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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is the number one cause of death in the US?
heart disease
what accounts for 80% of cardiac deaths?
ischemic heart disease
at what age does degenerative calcific aortic valve stenosis occur?
70s and 80s
a 75 year old patient comes in complaining of angina, syncope, and has some signs of CHF. You suspect that the morphology underlying this problem includes thickening and immobility of valve cusps with narrowing of the orifice....

what does this patient have?
Degenerative Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis
patient presents with regurgitation, arrhythmias 2° to impinging on the conduction pathways, and grossly has valve stenosis secondary to bulky deposits on the leaflets...

what is this?
Mitral Annular Calcification
usually asymptomatic and found only as a midsystolic click on auscultation. But, may also be associated with atypical chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue or psychiatric symptoms

patient may be in their 20s to 40s

what could this be?
Mitral Valve Prolapse
if you see grossly ballooning of valve leaflets, and elongated/thickened chordae tendinea in the mitral valve, what would this be?
Mitral Valve Prolapse
what is the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis?
blood-borne bacteria 2° to infection elsewhere in the body;

IV drug abuse; dental or surgical procedures; micro-injuries to gut, urinary tract, oropharynx or skin
how do you diagnose endocarditis?
Dx confirmed by blood culture - - positive 80 – 95%
pt has Direct injury to valves or myocardium & aorta

Emboli to spleen, kidneys, heart & brain

Antigen-antibody complex-mediated glomerulonephritis --> nephrotic syndrome &/or renal failure

what could this be?
endocarditis
you have a cancer patient who has renal failure which is secondary to DIC. A major concern is embolism. What might this be? (be specific)
Non Bacterial Thrombotic endocarditis
what is Libman-Sacks Endocarditis?
valvular (mitral & tricuspid) disease seen in SLE & antiphospholipid syndrome
what are the 2 types of artificial valves?
Mechanical (rigid & synthetic)

Bioprosthetic (glutaraldehyde-pretreated animal valves)
what are 2 of the major complications of artificial valves?
paravalvular leak

Thrombosis/thromboembolism
IV drug abusers are more likely to develop what?
Infective Endocarditis