single dose, max. 16 mg daily Brands: Prandin |
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Rosiglitazone
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 4 mg daily; may be increased after 8 weeks to 8 mg daily (in 1–2 divided doses) according to response Brands: Avandia |
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Sitagliptin
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 100 mg once daily Brands: Januvia |
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Vildagliptin
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: type 2 diabetes mellitus Dose: 50 mg twice daily; in combination with a sulphonylurea, 50 mg daily in the morning Brands: Galvus |
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Glucagon
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: hypoglycaemia Dose: 1 mg Brands: GlucaGen HypoKit |
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Diazoxide
|
Type: Antidiabetic
Indications: chronic intractable hypoglycaemia Dose: 5 mg/kg daily in 2–3 divided doses Brands: Eudemine |
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Levothyroxine sodium
|
Type: Thyroid hormone
Indications: hypothyroidism Dose: initially 50–100 micrograms once daily, preferably before breakfast, adjusted in steps of 25–50 micrograms every 3–4 weeks according to response (usual maintenance dose 100–200 micrograms once daily); in cardiac disease, severe hypothyroidism, and patients over 50 years, initially 25 micrograms once daily, adjusted in steps of 25 micrograms every 4 weeks according to response; usual maintenance dose 50–200 micrograms once daily |
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Liothyronine Sodium
|
Type: Thyroid hormone
Indications: severe hypothyroid states Dose: initially 10–20 micrograms daily gradually increased to 60 micrograms daily in 2–3 divided doses Brands: Triiodothyronine |
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Carbimazole
|
Type: Antithyroid
Indications: hyperthyroidism Dose: 15 to 40 mg daily Brands: Neo-Mercazole |
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Iodine and Iodide
|
Type: Antithyroid
Indications: pre-operative thyrotoxicosis Dose: 0.1–0.3 mL 3 times daily well diluted with milk or water Brands: Aqueous Iodine Oral Solution |
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Propylthiouracil
|
Type: Antithyroid
Indications: hyperthyroidism Dose: 200 to 400 mg daily until euthyroid |
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Fludrocortisone Acetate
|
Type: Mineralocorticoid
Indications: mineralocorticoid replacement in adrenocortical insufficiency Dose: 50–300 micrograms daily Brands: Florinef |
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Betamethasone
|
Type: Glucocorticoid
Indications: suppression of inflammatory and allergic disorders; congenital adrenal hyperplasia Dose: 0.5–5 mg daily Brands: Betnelan, Betnesol |
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Cortisone Acetate
|
Type: Glucocorticoid
Indications: Glucocorticoid replacement therapy Dose: 25–37.5 mg daily in divided doses |
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Deflazacort
|
Type: Glucocorticoid
Indications: suppression of inflammatory and allergic disorders Dose: Usual maintenance 3–18 mg daily (acute disorders, initially up to 120 mg daily) Brands: Calcort |
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Triamcinolone
|
Type: Glucocorticoid
Indications: suppression of inflammatory and allergic disorders; see also notes above; rheumatic disease, Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Kenalog Intra-articular/Intramuscular |
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Conjugated oestrogens with progestogen
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Type: Oestrogens
Indications: HRT Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Premique, Prempak-C |
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Estradiol with progestogen
|
Type: Oestrogens
Indications: HRT Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Angeliq, Climagest, Climesse, Clinorette, Cyclo-Progynova' Elleste-Duet, Estracombi Evorel, Femapak, Femoston, FemSeven Conti , FemSeven Sequi, Indivina, Kliofem, Kliovance, Novofem, Nuvelle, Tridestra, Trisequens |
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Conjugated oestrogens
|
Type: Oestrogens
Indications: HRT Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Premarin |
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Estradiol
|
Type: Oestrogen
Indications: HRT Dose: Look up under preparations Brands:Bedol, Climaval, Elleste-Solo, Elleste Solo MX, Estraderm MX, Estraderm TTS, Estradot, Evorel, Fematrix, FemSeven, Oestrogel, Progynova, Progynova TS, Sandrena, Zumenon |
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Estradiol, estriol and estrone
|
Type: Oestrogens
Indications: HRT Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Hormonin |
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Estriol
|
Type: Oestrogens
Indications: HRT Dose: 0.5–3 mg daily, as single dose, for up to 1 month, then 0.5–1 mg daily until restoration of epithelial integrity Brands: Ovestin |
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Estropipate
|
Type: Oestrogen
Indications: HRT Dose: 1.5 mg daily continuously (with cyclical progestogen for 10–13 days of each cycle in women with a uterus); up to 3 mg daily (in single or divided doses) for vasomotor symptoms and menopausal vaginitis Brands: Harmogen |
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Tibolone
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Type: HRT
Indications: short-term treatment of symptoms of oestrogen deficiency (including women being treated with gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogues); osteoporosis prophylaxis in women at risk of fractures (second-line) Dose: 2.5 mg daily Brands: Livial |
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Ethinylestradiol
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Type: HRT
Indications: short-term treatment of symptoms of oestrogen deficiency, for osteoporosis prophylaxis if other drugs cannot be used and for the treatment of female hypogonadism and menstrual disorders Dose: - Menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis prophylaxis: (with progestogen for 12–14 days per cycle in women with intact uterus), 10–50 micrograms daily for 21 days, repeated after 7-day tablet-free period - Female hypogonadism: 10–50 micrograms daily, usually on cyclical basis; initial oestrogen therapy should be followed by combined oestrogen and progestogen therapy - Menstrual disorders: 20–50 micrograms daily from day 5 to 25 of each cycle, with progestogen added either throughout the cycle or from day 15 to 25 |
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Raloxifene
|
Type: HRT
Indications: treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis Dose: 60 mg once daily Brands: Evista |
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Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
|
Type: Progestogen
Indications: Mild to moderate endometriosis, Progestogenic opposition of oestrogen HRT, Dose: - Mild to moderate endometriosis: 10 mg 3 times daily for 90 consecutive days, beginning on day 1 of cycle - Progestogenic opposition of oestrogen HRT: 10 mg daily for the last 14 days of each 28-day oestrogen HRT cycle Brands: Provera, Climanor |
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Norethisterone
|
Type: Progestogen
Indications: Endometriosis, Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, menorrhagia, Dysmenorrhoea, Premenstrual syndrome, postponement of menstruation, Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Primolut N, Utovlan |
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Progesterone
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Type: Progestogen
Indications: infertility due to inadequate luteal phase, premenstrual syndrome and post-natal depression, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, Progestogenic opposition of oestrogen HRT Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Crinone, Cyclogest, Gestone, Utrogestan |
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Testosterone
|
Type: Male sex hormone
Indications: Androgen deficiency, Hypogonadism, Breast cancer, Delayed puberty, adjunct to oestrogen replacement therapy, Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Restandol Testocaps, Striant SR, Nebido, Sustanon 100, Sustanon 250, Virormone, Intrinsa, Testim, Testogel, Tostran |
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Mesterolone
|
Type: Male sex hormone
Indications: Androgen deficiency and male infertility associated with hypogonadism Dose: 25 mg 3–4 times daily for several months, reduced to 50–75 mg daily in divided doses for maintenance Brands: Pro-Viron |
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Cyproterone acetate
|
Type: Anti-androgen
Indications: severe hypersexuality and sexual deviation in the male, prostate cancer Dose: 50 mg twice daily after food Brands: Androcur |
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Dutasteride
|
Type: Anti-androgen
Indications: benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: 500 micrograms daily Brands: Avodart |
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Finasteride
|
Type: Anti-androgen
Indications: benign prostatic hyperplasia; male-pattern baldness in men Dose: 5 mg daily, review treatment after 6 months Brands: Proscar |
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Nandrolone
|
Type: Anabolic steroid
Indications: osteoporosis in postmenopausal women Dose: 50 mg every 3 weeks Brands: Deca-Durabolin |
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Clomiphene Citrate
|
Type: Anti-oestrogen
Indications: anovulatory infertility Dose: 50 mg daily for 5 days, starting within about 5 days of onset of menstruation (preferably on 2nd day) or at any time (normally preceded by a progestogen-induced withdrawal bleed) if cycles have ceased; second course of 100 mg daily for 5 days may be given in absence of ovulation; most patients who are going to respond will do so to first course; 3 courses should constitute adequate therapeutic trial Brands: Clomid |
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Tetracosactide
|
Type: Corticotrophin
Indications: used to test adrenocortical function Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Synacthen, Synacthen Depot |
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Chorionic Gonadotrophin
|
Type: Gonadotrophin
Indications: infertility in women with proven hypopituitarism or who have not responded to clomifene, or in superovulation treatment for assisted conception Dose: according to patient’s response Brands: Choragon, Pregnyl |
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Choriogonadotropin Alfa
|
Type: Gonadotrophin
Indications: infertility in women with proven hypopituitarism or who have not responded to clomifene, or in superovulation treatment for assisted conception Dose: according to patient’s response Brands: Ovitrelle |
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Follitropin Alfa and Beta
|
Type: Gonadotrophin
Indications: infertility in women with proven hypopituitarism or who have not responded to clomifene, or in superovulation treatment for assisted conception Dose: according to patient’s response |
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Human Menopausal Gonadotrophins
|
Type: Gonadotrophin
Indications: infertility in women with proven hypopituitarism or who have not responded to clomifene, or in superovulation treatment for assisted conception Dose: according to patient’s response Brands: Menotrophin, Urofollitropin |
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Lutropin Alfa
|
Type: Gonadotrophin
Indications: in conjunction with follicle-stimulating hormone, according to response Dose: according to patient’s response Brands: Luveris |
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Somatropin
|
Type: Growth Hormone
Indications: Gonadal dysgenesis (Turner’s syndrome), Deficiency of growth hormone in children, Growth disturbance in short children born small for gestational age whose growth has not caught up by 4 years or later, Prader-Willi syndrome, Chronic renal insufficiency in children (renal function decreased to less than 50%), Adult growth hormone deficiency, by subcutaneous injection Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Genotropin, Humatrope, Norditropin, NutropinAq, Omnitrope, Saizen, Zomacton |
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Pegvisomant
|
Type: Growth hormone receptor antagonist
Indications: acromegaly in patients with inadequate response to surgery, radiation, or both, and to treatment with somatostatin analogues Dose: initially 80 mg, then 10 mg daily, increased in steps of 5 mg daily according to response; max. 30 mg daily Brands: Somavert |
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Thyrotrophin
|
Type: thyroid stimulating hormone
Indications: detection of thyroid remnants and thyroid cancer in post-thyroidectomy patients Dose: 900 micrograms every 24 hours for 2 doses Brands: Thyrogen |
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Gonadorelin
|
Type: Hypothalamic hormone
Indications: assessment of pituitary function Dose: 100 micrograms Brands: HRF |
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Protirelin
|
Type: Hypothalamic hormone
Indications: assessment of thyroid function and thyroid stimulating hormone reserve Dose: 200 micrograms |
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Vasopressin
|
Type: Posterior pituitary hormone
Indications: pituitary diabetes insipidus; bleeding from oesophageal varices Dose: 5–20 units every four hours |
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Desmopressin
|
Type: Posterior pituitary hormone
Indications: Diabetes insipidus, Primary nocturnal enuresis, Postoperative polyuria or polydipsia, Polyuria or polydipsia after hypophysectomy, Nocturia associated with multiple sclerosis, Mild to moderate haemophilia and von Willebrand’s disease, Fibrinolytic response testing, Lumbar-puncture-associated headache Dose: Look up under condition Brands: DDAVP, Desmotabs, DesmoMelt, Desmospray, Octim |
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Terlipressin
|
Type: Posterior pituitary hormone
Indications: bleeding from oesophageal varices Dose: 2 mg followed by 1 or 2 mg every 4 to 6 hours until bleeding is controlled, for up to 72 hours Brands: Glypressin |
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Calcitonin
|
Type: Drug affecting bone metabolism
Indications: Hypercalcaemia of malignancy, Paget’s disease of bone, Postmenopausal osteoporosis to reduce risk of vertebral fractures, Prevention of acute bone loss due to sudden immobility Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Miacalcic |
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Parathyroid hormone
|
Type: Drug affecting bone metabolism
Indications: osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk of fractures Dose: 100 micrograms daily, max. duration of treatment 24 months Brands: Preotact |
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Teriparatide
|
Type: Drug affecting bone metabolism
Indications: treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and in men at increased risk of fractures; treatment of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis Dose: 20 micrograms daily; max. duration of treatment 18 months (course not to be repeated) Brands: Forsteo |
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Alendronic acid
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteoporosis Dose: - Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteoporosis in men: 10 mg daily or (in postmenopausal osteoporosis) 70 mg once weekly - Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: 5 mg daily - Prevention and treatment of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis: 5 mg daily (postmenopausal women not receiving hormone replacement therapy, 10 mg daily) Brands: Fosamax, Fosamax Once Weekly |
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Disodium Etidronate
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Paget’s disease of bone Dose: 5 mg/kg as a single daily dose for up to 6 months; doses above 10 mg/kg daily for up to 3 months may be used with caution but doses above 20 mg/kg daily are not recommended; after interval of not less than 3 months may be repeated where evidence of reactivation—including biochemical indices (avoid premature retreatment) Brands: Didronel |
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Disodium Pamidronate
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Hypercalcaemia of malignancy, Osteolytic lesions and bone pain in bone metastases associated with breast cancer or multiple myeloma, Paget’s disease of bone Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Aredia Dry Powde |
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Ibandronic Acid
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Reduction of bone damage in bone metastases in breast cancer, Hypercalcaemia of malignancy, Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Bondronat |
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Risedronate Sodium
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Paget’s disease of bone, postmenopausal osteoporosis, Prevention of osteoporosis Dose: - Paget’s disease of bone: 30 mg daily for 2 months; may be repeated if necessary after at least 2 months - Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis to reduce risk of vertebral or hip fractures: 5 mg daily or 35 mg once weekly - Prevention of osteoporosis (including corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis) in postmenopausal women: 5 mg daily Brands: Actonel, Actonel Once a Week |
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Sodium Clodronate
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Osteolytic lesions, hypercalcaemia and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases in patients with breast cancer or multiple myeloma Dose: 300 mg daily for max. 7–10 days or by single-dose infusion of 1.5 g Brands: Bonefos, Loron |
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Tiludronic Acid
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Paget’s disease of bone Dose: 400 mg daily as a single dose for 12 weeks; may be repeated if necessary after 6 months Brands: Skelid |
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Zoledronic Acid
|
Type: Bisphosphonate
Indications: Treatment of Paget’s disease of bone Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Aclasta, Zometa |
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Strontium ranelate
|
Type: Drug affecting bone metabolism
Indications: treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis to reduce risk of vertebral and hip fractures Dose: 2 g once daily in water, preferably at bedtime Brands: Protelos |
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Quinagolide
|
Type: dopaminergic drug
Indications: Hyperprolactinaemia Dose: 25 micrograms at bedtime for 3 days; increased at intervals of 3 days in steps of 25 micrograms to usual maintenance dose of 75–150 micrograms daily; for doses higher than 300 micrograms daily increase in steps of 75–150 micrograms at intervals of not less than 4 weeks Brands: Norprolac |
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Cetrorelix
|
Type: Gonadotrophin altering drugs
Indications: adjunct in the treatment of female infertility Dose: either 250 micrograms in the morning, starting on day 5 or 6 of ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins (or each evening starting on day 5 of ovarian stimulation); continue throughout administration of gonadotrophin including day of ovulation induction (or evening before ovulation induction) or 3 mg on day 7 of ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins; if ovulation induction not possible on day 5 after 3-mg dose, additional 250 micrograms once daily until day of ovulation induction Brands: Cetrotide |
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Danazol
|
Type: Pituitary gonadotrophin inhibitor
Indications: Endometriosis, Severe pain and tenderness in benign fibrocystic breast disease not responding to other treatment, Hereditary angioedema Dose: - Endometriosis: 200–800 mg daily in up to 4 divided doses, adjusted to achieve amenorrhoea, usually for 3–6 months - Severe pain and tenderness in benign fibrocystic breast disease : 300 mg daily in divided doses usually for 3–6 months - Hereditary angioedema [unlicensed indication], initially 200 mg 2–3 times daily, then reduced according to response Brands: Danol |
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Ganirelix
|
Type: Gonadotrophin altering drugs
Indications: adjunct in the treatment of female infertility Dose: 250 micrograms in the morning (or each afternoon) starting on day 6 of ovarian stimulation with gonadotrophins; continue throughout administration of gonadotrophins including day of ovulation induction (if administering in afternoon, give last dose in afternoon before ovulation induction) Brands: Orgalutran |
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Gestrinone
|
Type: Gonadotrophin altering drugs
Indications: endometriosis Dose: 2.5 mg twice weekly starting on first day of cycle with second dose 3 days later, repeated on same two days preferably at same time each week Brands: Dimetriose |
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Buserelin
|
Type: Gonadorelin analogue
Indications: Endometriosis, Pituitary desensitisation before induction of ovulation by gonadotrophins for in vitro fertilisation, prostate cancer Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Suprecur |
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Goserelin
|
Type: Gonadorelin analogue
Indications: Endometriosis, Endometrial thinning before intra-uterine surgery, Before surgery in women who have anaemia due to uterine fibroids, Pituitary desensitisation before induction of ovulation by gonadotrophins for in vitro fertilisation (under specialist supervision), after exclusion of pregnancy, Dose: Look up under condition |
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Leuprorelin Acetate
|
Type: Gonadorelin analogue
Indications: Endometriosis, Endometrial thinning before intra-uterine surgery, Reduction of size of uterine fibroids and of associated bleeding before surgery Dose: Look up under condition |
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Nafarelin
|
Type: Gonadorelin analogue
Indications: Endometriosis, Pituitary desensitisation before induction of ovulation by gonadotrophins for in vitro fertilisation Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Synarel |
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Triptorelin
|
Type: Gonadorelin analogue
Indications: endometriosis, precocious puberty, reduction in size of uterine fibroids; advanced prostate cancer Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Decapeptyl SR, Gonapeptyl Depot |
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Metyrapone
|
Type: Endocrine drugs
Indications: Differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome, Management of Cushing’s syndrome, Resistant oedema due to increased aldosterone secretion in cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, and congestive heart failure Dose: - Differential diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome: 750 mg every 4 hours for 6 doses; child 15 mg/kg (minimum 250 mg) every 4 hours for 6 doses - Management of Cushing’s syndrome: range 0.25–6 g daily, tailored to cortisol production; - Resistant oedema due to increased aldosterone secretion in cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, and congestive heart failure (with glucocorticoid replacement therapy) 3 g daily in divided doses Brands: Metopirone |
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Trilostane
|
Type: Endocrine drugs
Indications: Adrenal cortical hyperfunction, Postmenopausal breast cancer Dose: - Adrenal cortical hyperfunction: 240 mg daily in divided doses for at least 3 days then tailored according to response with regular monitoring of plasma electrolytes and circulating corticosteroids (both mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid replacement therapy may be needed); usual dose: 120–480 mg daily (may be increased to 960 mg) - Postmenopausal breast cancer (with glucocorticoid replacement therapy) following relapse to initial oestrogen receptor antagonist therapy: initially 240 mg daily increased every 3 days in steps of 240 mg to a maintenance dose of 960 mg daily (720 mg daily if not tolerated) Brands: Modrenal |
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Mecasermin
|
Type: Somatomedin
Indications: growth failure in children and adolescents with severe primary insulin-like growth factor-I deficiency Dose: initially 40 micrograms/kg twice daily for 1 week, if tolerated increase dose in steps of 40 micrograms/kg to max. 120 micrograms/kg twice daily; discontinue if no response within 1 year Brands: Increlex |
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Carbetocin
|
Type: Oxytocics
Indications: prevention of uterine atony after caesarean section Dose: single dose of 100 micrograms, as soon as possible after delivery, preferably before removal of placenta Brands: Pabal |
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Carboprost
|
Type: Prostaglandin
Indications: postpartum haemorrhage due to uterine atony in patients unresponsive to ergometrine and oxytocin Dose: 250 micrograms repeated if necessary at intervals of 1½ hours (in severe cases the interval may be reduced but should not be less than 15 minutes); total dose should not exceed 2 mg (8 doses) Brands: Hemabate |
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Dinoprostone
|
Type: Prostaglandin
Indications: cervical ripening and induction of labour at term Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Propess, Prostin E2 |
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Ergometrine Maleate
|
Type: Prostaglandin
Indications: to minimise blood loss from the placental site Dose: 250–500 micrograms by intravenous injection Brands: |
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Gemeprost
|
Type: Prostaglandin
Indications: cervical ripening prior to first trimester surgical abortion, Second trimester abortion, Second trimester intra-uterine death Dose: - cervical ripening prior to first trimester surgical abortion: 1 mg inserted into posterior fornix 3 hours before surgery - Second trimester abortion: 1 mg inserted into posterior fornix every 3 hours for max. of 5 administrations; second course may begin 24 hours after start of treatment (if treatment fails pregnancy should be terminated by another method) - Second trimester intra-uterine death: 1 mg inserted into posterior fornix every 3 hours for max. of 5 administrations only; monitor for coagulopathy |
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Oxytocin
|
Type: Oxytocin
Indications: Induction of labour for medical reasons or stimulation of labour in hypotonic uterine inertia, Caesarean section, Prevention of postpartum haemorrhage, after delivery of placenta, Incomplete, inevitable, or missed abortion Dose: Look up under use Brands: Syntocinon |
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Alprostadil
|
Type: Prostaglandin
Indications: congenital heart defects in neonates prior to corrective surgery; erectile dysfunction Dose: initially 10 nanograms/kg/minute, adjusted according to response in steps of 5–10 nanograms/kg/minute; max. 100 nanograms/kg/minute Brands: Prostin VR |
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Indometacin
|
Type: Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor
Indications: patent ductus arteriosus in premature babies (under specialist supervision in neonatal intensive care unit); uncomplicated premature labour [unlicensed indication], rheumatoid disease Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Indocid PDA |
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Mifepristone
|
Type: Antiprogestogenic steroid
Indications: Medical termination of intra-uterine pregnancy Dose: Look up under use Brands: Mifegyne |
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Atosiban
|
Type: Myometrial relaxant
Indications: uncomplicated premature labour Dose: initially 6.75 mg over 1 minute, then by intravenous infusion 18 mg/hour for 3 hours, then 6 mg/hour for up to 45 hours; max. duration of treatment 48 hours Brands: Tractocile |
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Ritodrine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Myometrial relaxant
Indications: uncomplicated premature labour Dose: initially 50 micrograms/minute, increased gradually according to response by 50 micrograms/minute every 10 minutes until contractions stop or maternal heart rate reaches 140 beats per minute; continue for 12–48 hours after contractions cease (usual rate 150–350 micrograms/minute); max. rate 350 micrograms/minute; or by intramuscular injection, 10 mg every 3–8 hours continued for 12–48 hours after contractions have ceased; then by mouth (but see notes above), 10 mg 30 minutes before termination of intravenous infusion, repeated every 2 hours for 24 hours, followed by 10–20 mg every 4–6 hours, max. oral dose 120 mg daily Brands: Yutopar |
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Levonorgestrel
|
Type: Emergency contraceptive
Indications: emergency contraception Dose: 1.5 mg as a single dose as soon as possible after coitus (preferably within 12 hours but no later than after 72 hours) Brands: Levonelle One Step, Levonelle 1500 |
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Alfuzosin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Alpha-blocker
Indications: benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: 2.5 mg 3 times daily, max. 10 mg daily Brands: Xatral |
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Tamsulosin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Alpha-blocker
Indications: benign prostatic hyperplasia Dose: 400 micrograms daily as a single dose Brands: Flomaxtra XL |
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Bethanechol Chloride
|
Type: Parasympathomimetic
Indications: urinary retention Dose: 10–25 mg 3–4 times daily half an hour before food Brands: Myotonine |
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Distigmine Bromide
|
Type: Parasympathomimetic
Indications: postoperative urinary retention, neurogenic bladder; myasthenia gravis Dose: - Urinary retention: 5 mg daily, half an hour before breakfast - Neurogenic bladder: 5 mg daily or on alternate days, half an hour before breakfast - Myasthenia gravis: Initially 5 mg daily half an hour before breakfast, increased at intervals of 3–4 days if necessary to a max. of 20 mg daily Brands: Ubretid |
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Darifenacin
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency, and incontinence Dose: 7.5 mg once daily, increased if necessary after 2 weeks to 15 mg once daily Brands: Emselex |
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Fesoterodine
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence Dose: 4 mg once daily, increased if necessary to max. 8 mg once daily; assess for benefit after 8 weeks Brands: Toviaz |
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Flavoxate Hydrochloride
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency and incontinence, dysuria, urgency; bladder spasms due to catheterisation, cytoscopy, or surgery Dose: 200 mg 3 times daily Brands: Urispas 200 |
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Oxybutynin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence, neurogenic bladder instability, and nocturnal enuresis associated with overactive bladder Dose: initially 5 mg 2–3 times daily, increased if necessary to max. 5 mg 4 times daily Brands: Cystrin, Ditropan, Lyrinel XL, Kentera |
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Propantheline Bromide
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: adult enuresis Dose: Initially 15 mg 3 times daily at least one hour before food and 30 mg at bedtime, subsequently adjusted according to response (max. 120 mg daily) |
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Propiverine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence; neurogenic bladder instability Dose: 15 mg 1–3 times daily, increased if necessary to max. 15 mg 4 times daily Brands: Detrunorm, Detrunorm XL |
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Solifenacin Succinate
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency and urge incontinence Dose: 5 mg daily, increased if necessary to 10 mg once daily Brands: Vesicare |
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Tolterodine Tartrate
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence Dose: 2 mg twice daily; reduce to 1 mg twice daily if necessary to minimise side-effects Brands: Detrusitol, Detrusitol XL |
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Trospium Chloride
|
Type: Antimuscarinic
Indications: urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence Dose: 20 mg twice daily before food Brands: Regurin |
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Potassium Citrate
|
Type: Urine alkalinisor
Indications: relief of discomfort in mild urinary-tract infections; alkalinisation of urine Dose: 10 mL 3 times daily well diluted with water Brands: Potassium Citrate Mixture BP |
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Sodium Bicarbonate
|
Type: Urine alkalinisor
Indications: relief of discomfort in mild urinary-tract infections; alkalinisation of urine Dose: 3 g in water every 2 hours until urinary pH exceeds 7; maintenance of alkaline urine 5–10 g daily |
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Sodium Citrate
|
Type: Urine alkalinisor
Indications: relief of discomfort in mild urinary-tract infections |
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Rowatinex
|
Type: Drug for urinary disorders
Indications: urolithiasis for the expulsion of calculi Dose: 1–2 capsules 3–4 times daily before food |
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Alprostadil
|
Type: Prostaglandin
Indications: erectile dysfunction (including aid to diagnosis); neonatal congenital heart defects Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Caverject, Viridal Duo, MUSE |
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Sildenafil
|
Type: Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor
Indications: erectile dysfunction; pulmonary hypertension Dose: initially 50 mg approx. 1 hour before sexual activity, subsequent doses adjusted according to response to 25–100 mg as a single dose as needed; max. 1 dose in 24 hours Brands: Viagra, Revatio |
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Tadalafil
|
Type: Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor
Indications: erectile dysfunction Dose: initially 10 mg at least 30 minutes before sexual activity, subsequent doses adjusted according to response to 20 mg as a single dose; max. 1 dose in 24 hours (but daily use not recommended) Brands: Cialis |
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Vardenafil
|
Type: Phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitor
Indications: erectile dysfunction Dose: initially 10 mg (elderly and patients on alpha-blocker therapy 5 mg) approx. 25–60 minutes before sexual activity, subsequent doses adjusted according to response up to max. 20 mg as a single dose; max. 1 dose in 24 hours Brands: Levitra |
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Dexrazoxane
|
Type: Iron chelator
Indications: Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, Anthracycline extravasation Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Cardioxane, Savene |
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Calcium Folinate
|
Type: Drug for cytotoxic-induced side-effects
Indications: Prevention of methotrexate-induced adverse effects, Suspected methotrexate overdosage, Adjunct to fluorouracil in colorectal cancer, Dose: Look up under condition Brands: |
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Calcium Levofolinate
|
Type: Drug for cytotoxic-induced side-effects
Indications: Prevention of methotrexate-induced adverse effects, Suspected methotrexate overdosage, Adjunct to fluorouracil in colorectal cancer, Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Isovorin |
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Disodium Folinate
|
Type: Drug for cytotoxic-induced side-effects
Indications: As an antidote to methotrexate, Adjunct to fluorouracil in colorectal cancer Dose: Look up under calcium folinate Brands: Sodiofolin |
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Palifermin
|
Type: Human keratinocyte growth factor
Indications: oral mucositis in patients with haematological malignancies receiving myeloablative therapy with autologous haematopoietic stem-cell support Dose: 60 micrograms/kg once daily for 3 doses (third dose given 24–48 hours before myeloablative therapy) then 3 further doses at least 24 hours after myeloablative therapy, starting on same day as (but after) stem-cell infusion Brands: Kepivance |
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Mesna
|
Type: Drug for cytotoxic-induced side-effects
Indications: Urothelial toxicity Dose: Doses calculated according to oxazaphosphorine (cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide) treatment Brands: Uromitexan |
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Busulfan
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: chronic myeloid leukaemia Dose: 60 micrograms/kg daily (max. 4 mg); maintenance, usually 0.5–2 mg daily Brands: Busilvex, Myleran |
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Carmustine
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, and brain tumours Brands: Gliadel |
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Chlorambucil
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s disease, and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia Dose: - Hodgkin’s disease: used alone, 200 micrograms/kg daily for 4–8 weeks - Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, used alone: initially 100–200 micrograms/kg daily for 4–8 weeks then dose reduced or given intermittently - Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: initially 150 micrograms/kg daily until leucocyte count sufficiently reduced; maintenance (started 4 weeks after end of first course) 100 micrograms/kg daily - Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia: 6–12 mg daily until leucopenia occurs, then reduce to 2–8 mg daily Brands: Leukeran |
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Cyclophosphamide
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, the lymphomas, soft-tissue and osteogenic sarcoma, and solid tumours, rheumatoid arthritis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Endoxana |
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Estramustine Phosphate
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: prostate cancer Dose: 0.14–1.4 g daily in divided doses (usual initial dose 560 mg daily) Brands: Estracyt |
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Ifosfamide
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, the lymphomas, soft-tissue and osteogenic sarcoma, and solid tumour Brands: Mitoxana |
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Losmustine
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: Hodgkin’s disease resistant to conventional therapy, malignant melanoma and certain solid tumours Dose: Used alone, 120–130 mg/m2 body-surface every 6–8 weeks |
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Melphalan
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: multiple myeloma, advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma, advanced breast cancer, childhood neuroblastoma, and polycythaemia vera Dose: - multiple myeloma: dose may vary according to regimen; typical dose 150 micrograms/kg daily for 4 days, repeated every 6 weeks - Ovarian adenocarcinoma: 200 micrograms/kg daily for 5 days, repeated every 4–8 weeks - Advanced breast cancer: 150 micrograms/kg daily for 5 days, repeated every 6 weeks - Polycythaemia vera: initially, 6–10 mg daily reduced after 5–7 days to 2–4 mg daily until satisfactory response then further reduce to 2–6 mg per week Brands: Alkeran |
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Thiotepa
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: malignant effusions or bladder cancer |
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Treosulfan
|
Type: Alkylating drug
Indications: chronic myeloid leukaemia Dose: Consult product literature |
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Bleomycin
|
Type: Anthracyclines
Indications: squamous cell carcinoma |
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Dactinomycin
|
Type: Anthracyclines
Indications: paediatric cancers Brands: Cosmegen Lyovac |
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Daunorubicin
|
Type: Anthracyclines
Indications: acute leukaemias |
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Doxorubicin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Anthracycline
Indications: acute leukaemias, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, paediatric malignancies and some solid tumours Brands: Caelyx, Myocet |
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Epirubicin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Anthracycline
Indications: breast cancer Brands: Pharmorubicin Rapid Dissolution, Pharmorubicin Solution for Injection |
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Idarubicin Hydrochloride
|
Type: Anthracycline
Indications: haematological malignancies Dose: - acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia, monotherapy: 30 mg/m2 daily for 3 days or in combination therapy, 15–30 mg/m2 daily for 3 days -Advanced breast cancer, monotherapy: 45 mg/m2 as a single dose or 15 mg/m2 daily for 3 consecutive days; repeat every 3–4 weeks Brands: Zavedos |
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Mitomycin
|
Type: Anthracycline
Indications: upper gastro-intestinal and breast cancers and by bladder instillation for superficial bladder tumours Brands: Mitomycin C Kyowa |
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Mitoxantrone
|
Type: Anthracycline
Indications: metastatic breast cancer, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and adult non-lymphocytic leukaemia Brands: Onkotrone |
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Capecitabine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: advanced colon cancer following surgery, for monotherapy or combination therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer, and for first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer in combination with a platinum-based regimen Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Xeloda |
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Cladribine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: hairy cell leukaemia, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in patients who have failed to respond to standard regimens containing an alkylating agent Brands: Leustat, Litak |
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Clofarabine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in patients aged 1 to 21 years who have relapsed or are refractory after receiving at least two previous regimens Brands: Evoltra |
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Cytarabine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: induction of remission of acute myeloblastic leukaemia, lymphomatous meningitis Brands: DepoCyte |
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Fludarabine Phosphate
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: advanced B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) or after first-line treatment in patients with sufficient bone-marrow reserves Dose: 40 mg/m2 for 5 days every 28 days usually for 6 cycles Brands: Fludara |
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Fluorouracil
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: solid tumours, including gastro-intestinal tract cancers and breast cancer, advanced colorectal cancer, malignant and pre-malignant skin lesions Dose: maintenance 15 mg/kg weekly; max. in one day 1 g Brands: Fluorouracil |
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Gemcitabine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer, advanced bladder cancer, metastatic breast cancer which has relapsed after previous chemotherapy including an anthracycline Brands: Gemzar |
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Mercaptopurine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: acute leukaemias and chronic myeloid leukaemia; inflammatory bowel disease Dose: Initially 2.5 mg/kg daily Brands: Puri-Nethol |
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Methotrexate
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: maintenance therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, choriocarcinoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, solid tumours. CNS prophylaxis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and as a therapy for established meningeal cancer or lymphoma, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Maxtrex |
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Nelarabine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in patients who have relapsed or who are refractory after receiving at least two previous regimens Brands: Atriance |
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Pemetrexed
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma which has not previously been treated with chemotherapy Brands: Alimta |
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Raltitrexed
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: advanced colorectal cancer when fluorouracil and folinic acid cannot be used Brands: Tomudex |
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Tegafur with uracil
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: metastatic colorectal cancer Dose: tegafur 300 mg/m2 (with uracil 672 mg/m2) daily in 3 divided doses for 28 days; subsequent courses repeated after 7-day interval; for dose adjustment due to toxicity, consult product literature Brands: Uftoral |
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Tioguanine
|
Type: Antimetabolite
Indications: acute leukaemias and chronic myeloid leukaemia Dose: 100–200 mg/m2 daily Brands: Lanvis |
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Etoposide
|
Type: Immunosupressant
Indications: small cell carcinoma of the bronchus, the lymphomas, and testicular cancer Dose: 120–240 mg/m2 daily for 5 days Brands: Etopophos, Vepesid |
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Vinblastine Sulphate
|
Type: Vinca alkaloid
Indications: leukaemias, lymphomas, and some solid tumours Brands: Velbe |
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Vincristine Sulphate
|
Type: Vinca alkaloid
Indications: leukaemias, lymphomas, and some solid tumours Brands: Oncovin |
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Vindesine Sulphate
|
Type: Vinca alkaloid
Indications: leukaemias, lymphomas, and some solid tumours Brands: Eldisine |
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Vinorelbine
|
Type: Vinca alkaloid
Indications: advanced breast cancer Dose: 60 mg/m2 once weekly for 3 weeks, increased if tolerated to 80 mg/m2 once weekly; max. 160 mg once weekly Brands: Navelbine |
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Amsacrine
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: acute myeloid leukaemia Brands: Amsidine |
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Arsenic trioxide
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: acute promyelocytic leukaemia in patients who have relapsed or failed to respond to previous treatment with a retinoid and chemotherapy. Brands: Trisenox |
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Bevacizumab
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy, first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer in combination with paclitaxel and for advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma in combination with interferon alfa-2a Brands: Avastin |
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Bexarotene
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: skin manifestations of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma refractory to previous systemic treatment Dose: Initially 300 mg/m2 daily as a single dose with a meal; adjust dose according to response Brands: Targretin |
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Bortezomib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: multiple myeloma which has progressed despite the use of at least one therapy, and where the patient has already had bone-marrow transplantation or cannot have it Brands: Velcade |
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Cetuximab
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic colorectal cancer in patients with tumours expressing epidermal growth factor receptor in whom previous chemotherapy, that has included irinotecan, has failed, locally advanced squamous cell cancer of the head and neck Brands: Erbitux |
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Crisantaspase
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia Brands: Erwinase |
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Dacarbazine
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic melanoma and, in combination therapy, soft tissue sarcomas, Hodgkin’s disease |
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Temozolomide
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: initial treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (in combination with radiotherapy) and for second-line treatment of malignant glioma. Brands: Temodal |
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Hydroxycarbamide
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: chronic myeloid leukaemia Dose: 20–30 mg/kg daily or 80 mg/kg every third day Brands: Hydrea |
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Mitotane
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: advanced or inoperable adrenocortical carcinoma Dose: initially 2–3 g daily, (up to 6 g daily in severe illness) in 2–3 divided doses, adjusted according to plasma-mitotane concentration; reduce dose or interrupt treatment if signs of toxicity; discontinue if inadequate response after 3 months Brands: Lysodren |
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Panitumumab
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic colorectal cancer with non-mutated KRAS gene after failure of fluoropyrimidine-, oxaliplatin-, and irinotecan-containing chemotherapy regimens Brands: Vectibix |
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Pentostatin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: hairy cell leukaemia Brands: Nipent |
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Carboplatin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: advanced ovarian cancer and lung cancer Brands: Paraplatin |
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Cisplatin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: testicular, lung, cervical, bladder, head and neck, and ovarian cancer |
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Oxaliplatin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic colorectal cancer and as adjuvant treatment of colon cancer after resection of the primary tumour Brands: Eloxatin |
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Porfimer sodium
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: photodynamic therapy of non-small cell lung cancer and obstructing oesophageal cancer Brands: Photofrin |
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Temoporfin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma refractory to, or unsuitable for, other treatments Brands: Foscan |
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Procarbazine
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: Hodgkin’s disease Dose: Used alone, initially 50 mg daily, increased by 50 mg daily to 250–300 mg daily in divided doses; maintenance (on remission) 50–150 mg daily to cumulative total of at least 6 g |
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Dasatinib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: chronic myeloid leukaemia in those who have resistance to or intolerance of previous therapy, including imatinib, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in those who have resistance to or intolerance of previous therapy Dose: - Chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia: adult over 18 years 100 mg once daily, increased if necessary to max. 140 mg once daily - Accelerated and blast phase chronic myeloid leukaemia: adult over 18 years 70 mg twice daily, increased if necessary to max. 100 mg twice daily - Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: adult over 18 years 70 mg twice daily increased if necessary to max. 100 mg twice daily Brands: Sprycel |
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Erlotinib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic pancreatic cancer Dose: - Non-small cell lung cancer: 150 mg once daily - Pancreatic cancer: 100 mg once daily in combination with gemcitabine Brands: Tarceva |
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Imatinib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukaemia where bone marrow transplantation is not considered first-line treatment, and for chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase after failure of interferon alfa, or in accelerated phase, or in blast crisis Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Glivec |
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Nilotinib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: chronic myeloid leukaemia in those who have resistance to or intolerance of previous therapy, including imatinib Dose: 400 mg twice daily Brands: Tasigna |
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Sorafenib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: advanced renal cell carcinoma when treatment with interferon alfa or interleukin-2 has failed or is contra-indicated, hepatocellular carcinoma Dose: 400 mg twice daily Brands: Nexavar |
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Sunitinib
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma, unresectable or metastatic malignant gastro-intestinal stromal tumours (GIST) after failure of imatinib Dose: 50 mg daily for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week treatment-free period to complete 6-week cycle; adjust dose in steps of 12.5 mg according to tolerability; dose range 25–75 mg daily Brands: Sutent |
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Paclitaxel
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: ovarian cancer Brands: Taxol |
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Docetaxel
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer resistant to other cytotoxic drugs, hormone-resistant prostate cancer, for use with other cytotoxic drugs for gastric adenocarcinoma and head and neck cancer, and for adjuvant treatment of operable node-positive breast cancer Brands: Taxotere |
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Irinotecan Hydrochloride
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with fluorouracil and folinic acid or as monotherapy when treatment containing fluorouracil has failed. epidermal growth factor receptor-expressing metastatic colorectal cancer after failure of chemotherapy that has included irinotecan. metastatic carcinoma of the colon or rectum Brands: Campto |
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|
Topotecan
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: metastatic ovarian cancer when first-line or subsequent therapy has failed Brands: Hycamtin |
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Trabectedin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: advanced soft tissue sarcoma when treatment with anthracyclines and ifosfamide has failed or is contra-indicated Brands: Yondelis |
|
|
Trastuzumab
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: breast cancer Brands: Herceptin |
|
|
Tretinoin
|
Type: Antineoplastic
Indications: induction of remission in acute promyelocytic leukaemia, acne, photodamage Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Vesanoid |
|
|
Azathioprine
|
Type: Antiproliferative immunosuppressant
Indications: transplant recipients and it is also used to treat a number of auto-immune conditions, rheumatoid arthritis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Imuran |
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|
Mycophenolate mofetil
|
Type: Antiproliferative immunosuppressant
Indications: prophylaxis of acute rejection in renal, hepatic or cardiac transplantation when used in combination with ciclosporin and corticosteroids Dose: Look up under transplant type Brands: CellCept, Myfortic |
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Basiliximab
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: prophylaxis of acute rejection in allogenic renal transplantation Dose: 20 mg within 2 hours before transplant surgery and 20 mg 4 days after surgery; withhold second dose if severe hypersensitivity or graft loss occurs Brands: Simulect |
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Ciclosporin
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: prevention of graft rejection following bone marrow, kidney, liver, pancreas, heart, lung, and heart-lung transplantation, and for prophylaxis and treatment of graft-versus-host disease, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis Dose: Look up under use Brands: Neoral, Sandimmun |
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Daclizumab
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: prophylaxis of acute rejection in allogenic renal transplantation Dose: 1 mg/kg within the 24-hour period before transplantation, then 1 mg/kg every 14 days for a total of 5 doses Brands: Zenapax |
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Sirolimus
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: renal transplantation Dose: Initially 6 mg, after surgery, then 2 mg once daily (dose adjusted according to blood-sirolimus concentration) in combination with ciclosporin and corticosteroid for 2–3 months (sirolimus given 4 hours after ciclosporin); ciclosporin should then be withdrawn over 4–8 weeks (if not possible, sirolimus should be discontinued and an alternate immunosuppressive regimen used) Brands: Rapamune |
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Tacrolimus
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: prophylaxis of organ rejection in liver, kidney, and heart allograft recipients and allograft rejection resistant to conventional immunosuppressive regimens, see also notes above; moderate to severe atopic eczema Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Prograf, Advagraf |
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|
Alemtuzumab
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: chronic lymphocytic leukaemia which has failed to respond to treatment with an alkylating drug, or which has remitted for only a short period (less than 6 months) following fludarabine treatment Brands: MabCampath |
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|
Rituximab
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: chemotherapy-resistant or relapsed stage III–IV follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and, in combination with other chemotherapy, for previously untreated stage III-IV follicular lymphoma Brands: MabThera |
|
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Interferon alfa
|
Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: chronic hepatitis B, and chronic hepatitis C ideally in combination with ribavirin Brands: IntronA, Roferon-A |
|
|
Peginterferon Alfa
|
Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: chronic hepatitis B, and chronic hepatitis C ideally in combination with ribavirin Brands: Pegasys, ViraferonPeg |
|
|
Interferon beta
|
Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: relapsing, remitting multiple sclerosis |
|
|
Aldesleukin
|
Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: metastatic renal cell carcinoma Brands: Proleukin |
|
|
BCG bladder instillation
|
Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: primary or recurrent bladder carcinoma and for the prevention of recurrence following transurethral resection, BCG immunisation Brands: ImmuCyst, OncoTICE |
|
|
Glatiramer acetate
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: reducing the frequency of relapses in ambulatory patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who have had at least 2 clinical relapses in the past 2 years Dose: 20 mg daily Brands: Copaxone |
|
|
Lenalidomide
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: multiple myeloma in patients who have received at least one previous therapy Dose: 25 mg once daily for 21 consecutive days of a 28-day cycle Brands: Revlimid |
|
|
Thalidomide
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: refractory myeloma and can delay progression of early disease |
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Natalizumab
|
Type: Immunosuppressant
Indications: highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis despite treatment with interferon beta or those with rapidly evolving severe relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Dose: 300 mg once every 4 weeks; discontinue if no response after 6 months Brands: Tysabri |
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Diethylstilbestrol
|
Type: Sex hormone
Indications: prostate cancer, Breast cancer Dose: - Breast cancer: 10–20 mg daily - Prostate cancer: 1–3 mg daily |
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Ethinylestradiol
|
Type: Sex hormone
Indications: prostate cancer Dose: 0.15–1.5 mg daily |
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Megestrol
|
Type: Sex hormone
Indications: endometrial cancer, Breast cancer Dose: - Breast cancer: 160 mg daily in single or divided doses - Endometrial cancer: 40–320 mg daily in divided doses Brands: Megace |
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Anastrozole
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: oestrogen-receptor-positive early invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women; adjuvant treatment of oestrogen-receptor-positive early breast cancer in postmenopausal women following 2–3 years of tamoxifen therapy; advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women which is oestrogen-receptor-positive or responsive to tamoxifen Dose: 1 mg daily Brands: Arimidex |
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Exemestane
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: oestrogen-receptor-positive early breast cancer in postmenopausal women following 2–3 years of tamoxifen therapy; advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women in whom anti-oestrogen therapy has failed Dose: 25 mg daily Brands: Aromasin |
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Fulvestrant
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: oestrogen-receptor-positive metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women in whom disease progresses or relapses while on, or after, other anti-oestrogen therapy Dose: 250 mg into gluteal muscle every 4 weeks Brands: Faslodex |
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Letrozole
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: oestrogen-receptor-positive early breast cancer in postmenopausal women; advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women (including those in whom other anti-oestrogen therapy has failed); early invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women after standard adjuvant tamoxifen therapy; pre-operative treatment in postmenopausal women with localised hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer to allow subsequent breast conserving surgery Dose: 2.5 mg daily Brands: Femara |
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Tamoxifen
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: Breast cancer, novulatory infertility Dose: - Breast cancer: 20 mg daily - Anovulatory infertility, 20 mg daily on days 2, 3, 4 and 5 of cycle; if necessary the daily dose may be increased to 40 mg then 80 mg for subsequent courses; if cycles irregular, start initial course on any day, with subsequent course starting 45 days later or on day 2 of cycle if menstruation occurs Brands: Nolvadex-D |
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Toremifene
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: hormone-dependent metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women Dose: 60 mg daily Brands: Fareston |
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Bicalutamide
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: locally advanced prostate cancer at high risk of disease progression, either alone or as adjuvant treatment to prostatectomy or radiotherapy; locally advanced, non-metastatic prostate cancer when surgical castration or other medical intervention inappropriate; advanced prostate cancer in combination with gonadorelin analogue or surgical castration Dose: - Locally advanced prostate cancer at high risk of disease progression: 150 mg once daily - Locally advanced, non-metastatic prostate cancer when surgical castration or other medical intervention inappropriate: 150 mg once daily - Advanced prostate cancer, in combination with gonadorelin analogue or surgical castration: 50 mg once daily (started at the same time as surgical castration or at least 3 days before gonadorelin therapy Brands: Casodex |
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Flutamide
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: advanced prostate cancer Dose: 250 mg 3 times daily Brands: Drogenil |
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Lanreotide
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: neuroendocrine (particularly carcinoid) tumours and acromegaly, thyroid tumours Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Somatuline LA, Somatuline Autogel |
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Octreotide
|
Type: Hormone antagonist
Indications: neuroendocrine (particularly carcinoid) tumours and acromegaly, complications following pancreatic surgery Dose: Look up under use Brands: Sandostatin Lar |
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Ferrous Sulphate
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Ironorm Drops, Feospan, Ferrograd |
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Ferrous Fumarate
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Fersaday, Fersamal, Galfer |
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Ferrous Gluconate
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia Dose: Prophylactic, 600mg daily before food; therapeutic, 800–1200mg daily in divided doses before food |
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Polysaccharide-Iron Complex
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia Dose: Prophylactic, 50mg daily; therapeutic, 100mg 1–2 times daily Brands: Niferex |
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Sodium Feredetate
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia Dose: Therapeutic, 27.5mg increasing gradually to 55mg 3 times daily Brands: Sytron |
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Iron dextran
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia, patients with chronic renal failure who are receiving haemodialysis Dose: consult product literature Brands: CosmoFer |
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Iron Sucrose
|
Type: Iron supplement
Indications: iron-deficiency anaemia, patients with chronic renal failure who are receiving haemodialysis Dose: consult product literature Brands: Venofer |
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Hydroxocobalamin
|
Type: Form of vitamin B12
Indications: pernicious anaemia and other macrocytic anaemias wit or without neurological involvement, Prophylaxis of macrocytic anaemias associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, Tobacco amblyopia and Leber’s optic atrophy Dose: Look up under condition |
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Cyanocobalamin
|
Type: Form of vitamin B12
Indications: vitamin B12 deficiency of dietary origin Dose: - By mouth: 50–150 micrograms or more daily taken between meals - By intramuscular injection, initially 1 mg repeated 10 times at intervals of 2–3 days, maintenance 1 mg every month |
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Folic Acid
|
Type: Haemological supplement
Indications: Folate-deficient megaloblastic anaemia, Prevention of neural tube defects, by mouth, Prevention of methotrexate-induced side-effects in rheumatic disease, Prophylaxis in chronic haemolytic states, Prophylaxis of folate deficiency in dialysis Dose: Look up under condition |
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Darbepoetin Alfa
|
Type: Erythropoetin
Indications: Symptomatic anaemia associated with chronic renal failure, Symptomatic anaemia in adults with non-myeloid malignancies receiving chemotherapy Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Aranesp |
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Epoetin Alfa, Beta and Delta
|
Type: Erythropoetins
Indications: Various forms of anaemia Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: - Alfa: Binocrit, Eprex - Beta: NeoRecormon - Delta: Dynepo |
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Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol Epoetin
|
Type: Erythropoetin
Indications: Symptomatic anaemia associated with chronic kidney disease Dose: Look up under epoetin treatment status Brands: Mircera |
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Deferasirox
|
Type: Iron chelator
Indications: chronic iron overload Dose: initially 10–30 mg/kg once daily according to serum-ferritin concentration and amount of transfused blood (consult product literature); maintenance, adjust dose every 3–6 months in steps of 5–10 mg/kg according to serum-ferritin concentration Brands: Exjade |
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Deferiprone
|
Type: Iron chelator
Indications: chronic iron overload Dose: 25 mg/kg 3 times daily Brands: Ferriprox |
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Desferrioxamine Mesilate
|
Type: Iron chelator
Indications: chronic iron overload, iron poisoning, aluminium overload Dose: Look up under overload type Brands: Desferal |
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Eculizumab
|
Type: Recombinant monoclonal antibody
Indications: Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria Dose: initially 600 mg once a week for 4 weeks, then 900 mg on week 5; maintenance, 900 mg once every 12–16 days by IV infusion Brands: Soliris |
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Anagrelide
|
Type: Platelet formation inhibitor
Indications: essential thrombocythaemia in patients at risk of thrombo-haemorrhagic events who have not responded adequately to other drugs or who cannot tolerate other drugs Dose: Initially 500 micrograms twice daily adjusted according to response in steps of 500 micrograms daily at weekly intervals to max. 10 mg daily (max. single dose 2.5 mg); usual dose range 1–3 mg daily in divided doses Brands: Xagrid |
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Filgrastim
|
Type: Unglycosylated rhG-CSF
Indications: reduction in duration of neutropenia and incidence of febrile neutropenia in cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignancy (except chronic myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes); reduction in duration of neutropenia (and associated sequelae) in myeloablative therapy followed by bone-marrow transplantation; mobilisation of peripheral blood progenitor cells for harvesting and subsequent autologous or allogeneic infusion; severe congenital neutropenia, cyclic neutropenia, or idiopathic neutropenia and history of severe or recurrent infections (distinguish carefully from other haematological disorders, consult product literature); persistent neutropenia in advanced HIV infection Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Neupogen |
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Lenograstim
|
Type: Glycosylated rhG-CSF
Indications: reduction in the duration of neutropenia and associated complications following bone-marrow transplantation for non-myeloid malignancy or following treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy associated with a significant incidence of febrile neutropenia; mobilisation of peripheral blood progenitor cells for harvesting and subsequent infusion Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Granocyte |
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Pegfilgrastim
|
Type: Glycosylated rhG-CSF
Indications: reduction in duration of neutropenia and incidence of febrile neutropenia in cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignancy (except chronic myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndromes) Dose: 6 mg (0.6 mL) for each chemotherapy cycle, starting 24 hours after chemotherapy Brands: Neulasta |
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Potassium Chloride
|
Type: Oral potassium
Indications: potassium depletion Dose: 2 to 4 g (approx. 25 to 50 mmol) daily (in divided doses) by mouth are suitable in patients taking a normal diet Brands: Kay-Cee-L, Kloref, Sando-K, Slow-K |
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Polystyrene Sulphonate Resins
|
Type: Sulphonate Resin
Indications: hyperkalaemia associated with anuria or severe oliguria, and in dialysis patients Dose: 15 g 3–4 times daily in water (not fruit squash which has a high potassium content) or as a paste Brands: Calcium Resonium, Resonium A |
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Oral Rehydration Salts
|
Type: Oral Rehydration Salts
Indications: fluid and electrolyte loss in diarrhoea Dose: According to fluid loss, usually 200–400 mL solution after every loose motion Brands: Dioralyte, Dioralyte Relief, Electrolade, Rapolyte |
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Potassium Bicarbonate
|
Type: Oral bicarbonate
Indications: hyperchloraemic acidosis associated with potassium deficiency |
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Cinacalcet
|
Type: Antithyroid drug
Indications: Secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis, Hypercalcaemia of parathyroid carcinoma Dose: - Secondary hyperparathyroidism: adult over 18 years, 30 mg once daily, adjusted every 2–4 weeks to max. 180 mg daily - Hypercalcaemia of parathyroid carcinoma: adult over 18 years, initially 30 mg twice daily, adjusted every 2–4 weeks according to response up to max. 90 mg 4 times daily Brands: Mimpara |
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Lanthanum
|
Type: Phosphate-binding agent
Indications: hyperphosphataemia in patients on haemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) Dose: initially 750 mg daily in divided doses chewed with or immediately after meals, adjusted according to plasma-phosphate concentration every 2–3 weeks (usual dose range 1.5–3 g daily in divided doses) Brands: Fosrenol |
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Sevelamer
|
Type: Phosphate-binding agent
Indications: hyperphosphataemia in patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis Dose: initially 2.4–4.8 g daily in 3 divided doses with meals, then adjusted according to plasma-phosphate concentration (usual dose range 2.4–12 g daily in 3 divided doses) Brands: Renagel |
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Zinc Sulphate
|
Type: Zinc supplement
Indications: zinc deficiency or supplementation in zinc-losing conditions Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Solvazinc |
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Selenium
|
Type: Selenium supplement
Indications: selenium deficiency Dose: 100–500 micrograms daily Brands: Selenase |
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Vitamin A
|
Type: Vitamin
Indications: Vitamin A deficiency Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Halibut-liver Oil, Vitamins A and D, Halycitrol, Healthy Start Children’s Vitamin Drops |
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Thiamine
|
Type: Vitamin B
Indications: Wernicke’s encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s psychosis, especially as seen in chronic alcoholism Dose: Mild chronic deficiency, 10–25 mg daily; severe deficiency, 200–300 mg daily Brands: Pabrinex |
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Pyridoxine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Vitamin B
Indications: Deficiency states, Isoniazid neuropathy, Idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia, Premenstrual syndrome, Dose: - Deficiency states: 20–50 mg up to 3 times daily - Isoniazid neuropathy: prophylaxis 10 mg daily [or 20 mg daily if suitable product not available]; therapeutic, 50 mg three times daily - Idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia: 100–400 mg daily in divided doses - Premenstrual syndrome: 50–100 mg daily |
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Nicotinamide
|
Type: Vitamin B
Indications: acne vulgaris, Deficiency of the B vitamins, Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Nicam |
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Vitamin B Tablets, Compound
|
Type: Vitamin B
Indications: Vitamin B deficiency Dose: Prophylactic, 1–2 tablets daily |
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Potassium aminobenzoate
|
Type: Vitamin B
Indications: Peyronie’s disease, scleroderma Dose: 12 g daily in divided doses after food Brands: Potaba |
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Ascorbic acid
|
Type: Vitamin C
Indications: scurvy, Vitamin C deficiency Dose: Prophylactic, 25–75 mg daily; therapeutic, not less than 250 mg daily in divided doses |
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Ergocalciferol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: Vitamin D deficiency caused by intestinal malabsorption or chronic liver disease Dose: 1 mg (40 000 units) daily |
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Alfacalcidol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: vitamin D deficiency Dose: initially 1 microgram daily (elderly 500 nanograms), adjusted to avoid hypercalcaemia; maintenance, usually 0.25–1 microgram daily Brands: One-Alpha |
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Calcitriol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: renal osteodystrophy, Established postmenopausal osteoporosis, Moderate to severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Rocaltrol, Calcijex |
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Colecalciferol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: vitamin D deficiency Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Adcal-D3, Cacit D3, Calceos, Calcichew-D3, Calcichew-D3 Forte, Calfovit D3, Natecal D3 |
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Dihydrotachychysterol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: Acute, chronic, and latent forms of hypocalcaemic tetany due to hypoparathyroidism Dose: Consult product literature Brands: AT 10 |
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Paricalcitol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic renal failure in patients on haemodialysis Dose: Consult product literature Brands: Zemplar |
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Alpha Tocopheryl Acetate
|
Type: Vitamin E
Indications: Vitamin E malabsorption Dose: - Malabsorption in cystic fibrosis: 100–200 mg daily - Malabsorption in abetalipoproteinaemia: 50–100 mg/kg daily Brands: Vitamin E Suspension |
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Menadiol Sodium Phosphate
|
Type: Vitamin K
Indications: vitamin K deficiency in malabsorption syndromes Dose: 10–40 mg daily, adjusted as necessary |
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Alkaline Gentian
|
Type: Bitters and tonics
Indications: loss of appetite Dose: 10 mL 3 times daily in water before meals Brands: Gentian Mixture, Alkaline, BP |
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Penicillamine
|
Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: Severe active rheumatoid arthritis, Wilson’s disease, autoimmune hepatitis, and cystinuria Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Distamine |
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Trientine Dihydrochloride
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: Wilson’s disease in patients intolerant of penicillamine Dose: 1.2–2.4 g daily in 2–4 divided doses before food |
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Zinc Acetate
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: Wilson’s disease Dose: 50 mg 3 times daily (max. 50 mg 5 times daily), adjusted according to response Brands: Wilzin |
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Carnitine
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: primary and secondary carnitine deficiency Dose: - Primary deficiency: by mouth, up to 200 mg/kg daily in 2–4 divided doses; higher doses of up to 400 mg/kg daily occasionally required; by intravenous injection over 2–3 minutes, up to 100 mg/kg daily in 3–4 divided doses - Secondary deficiency: by intravenous injection over 2–3 minutes, 20 mg/kg after each dialysis session (dosage adjusted according to carnitine concentration); maintenance, by mouth, 1 g daily Brands: Carnitor |
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Agalsidase alfa and beta
|
Type: Enzyme replacement therapy
Indications: Fabry’s disease Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Fabrazyme, Replagal |
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Imiglucerase
|
Type: Enzyme replacement therapy
Indications: non-neurological manifestations of type I or type III Gaucher’s disease Dose: By intravenous infusion, initially 60 units/kg once every 2 weeks (2.5 units/kg 3 times a week or 15 units/kg once every 2 weeks may improve haematological parameters and organomegaly, but not bone parameters); maintenance, adjust dose according to response Brands: Cerezyme |
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Miglustat
|
Type: Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor
Indications: mild to moderate type I Gaucher’s disease Dose: 100 mg 3 times daily; reduced if not tolerated to 100 mg 1–2 times daily Brands: Zavesca |
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Galsulfase
|
Type: Enzyme replacement therapy
Indications: mucopolysaccharidosis VI Dose: 1 mg/kg once weekly Brands: Naglazyme |
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Idursulfase
|
Type: Enzyme replacement therapy
Indications: mucopolysaccharidosis II Dose: 500 micrograms/kg once weekly Brands: Elaprase |
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Laronidase
|
Type: Enzyme replacement therapy
Indications: non-neurological manifestations of mucopolysaccharidosis I Dose: 100 units/kg once weekl Brands: Aldurazyme |
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Mercaptamine
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: nephropathic cystinosis Dose: Initial doses should be one-sixth to one-quarter of the expected maintenance dose, increased gradually over 4–6 weeks. Maintenance: 2 g daily in 4 divided doses Brands: Cystagon |
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Alglucosidase alfa
|
Type: Enzyme replacement therapy
Indications: Pompe disease Dose: 20 mg/kg every 2 weeks Brands: Myozyme |
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Nitisinone
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: hereditary tyrosinaemia type I Dose: initially 500 micrograms/kg twice daily, adjusted according to response; max. 2 mg/kg daily Brands: Orfadin |
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Carglumic acid
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: hyperammonaemia due to N-acetylglutamate synthase deficiency Dose: initially 100 mg/kg daily in 2–4 divided doses immediately before food (max. 250 mg/kg daily), adjusted according to plasma–ammonia concentration; maintenance 10–100 mg/kg daily in 2–4 divided doses Brands: Carbaglu |
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Sodium phenylbutyrate
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: adjunct in long-term treatment of urea cycle disorders Dose: 9.9–13 g/m2 daily in divided doses with meals (max. 20 g daily) Brands: Ammonaps |
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Betaine
|
Type: Drug used in metabolic disorders
Indications: adjunctive treatment of homocystinuria Dose: 3 g twice daily; max. 20 g/day Brands: Cystadane |
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Haem arginate
|
Type: Haem replacement therapy
Indications: acute porphyrias (acute intermittent porphyria, porphyria variegata, hereditary coproporphyria) Dose: 3 mg/kg once daily Brands: Normosang |
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Aceclofenac
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis Dose: 100 mg twice daily Brands: Preservex |
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Acemetacin
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders; post-operative analgesia Dose: 120 mg daily in divided doses with food, increased if necessary to 180 mg daily Brands: Emflex |
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Azapropazone
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: Look up under CSM restrictions Dose: - Rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: 1.2 g daily in 2 or 4 divided doses; elderly over 60 years, 300 mg twice daily - Acute gout: 1.8 g daily in divided doses until acute symptoms subside (usually by day 4) then 1.2 g daily in divided doses until symptoms resolve—consider alternative therapy if symptoms persist Brands: Rheumox |
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Celecoxib
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis Dose: - Osteoarthritis: 200 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses, increased if necessary to max. 200 mg twice daily - Rheumatoid arthritis: 100 mg twice daily, increased if necessary to 200 mg twice daily - Ankylosing spondylitis: 200 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses, increased if necessary to max. 400 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses Brands: Celebrex |
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Dexibuprofen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders; mild to moderate pain and inflammation including dysmenorrhoea and dental pain Dose: 600–900 mg daily in up to 3 divided doses; increased if necessary to max. 1.2 g daily (900 mg daily for dysmenorrhoea); max. single dose 400 mg (300 mg for dysmenorrhoea) Brands: Seractil |
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Dexketoprofen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: short-term treatment of mild to moderate pain including dysmenorrhoea Dose: 12.5 mg every 4–6 hours or 25 mg every 8 hours; max. 75 mg daily Brands: Keral |
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Diclofenac Sodium
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease (including juvenile idiopathic arthritis) and other musculoskeletal disorders; acute gout; postoperative pain Dose: 75–150 mg daily in 2–3 divided doses Brands: Dyloject, Voltarol, Voltarol Rapid, Diclomax SR, Diclomax Retard, Motifene 75 mg, Voltarol 75 mg SR, Voltarol Retard, Arthrotec |
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Etodolac
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis Dose: 600 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses Brands: Etopan XL, Lodine SR |
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Etoricoxib
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and in rheumatoid arthritis; acute gout Dose: - Osteoarthritis: 30 mg once daily, increased if necessary to 60 mg once daily - Rheumatoid arthritis: 90 mg once daily - Acute gout: 120 mg once daily for max. 8 days Brands: Arcoxia |
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Fenbufen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders Dose: 300 mg in the morning and 600 mg at bed-time or 450 mg twice daily Brands: Lederfen |
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Fenoprofen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders; mild to moderate pain Dose: 300–600 mg 3–4 times daily with food; max. 3 g daily Brands: Fenopron |
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Flurbiprofen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders; mild to moderate pain including dysmenorrhoea; migraine; postoperative analgesia; sore throat Dose: - 150–200 mg daily in 2–4 divided doses, increased in acute conditions to 300 mg daily - Dysmenorrhoea: initially 100 mg, then 50–100 mg every 4–6 hours; max. 300 mg daily Brands: Froben, Froben SR, Strefen |
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Ibuprofen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease (including juvenile idiopathic arthritis) and other musculoskeletal disorders; mild to moderate pain including dysmenorrhoea; postoperative analgesia; migraine; dental pain; fever and pain in children; post-immunisation pyrexia Dose: initially 300–400 mg 3–4 times daily; increased if necessary to max. 2.4 g daily; maintenance dose of 0.6–1.2 g daily may be adequate Brands: Brufen, Brufen Retard, Fenbid |
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Ketoprofen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and mild inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders, and after orthopaedic surgery; acute gout; dysmenorrhoea Dose: - rheumatic disease: 100–200 mg daily in 2–4 divided doses - Pain and dysmenorrhoea: 50 mg up to 3 times daily Brands: Orudis, Oruvail, |
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Mefenamic Acid
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; postoperative pain; mild to moderate pain; dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia Dose: 500 mg 3 times daily Brands: Ponstan |
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Meloxicam
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease; exacerbation of osteoarthritis (short-term); ankylosing spondylitis Dose: - osteoarthritis: 7.5 mg daily, increased if necessary to max. 15 mg once daily - Rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis: 15 mg once daily, may be reduced to 7.5 mg daily Brands: Mobic |
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Nabumetone
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis Dose: 1 g at night; severe or persistent symptoms 0.5–1 g in morning and 1 g at night Brands: Relifex |
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Naproxen
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease (including juvenile idiopathic arthritis) and other musculoskeletal disorders; dysmenorrhoea; acute gout Dose: - Rheumatic disease: 0.5–1 g daily in 1–2 divided doses; child 2–18 years, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, 5 mg/kg twice daily (max. 1 g daily) - Acute musculoskeletal disorders and dysmenorrhoea, 500 mg initially, then 250 mg every 6–8 hours as required; max. dose after first day 1.25 g daily - Acute gout: 750 mg initially, then 250 mg every 8 hours until attack has passed Brands: Naprosyn, Synflex, Napratec |
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Piroxicam
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease (including juvenile idiopathic arthritis) and other musculoskeletal disorders; acute gout Dose: - rheumatic disease: initially 20 mg daily, increased if necessary to 30 mg daily in single or divided doses; child (over 6 years), juvenile idiopathic arthritis, under 15 kg, 5 mg daily; 16–25 kg, 10 mg; 26–45 kg, 15 mg; over 46 kg, 20 mg - Acute musculoskeletal disorders: 40 mg daily in single or divided doses for 2 days, then 20 mg daily for 7–14 days - Acute gout: 40 mg initially, then 40 mg daily in single or divided doses for 4–6 days Brands: Brexidol, Feldene |
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Sulindac
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders; acute gout Dose: 200 mg twice daily (may be reduced according to response); max. 400 mg daily; acute gout should respond within 7 days; limit treatment of peri-articular disorders to 7–10 days Brands: Clinoril |
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Tenoxicam
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders Dose: - Rheumatic disease: 20 mg daily - Acute musculoskeletal disorders: 20 mg daily for 7 days (max. 14 days) Brands: Mobiflex |
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Tiaprofenic Acid
|
Type: NSAID
Indications: pain and inflammation in rheumatic disease and other musculoskeletal disorders Dose: 300 mg twice daily Brands: Surgam |
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|
Sodium aurothiomalate
|
Type: Gold
Indications: active progressive rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis Dose: test dose of 10 mg must be given followed by doses of 50 mg at weekly intervals until there is definite evidence of remission. Benefit is not to be expected until about 300–500 mg has been given; it should be discontinued if there is no remission after 1 g has been given. Brands: Myocrisin |
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Auranofin
|
Type: Gold
Indications: active progressive rheumatoid arthritis Dose: 6 mg daily (initially in 2 divided doses then if tolerated as single dose), if response inadequate after 6 months, increase to 9 mg daily (in 3 divided doses), discontinue if no response after a further 3 months Brands: Ridaura |
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Leflunomide
|
Type: DMARD
Indications: moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis; active psoriatic arthritis Dose: Arava - Rheumatoid arthritis: initially 100 mg once daily for 3 days, then 10–20 mg once daily - Psoriatic arthritis: initially 100 mg once daily for 3 days, then 20 mg once daily Brands: |
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Abatacept
|
Type: Cytokine Modulator
Indications: severe active rheumatoid arthritis in combination with methotrexate, in patients unresponsive or intolerant to other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs Dose: body-weight less than 60 kg, 500 mg, repeated 2 weeks and 4 weeks after initial infusion, then every 4 weeks; body-weight 60–100 kg, 750 mg repeated 2 weeks and 4 weeks after initial infusion, then every 4 weeks; body-weight over 100 kg, 1 g repeated 2 weeks and 4 weeks after initial infusion, then every 4 weeks Brands: Orencia |
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Anakinra
|
Type: Cytokine Modulator
Indications: rheumatoid arthritis which has not responded to methotrexate alone Dose: 100 mg once daily Brands: Kineret |
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Etanercept
|
Type: Cytokine Modulator
Indications: severe, active and progressive rheumatoid arthritis in patients not previously treated with methotrexate; psoriasis Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Enbrel |
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Colchicine
|
Type: Anti-mitotic
Indications: acute gout, short-term prophylaxis during initial therapy with allopurinol and uricosuric drugs; prophylaxis of familial Mediterranean fever (recurrent polyserositis) Dose: - Treatment of gout: 500 micrograms 2–4 times daily until symptoms relieved, max. 6 mg per course; course not to be repeated within 3 days - Prevention of gout attacks during initial treatment with allopurinol or uricosuric drugs: 500 micrograms twice daily - Prophylaxis of familial Mediterranean fever [unlicensed]: 0.5–2 mg daily |
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Allopurinol
|
Type: Xanthine-oxidase inhibitor
Indications: prophylaxis of gout and of uric acid and calcium oxalate renal stones; prophylaxis of hyperuricaemia associated with cancer chemotherapy Dose: Initially 100 mg daily, preferably after food, then adjusted according to plasma or urinary uric acid concentration; usual maintenance dose in mild conditions 100–200 mg daily, in moderately severe conditions 300–600 mg daily, in severe conditions 700–900 mg daily; doses over 300 mg daily given in divided doses; child under 15 years, (in neoplastic conditions, enzyme disorders) 10–20 mg/kg daily (max. 400 mg daily) Brands: Zyloric |
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Probenecid
|
Type: Uricosuric
Indications: prevention of nephrotoxicity associated with cidofovir Dose: See with cidofovir |
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Sulfinpyrazone
|
Type: Uricosuric
Indications: gout prophylaxis, hyperuricaemia Dose: Initially 100–200 mg daily with food (or milk) increasing over 2–3 weeks to 600 mg daily (rarely 800 mg daily), continued until serum uric acid concentration normal then reduced for maintenance (maintenance dose may be as low as 200 mg daily) Brands: Anturan |
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Rasburicase
|
Type: Anti-hyperuricaemic
Indications: prophylaxis and treatment of acute hyperuricaemia with initial chemotherapy for haematological malignancy Dose: 200 micrograms/kg once daily for up to 7 days according to plasma-uric acid concentration Brands: Fasturtec |
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Glucosamine
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Type: Anti-rheumatic
Indications: symptomatic relief of mild to moderate osteoarthritis of the knee Dose: 1.25 g once daily; review treatment if no benefit after 2–3 months Brands: Alateris |
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Neostigmine
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Type: Anticholinesterase
Indications: myasthenia gravis, Reversal of non-depolarising neuromuscular blockade Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Robinul-Neostigmine |
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Edrophonium Chloride
|
Type: Anticholinesterase
Indications: Diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, Detection of overdosage or underdosage of cholinergic drugs, reversal of non-depolarising neuromuscular blockade and diagnosis of dual block Dose: Look up under reason for use |
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Pyridostigmine Bromide
|
Type: Anticholinesterase
Indications: myasthenia gravis Dose: 30–120 mg at suitable intervals throughout day, total daily dose 0.3–1.2 g (but see also notes above); neonate 5–10 mg every 4 hours, 30–60 minutes before feeds Brands: Mestinon |
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Baclofen
|
Type: Skeletal muscle relaxants
Indications: chronic severe spasticity resulting from disorders such as multiple sclerosis or traumatic partial section of spinal cord Dose: 5 mg 3 times daily, preferably with or after food, gradually increased; max. 100 mg daily (discontinue if no benefit within 6 weeks) Brands: Lioresal |
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Dantrolene Sodium
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Type: Skeletal muscle relaxants
Indications: chronic severe spasticity of voluntary muscle; malignant hyperthermia Dose: Look up under condition Brands: Dantrium |
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Tizanidine
|
Type: Skeletal muscle relaxants
Indications: spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury or disease Dose: initially 2 mg daily as a single dose increased according to response at intervals of at least 3–4 days in steps of 2 mg daily (and given in divided doses) usually up to 24 mg daily in 3–4 divided doses; max. 36 mg daily Brands: Zanaflex |
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Hyaluronidase
|
Type: Enzyme
Indications: enhance permeation of subcutaneous or intramuscular injections, local anaesthetics and subcutaneous infusions; promote resorption of excess fluids and blood Dose: - With subcutaneous or intramuscular injection: 1500 units dissolved directly in solution to be injected (ensure compatibility) - With local anaesthetics: 1500 units mixed with local anaesthetic solution (ophthalmology, 15 units/mL) - Hypodermoclysis: 1500 units dissolved in 1 mL water for injections or 0.9% sodium chloride injection, administered before start of 500–1000 mL infusion fluid - Extravasation or haematoma: 1500 units dissolved in 1 mL water for injections or 0.9% sodium chloride injection, infiltrated into affected area (as soon as possible after extravasation) Brands: Hyalase |
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Capsaicin
|
Type: Rubefacient
Indications: symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis Brands: Zacin, Axsain |
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Chloramphenicol
|
Type: Ocular antibacterial
Indications: superficial eye infections Dose: Apply 1 drop at least every 2 hours then reduce frequency as infection is controlled and continue for 48 hours after healing Brands: Chloromycetin, Minims Chloramphenicol |
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Ciprofloxacin
|
Type: Ocular antibacterial
Indications: superficial bacterial infections, corneal ulcers Dose: - Superficial bacterial infection: Apply 1 drop at least every 2 hours then reduce frequency as infection is controlled and continue for 48 hours after healing - Corneal ulcer, apply eye drops throughout day and night, day 1 apply every 15 minutes for 6 hours then every 30 minutes, day 2 apply every hour, days 3–14 apply every 4 hours (max. duration of treatment 21 days). Apply eye ointment throughout day and night; apply 1.25 cm ointment every 1-2 hours for 2 days then every 4 hours for next 12 days Brands: Ciloxan |
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Fusidic acid
|
Type: Ocular antibacterial
Indications: staphylococcal infections Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Fucithalmic |
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Antazoline Sulphate
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: allergic conjunctivitis Dose: apply 2–3 times daily Brands: Otrivine-Antistin |
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Azelastine Hydrochloride
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Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: allergic conjunctivitis Dose: - Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis: apply twice daily, increased if necessary to 4 times daily - Perennial conjunctivitis: apply twice daily, increased if necessary to 4 times daily; max. duration of treatment 6 weeks Brands: Optilast |
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Emedastine
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: seasonal allergic conjunctivitis Dose: Apply BD Brands: Emadine |
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Epinastine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: seasonal allergic conjunctivitis Dose: apply twice daily; max. duration of treatment 8 weeks Brands: Relestat |
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Ketotifen
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: seasonal allergic conjunctivitis Dose: Apply BD Brands: Zaditen |
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Lodoxamide
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: allergic conjunctivitis Dose: apply 4 times daily Brands: Alomide |
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Nedocromil Sodium
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: allergic conjunctivitis; seasonal keratoconjunctivitis Dose: - Seasonal and perennial conjunctivitis: apply twice daily increased if necessary to 4 times daily; max. 12 weeks treatment for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis - Seasonal keratoconjunctivitis: apply 4 times daily Brands: Rapitil |
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Olopatadine
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Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: seasonal allergic conjunctivitis Dose: apply twice daily; max. duration of treatment 4 months Brands: Opatanol |
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Sodium cromoglycate
|
Type: Ocular anti-inflammatory
Indications: allergic conjunctivitis; seasonal keratoconjunctivitis Dose: apply QDS |
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Cyclopentolate
|
Type: Mydriatic
Indications: facilitation of examination of the fundus of the eye Brands: Mydrilate, Minims |
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Homatropine Hydrobromide
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Type: Cycloplegic
Indications: anterior segment inflammation |
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Tropicamide
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Type: Mydriatic
Indications: facilitation of examination of the fundus of the eye Brands: Mydriacyl, Minims |
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Betaxolol Hydrochloride
|
Type: Beta-blocker
Indications: primary open-angle glaucoma Dose: Apply BD Brands: Betoptic |
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Carteolol Hydrochloride
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Type: Beta-blocker
Indications: primary open-angle glaucoma Dose: Apply BD Brands: Teoptic |
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Levobunolol Hydrochloride
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Type: Beta-blocker
Indications: primary open-angle glaucoma Dose: Apply once or twice daily Brands: Betagan |
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Metipranolol
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Type: Beta-blocker
Indications: primary open-angle glaucoma Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Minims |
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Timolol Maleate
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Type: Beta-blocker
Indications: primary open-angle glaucoma Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Timoptol, Nyogel, Timoptol-LA |
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Bimatoprost
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Type: Prostaglandin analogue
Indications: raised intra-ocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma; ocular hypertension Dose: Apply once daily, preferably in the evening Brands: Lumigan, Ganfort |
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Latanoprost
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Type: Prostaglandin analogue
Indications: raised intra-ocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma; ocular hypertension Dose: Apply once daily, preferably in the evening Brands: Xalatan, Xalacom |
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Travoprost
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Type: Prostaglandin analogue
Indications: raised intra-ocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma; ocular hypertension Dose: Apply once daily, preferably in the evening Brands: Travatan, DuoTrav |
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Brimonidine Tartrate
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Type: Sympathomimetic
Indications: reduction of intra-ocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension in patients for whom beta-blockers are inappropriate; it may also be used as adjunctive therapy when intra-ocular pressure is inadequately controlled by other antiglaucoma therapy Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Alphagan, Combigan |
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Dipivefrine Hydrochloride
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Type: Sympathomimetic
Indications: Glaucoma Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Propine |
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Brinzolamide
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Type: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Indications: adjunct to beta-blockers or used alone in raised intra-ocular pressure in ocular hypertension and in open-angle glaucoma if beta-blocker alone inadequate or inappropriate Dose: Apply twice daily increased to 3 times daily if necessary Brands: Azopt |
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Dorzolamide
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Type: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Indications: raised intra-ocular pressure in ocular hypertension, open-angle glaucoma, pseudo-exfoliative glaucoma either as adjunct to beta-blocker or used alone in patients unresponsive to beta-blockers or if beta-blockers contra-indicated Dose: - Used alone: apply 3 times daily - With topical beta-blocker: apply twice daily Brands: Trusopt, Cosopt |
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Pilocarpine
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Type: Miotic
Indications: management of raised intra-ocular pressure Dose: Apply up to 4 times daily Brands: Pilogel, Minims |
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Oxybuprocaine Hydrochloride
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Type: Ocular anaethetic
Indications: local anaesthetic Brands: Minims |
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Proxymetacaine Hydrochloride
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Type: Ocular anaethetic
Indications: local anaesthetic Brands: Minims |
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Tetracaine Hydrochloride
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Type: Ocular anaethetic
Indications: local anaesthetic Brands: Minims |
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Acetylcysteine
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Type: Mucolytic
Indications: tear deficiency, impaired or abnormal mucus production Dose: Apply 3–4 times daily Brands: Ilube |
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Carbomers
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Type: Artificial Tears
Indications: dry eyes including keratoconjunctivitis sicca, unstable tear film Dose: Apply 3–4 times daily or as required Brands: GelTears, Liposic, Liquivisc, Viscotears |
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Carmellose Sodium
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Type: Ocular lubricant
Indications: dry eye conditions Dose: Apply as required Brands: Celluvisc |
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Hydroxyethylcellulose
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Type: Artificial Tears
Indications: tear deficiency Brands: Minims |
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Hypromellose
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Type: Artificial Tears
Indications: tear deficiency Brands: Isopto Alkaline, Isopto Plain, Tears Naturale, Artelac SDU |
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Liquid Paraffin
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Type: Ocular lubricant
Indications: dry eye conditions Brands: Lacri-Lube, Lubri-Tears |
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Yellow Soft Paraffin
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Type: Ocular lubricant
Indications: dry eye conditions Brands: Simple Eye Ointment |
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Polyvinyl Alcohol
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Type: Artificial Tears
Indications: tear deficiency Brands: Liquifilm Tears, Sno Tears |
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Povidone
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Type: Ocular Lubricant
Indications: dry eye conditions Dose: Apply 4 times daily or as required Brands: Oculotect |
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Sodium Hyaluronate
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Type: Ocular Lubricant
Indications: dry eye conditions Dose: Apply 3 times daily or as required Brands: Hycosan |
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Fluorescein sodium
|
Type: Ocular diagnostic preparation
Indications: detection of lesions and foreign bodies Brands: Minims |
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Acetylcholine
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Type: Alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist
Indications: cataract surgery, penetrating keratoplasty, iridectomy, and other anterior segment surgery requiring rapid complete miosis Brands: Miochol-E |
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Apraclonidine
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Type: Alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist
Indications: control of intra-ocular pressure Dose: apply 1 drop 3 times daily usually for max. 1 month Brands: Iopidine |
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Pegaptanib Sodium
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Type: Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors
Indications: neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration Dose: 300 micrograms once every 6 weeks into the affected eye Brands: Macugen |
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Ranibizumab
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Type: Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors
Indications: neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration Dose: initially 500 micrograms once a month for 3 months into the affected eye, thereafter monitor visual acuity once a month; if necessary subsequent doses may be given at least 1 month apart Brands: Lucentis |
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Verteporfin
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Type: Ocular photodynamic therapy
Indications: age-related macular degeneration associated with predominantly classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation or with pathological myopia Dose: By intravenous infusion over 10 minutes, 6 mg/m2 Brands: Visudyne |
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Aluminium Acetate
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Type: Astringent preparation
Indications: inflammation in otitis externa Dose: Insert into meatus or apply on a ribbon gauze dressing or sponge wick which should be kept saturated with the ear drops |
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Clioquinol
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Type: Anti-infective preparation
Indications: mild bacterial or fungal infections in otitis externa Brands: Locorten-Vioform |
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Clotrimazole
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Type: Anti-infective preparation
Indications: fungal infection in otitis externa Brands: Canesten |
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Framycetin Sulphate
|
Type: Anti-infective preparation
Indications: bacterial infection in otitis externa Brands: Sofradex |
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Flunisolide
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Type: Corticosteroid
Indications: prophylaxis and treatment of allergic rhinitis Dose: 50 micrograms (2 sprays) into each nostril twice daily, increased if necessary to max. 3 times daily then reduced for maintenance Brands: Syntaris |
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Xylometazoline Hydrochloride
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Type: Sympathomimetic
Indications: nasal congestion Dose: Look up under formulation Brands: Otradrops, Otrivine, Tixycolds, Otraspray |
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Benzydamine Hydrochloride
|
Type: Anti-inflammatory
Indications: painful inflammatory conditions of oropharynx Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Difflam |
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Miconazole
|
Type: Antifungal
Indications: Prevention and treatment of oral and intestinal fungal infections Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Daktarin, Loramyc |
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Chlorhexidine Gluconate
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Type: Oral anti-infective
Indications: Oral hygiene and plaque inhibition, oral candidiasis, gingivitis, and management of aphthous ulcers, Denture stomatitis Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Chlorohex, Corsodyl, Eludril |
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Hexetidine
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Type: Oral anti-infective
Indications: oral hygiene Brands: Oraldene |
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Hydrogen Peroxide
|
Type: Oral anti-infective
Indications: acute ulcerative gingivitis (Vincent’s infection), oral hygeine Dose: Rinse the mouth for 2–3 minutes with 15 mL diluted in half a tumblerful of warm water 2–3 times daily Brands: Peroxyl |
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Thymol
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Type: Oral anti-infective
Indications: oral hygiene Dose: Dissolve 1 tablet in a tumblerful of warm water and use as a mouthwash Brands: Mouthwash Solution-tablets |
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Cromamiton
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Type: Antipruritic
Indications: pruritus Dose: apply 2–3 times daily Brands: Eurax |
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Alclometasone Diproprionate
|
Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: inflammatory skin disorders such as eczemas Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily Brands: Modrasone |
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Clobetasol Proprionate
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Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: short-term treatment only of severe resistant inflammatory skin disorders such as recalcitrant eczemas unresponsive to less potent corticosteroids; psoriasis Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily for up to 4 weeks; max. 50 g of 0.05% preparation per week Brands: Clarelux, Dermovate, Etrivex |
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Clobetasone Butyrate
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Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: eczemas and dermatitis of all types; maintenance between courses of more potent corticosteroids Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily Brands: Eumovate, Trimovate |
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Diflucortolone Valerate
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Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: severe inflammatory skin disorders such as eczemas unresponsive to less potent corticosteroids; high strength (0.3%), short-term treatment of severe exacerbations; psoriasis Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily for up to 4 weeks (0.1% preparations) or 2 weeks (0.3% preparations), reducing strength as condition responds; max. 60 g of 0.3% per week Brands: Nerisone, Nerisone Forte |
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Fludroxycortide
|
Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: inflammatory skin disorders such as eczemas Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily Brands: Haelan |
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Fluocinolone Acetonide
|
Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: inflammatory skin disorders such as eczemas; psoriasis Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily, reducing strength as condition responds Brands: Synalar, Synalar C, Synalar N |
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Fluocinonide
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Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: severe inflammatory skin disorders such as eczemas unresponsive to less potent corticosteroids; psoriasis Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily Brands: Metosyn |
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Fluocortolone
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Type: Topical corticosteroid
Indications: severe inflammatory skin disorders such as eczemas unresponsive to less potent corticosteroids; psoriasis Dose: Apply thinly 1–2 times daily, reducing strength as condition responds Brands: Ultralanum Plain |
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Ichthammol
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Type: Anti-pruritic
Indications: chronic lichenified eczema Dose: Apply 1–3 times daily |
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Calcipotriol
|
Type: Vitamin D
Indications: plaque psoriasis Dose: Cream or ointment apply once or twice daily; max. 100 g weekly Brands: Dovonex, Dovobet |
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Tacalcitol
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Type: Vitamin D
Indications: plaque psoriasis Dose: apply once daily preferably at bedtime; max. 10 g ointment or 10 mL lotion daily Brands: Curatoderm |
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Tazarotene
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Type: Topical preparation for psoriasis
Indications: mild to moderate plaque psoriasis affecting up to 10% of skin area Dose: Apply once daily in the evening usually for up to 12 weeks Brands: Zorac |
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Tars
|
Type: Topical preparation for psoriasis
Indications: psoriasis and occasionally chronic atopic eczema Dose: Apply 1–3 times daily starting with low-strength preparations Brands: Calamine and Coal Tar Ointment, BP, Coal Tar and Salicylic Acid Ointment, BP, Coal Tar Paste, BP, Zinc and Coal Tar Paste, BP, Carbo-Dome, Clinitar, Cocois, Exorex, Psoriderm, Sebco, Pinetarsol, Polytar Emollient, Alphosyl HC |
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Dithranol
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Type: Topical preparation for psoriasis
Indications: subacute and chronic psoriasis Dose: should be applied to chronic extensor plaques only, carefully avoiding normal skin. Dithranol is not generally suitable for widespread small lesions nor should it be used in the flexures or on the face. Treatment should be started with a low concentration such as dithranol 0.1%, and the strength increased gradually every few days up to 3%, according to tolerance Brands: Dithrocream, Micanol, Psorin |
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Salicylic acid
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Type: Topical preparation for psoriasis
Indications: hyperkeratotic skin disorders; acne; warts and calluses; scalp conditions; fungal nail infections Dose: Look up under conditions Brands: Zinc and Salicylic Acid Paste, BP |
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Acitretin
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Type: Topical preparation for psoriasis
Indications: severe extensive psoriasis resistant to other forms of therapy; palmoplantar pustular psoriasis; severe congenital ichthyosis; severe Darier’s disease (keratosis follicularis) Dose: Under expert supervision, initially 25–30 mg daily (Darier’s disease 10 mg daily) for 2–4 weeks, then adjusted according to response, usual range 25–50 mg daily; up to 75 mg daily for short periods in psoriasis and ichthyosis Brands: Neotigason |
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Pimecrolimus
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Type: Immunomodulator
Indications: short-term treatment of mild to moderate atopic eczema (including flares) when topical corticosteroids cannot be used Dose: Apply twice daily until symptoms resolve (stop treatment if eczema worsens or no response after 6 weeks) Brands: Elidel |
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Benzoyl peroxide
|
Type: Topical preparation for acne
Indications: acne vulgaris Dose: Apply 1–2 times daily preferably after washing with soap and water, start treatment with lower-strength preparations Brands: Acnecide, Brevoxyl, PanOxyl, Duac Once Daily, Quinoderm |
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Azelaic acid
|
Type: Topical preparation for acne
Indications: Facial acne vulgaris, Papulopustular rosacea, acne vulgaris Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Finacea, Skinoren |
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Adapalene
|
Type: Topical retinoid-like drug
Indications: mild to moderate acne Dose: Apply thinly once daily before retiring Brands: Differin |
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Co-cyprindiol
|
Type: Anti-androgen
Indications: severe acne in women refractory to prolonged oral antibacterial therapy; moderately severe hirsutism Dose: 1 tablet daily for 21 days starting on day 1 of menstrual cycle and repeated after a 7-day interval, usually for several months; withdraw 3–4 months after acne or hirsutism completely resolved (repeat courses may be given if recurrence); long-term treatment may be necessary for severe symptoms Brands: Dianette |
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Formaldehyde
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Type: Topical wart treatment
Indications: warts, particularly plantar warts Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Veracur |
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Gluteraldehyde
|
Type: Topical wart treatment
Indications: warts, particularly plantar warts Dose: Apply twice daily Brands: Glutarol |
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Silver Nitrate
|
Type: Topical wart preparation
Indications: warts, verrucas, umbilical granulomas, over-granulating tissue, cauterisation Dose: - Common warts and verrucas: apply moistened caustic pencil tip for 1–2 minutes; repeat after 24 hours up to max. 3 applications for warts or max. 6 applications for verrucas - Umbilical granulomas: apply moistened caustic pencil tip (usually containing silver nitrate 40%) for 1–2 minutes while protecting surrounding skin with soft paraffin Brands: AVOCA |
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Imiquimod
|
Type: Topical wart preparation
Indications: Warts, Superficial basal cell carcinoma, Actinic keratosis Dose: - Warts (external genital and perianal): apply thinly 3 times a week at night until lesions resolve (max. 16 weeks) - Superficial basal cell carcinoma: apply to lesion (and 1 cm beyond it) on 5 days each week for 6 weeks; assess response 12 weeks after completing treatment - Actinic keratosis: apply to lesion 3 times a week for 4 weeks; assess response after a 4 week treatment-free interval; repeat 4-week course if lesions persist; max. 2 courses Brands: Aldara |
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Podophyllum
|
Type: Topical wart preparation
Indications: External genital warts, Condylomata acuminata affecting the penis or the female external genitalia, Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Condyline, Warticon |
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Eflornithine
|
Type: Antiprotozoal
Indications: Hirsutism Dose: Apply thinly twice daily Brands: Vaniqa |
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Minoxidil
|
Type: Follicle Stimulator
Indications: androgenetic alopecia (men and women) Dose: Apply 1 mL twice daily to dry hair and scalp (discontinue if no improvement after 1 year); 5% strength for use in men only Brands: Regaine |
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Polymyxins
|
Type: Topical antibacterial
Indications: bacterial skin infections Dose: Apply twice daily or more frequently if required Brands: Polyfax |
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Retapamulin
|
Type: Topical antibacterial
Indications: superficial bacterial skin infections Dose: apply thinly twice daily for 5 days; review treatment if no response within 2–3 days Brands: Altargo |
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Silver sulphadiazine
|
Type: Topical antibacterial
Indications: prophylaxis and treatment of infection in burn wounds; as an adjunct to short-term treatment of infection in leg ulcers and pressure sores; as an adjunct to prophylaxis of infection in skin graft donor sites and extensive abrasions; for conservative management of finger-tip injuries Dose: - Burns: apply daily or more frequently if very exudative - leg ulcers or pressure sores: apply daily or on alternate days (not recommended if ulcer very exudative) - finger-tip injuries: apply every 2–3 days Brands: Flamazine |
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Mupirocin
|
Type: Topical antibacterial
Indications: bacterial skin infections Dose: apply up to 3 times daily for up to 10 days Brands: Bactroban |
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Amorolfine
|
Type: Topical Antifungal
Indications: Fungal nail infections Dose: apply to infected nails 1–2 times weekly after filing and cleansing; allow to dry (approx. 3 minutes); treat finger nails for 6 months, toe nails for 9–12 months (review at intervals of 3 months); avoid nail varnish or artificial nails during treatment Brands: Loceryl |
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Benzoic Acid
|
Type: Topical Antifungal
Indications: ringworm (tinea) Dose: Apply twice daily |
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Sulconazole Nitrate
|
Type: Topical Antifungal
Indications: fungal skin infections Dose: Apply 1–2 times daily continuing for 2–3 weeks after lesions have healed Brands: Exelderm |
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Tioconazole
|
Type: Topical Antifungal
Indications: fungal nail infections Dose: Apply to nails and surrounding skin twice daily usually for up to 6 months (may be extended to 12 months) Brands: Trosyl |
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Undecenoates
|
Type: Topical Antifungal
Indications: athlete’s foot Dose: apply twice daily continuing for 7 days after lesions have healed Brands: Mycota |
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Penciclovir
|
Type: Topical Antiviral
Indications: herpes labialis Dose: apply to lesions every 2 hours during waking hours for 4 days, starting at first sign of attack Brands: Vectavir |
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Idoxuridine In Dimethyl Sulfoxide
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Type: Topical Antiviral
Indications: herpes simplex and herpes zoster infection but of little value Dose: Apply to lesions 4 times daily for 4 days, starting at first sign of attack Brands: Herpid |
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Benzyl benzoate
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Type: Parasiticidal
Indications: scabies Dose: Apply over the whole body; repeat without bathing on the following day and wash off 24 hours later; a third application may be required in some cases |
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Dimeticone
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Type: Parasiticidal
Indications: head lice Dose: Rub into dry hair and scalp, allow to dry naturally, shampoo after minimum 8 hours (or overnight); repeat application after 7 days Brands: Hedrin |
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Malathion
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Type: Parasiticidal
Indications: scabies, head lice and crab lice Dose: - Head lice: rub 0.5% preparation into dry hair and scalp, allow to dry naturally, remove by washing after 12 hours; repeat application after 7 days - Crab lice: apply 0.5% aqueous preparation over whole body, allow to dry naturally, wash off after 12 hours or overnight; repeat application after 7 days - Scabies: apply 0.5% preparation over whole body, and wash off after 24 hours; if hands are washed with soap within 24 hours, they should be retreated; repeat application after 7 days Brands:Derbac-M, Prioderm, Quellada M |
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Permethrin
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Type: Parasiticidal
Indications: scabies and crab lice Dose: - Scabies: apply 5% preparation over whole body and wash off after 8–12 hours. Larger patients may require up to two 30-g packs for adequate treatment - Crab lice: apply 5% cream over whole body, allow to dry naturally and wash off after 12 hours or after leaving on overnight; repeat application after 7 days Brands: Lyclear |
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Phenothrin
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Type: Parasiticidal
Indications: head lice and crab lice Dose: Look up under preparation Brands: Full Marks |
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Becaplermin
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Type: Recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor
Indications: full-thickness, neuropathic, diabetic ulcers Dose: apply thin layer daily and cover with gauze dressing moistened with physiological saline; max. duration of treatment 20 weeks (reassess if no healing after first 10 weeks) Brands: Regranex |
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Glycopyrronium Bromide
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Type: Antiperspirant
Indications: iontophoretic treatment of hyperhidrosis, drying secretions, reversal of excessive bradycardia; with neostigmine for reversal of non-depolarising neuromuscular block Dose: Look up under indication Brands: Robinul |
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Thiopental sodium
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Type: Intravenous anaesthetic
Indications: induction of general anaesthesia; anaesthesia of short duration; reduction of raised intracranial pressure if ventilation controlled; status epilepticus Dose: Look up under use |
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Etomidate
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Type: Intravenous anaesthetic
Indications: induction of anaesthesia Dose: Look up under preparations Brands: Etomidate-Lipuro, Hypnomidate |
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Ketamine
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Type: Intravenous Anaesthetic
Indications: induction and maintenance of anaesthesia (but rarely used) Dose: Look up under route Brands: Ketalar |
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Propofol
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Type: Intravenous Anaesthetic
Indications: Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, Sedation of ventilated patients in intensive care, Sedation for surgical and diagnostic procedures, Dose: Look up under use Brands: Diprivan |
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Desflurane
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Type: Volatile liquid anaesthetic
Indications: Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia Dose: - Induction of anaesthesia: by inhalation through specifically calibrated vaporiser: 4–11% - Maintenance of anaesthesia by inhalation through specifically calibrated vaporiser: 2–6% in nitrous oxide; 2.5–8.5% in oxygen or oxygen-enriched air Brands: Suprane |
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Halothane
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Type: Volatile liquid anaesthetic
Indications: Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia Dose: - Induction of anaesthesia using specifically calibrated vaporiser, in oxygen or nitrous oxide–oxygen: adult increased gradually to 2–4%; child 1.5–2% - Maintenance of anaesthesia using specifically calibrated vaporiser, in oxygen or NO or O2: 0.5–2% |
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Isoflurane
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Type: Volatile liquid anaesthetic
Indications: Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia Dose: - Induction of anaesthesia using specifically calibrated vaporiser, in oxygen or nitrous oxide–oxygen: increased gradually from 0.5% to 3% - Maintenance of anaesthesia using specifically calibrated vaporiser: 1–2.5% in nitrous oxide–oxygen; an additional 0.5–1% may be required when given with oxygen alone; caesarean section, 0.5–0.75% in nitrous oxide–oxygen Brands: AErrane |
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Sevoflurane
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Type: Volatile liquid anaesthetic
Indications: Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia Dose: - Induction of anaesthesia using a specifically calibrated vaporiser, in oxygen or nitrous oxide–oxygen, adjusted according to response: up to 5% - Maintenance of anaesthesia using a specifically calibrated vaporiser, in oxygen or nitrous oxide–oxygen: adjusted according to response, 0.5–3% |
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Nitrous oxide
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Type: Inhalational anaesthetic
Indications: maintenance of anaesthesia and, in sub-anaesthetic concentrations, analgesia Dose: - Maintenance of light anaesthesia (using suitable anaesthetic apparatus), up to 66% in oxygen - Analgesia, up to 50% in oxygen, according to the patient’s needs |
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Ketorolac Trometamol
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Type: Non-opioid analgesic
Indications: short-term management of moderate to severe acute postoperative pain only Dose: 10 mg every 4–6 hours (elderly every 6–8 hours) as required; max. 40 mg daily; max. duration of treatment 7 days Brands: Toradol |
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Parecoxib
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Type: Non-opioid analgesic
Indications: short-term management of acute postoperative pain Dose: initially 40 mg, then 20–40 mg every 6–12 hours when required; max. 80 mg daily Brands: Dynastat |
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Alfentanil
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Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: analgesia especially during short operative procedure and outpatient surgery; enhancement of anaesthesia; analgesia and suppression of respiratory activity in patients receiving intensive care, with assisted ventilation, for up to 4 days Dose: Look up under route Brands: Rapifen |
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Remifentanil
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Type: Opioid analgesic
Indications: supplementation of general anaesthesia during induction and analgesia during maintenance of anaesthesia (consult product literature for use in patients undergoing cardiac surgery); analgesia and sedation in ventilated, intensive care patients Dose: Look up under use Brands: Ultiva |
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Atracurium Besilate
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Type: Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (short to intermediate duration) for surgery or during intensive care Dose: initially 300–600 micrograms/kg; maintenance, by intravenous injection, 100–200 micrograms/kg as required or by intravenous infusion, 5–10 micrograms/kg/minute (300–600 micrograms/kg/hour) Brands: Tracrium |
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Cisatracurium
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Type: Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (intermediate duration) for surgery or during intensive care Dose: Look up under use Brands: Nimbex |
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Mivacurium
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Type: Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (short duration) for surgery Dose: Look up under route Brands: Mivacron |
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Pancuronium Bromide
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Type: Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (long duration) for surgery or during intensive care Dose: Look up under use |
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Rocuronium Bromide
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Type: Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (intermediate duration) for surgery or during intensive care Dose: Look up under use Brands: Esmeron |
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Vecuronium Bromide
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Type: Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (intermediate duration) for surgery Dose: Look up under route Brands: Norcuron |
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Suxamethonium
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Type: Depolarising neuromuscular blocking drug
Indications: neuromuscular blockade (rapid onset, short duration) Dose: Look up under route Brands: Anectine |
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Flumazenil
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Type: Benzodiazepine antagonist
Indications: reversal of sedative effects of benzodiazepines in anaesthetic, intensive care, and diagnostic procedures Dose: Look up under route Brands: Anexate |
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Naloxone Hydrochloride
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Type: Opioid antagonist
Indications: reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression; reversal of neonatal respiratory depression resulting from opioid administration to mother during labour; overdosage with opioids Dose: 100–200 micrograms (1.5–3 micrograms/kg); if response inadequate, give subsequent dose of 100 micrograms every 2 minutes |
