Criminal Justice Test 1

Front 1

Crime

Back 1

Conduct in violation of the criminal laws of state federal or local jurisdiction for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse

Front 2

Individual rights

Back 2

The rights guaranteed to all members of American society by the US Constitution

Front 3

Theme of the book

Back 3

Individual rights versus public order

Front 4

Individual rights advocate

Back 4

One who seeks to protect personal freedom within the process of criminal justice

Front 5

Public order advocate

Back 5

One who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threats to public safety the interest of society should take precedence over individual rights

Front 6

Criminal justice system

Back 6

The police, correctional agencies, and criminal courts

Front 7

Due process

Back 7

Right guaranteed by 5th 6th and 14th amendment
Criminal justice case proceedings be conducted with fairness and equality

Front 8

Law

Back 8

a rule of Conduct generally found enacted in the form of a statue that prescribes or mandate certain forms of behavior

Front 9

Statutory law

Back 9

The written or confined in law the law on the books as enacted by a government body or agency having the power to make laws

Front 10

Penal Code

Back 10

The written organized and completed form of the criminal laws of jurisdiction

Front 11

Case law

Back 11

The body of judicial precedent historically built on legal reasoning and past interpretations of statutory laws that serve as a guide to decision making especially in the courts

Front 12

Common law

Back 12

The body of law originating from usage and custom rather than from written statues originally developed by English courts based on non-statutory customs and traditions and precedents that help guide you to show decision making

Front 13

Rule of law

Back 13

the maxim that an orderly society must be governed by established principles and known codes that are applied you uniformly and fairly to all of its members

Front 14

Types of law

Back 14

Criminal law
Statutory law
Civil law
Administrative law
Case law

Front 15

General categories of crime

Back 15

Felonies
Misdemeanors
Offenses
Inchoate offenses
Treason and Esplonage

Front 16

reasonable force

Back 16

A degree of force that is appropriate in a given situation and is not excessive

Front 17

Double jeopardy

Back 17

A common law and constitutional prohibition against a second trial for the same offense

Front 18

Police agencies

Back 18

Blank are the primary enforce law under federal local and state governments

Front 19

10 to 20 percent

Back 19

Require a law enforcement response

Front 20

Community policing

Back 20

A philosophy that promotes organizational strategies which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem solving techniques to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime social disorder and fear of crime

Front 21

Anti terrorism

Back 21

Increased social tension to maintain a close interactive dialogue between lawn forcement in the community

Front 22

Fourth Amendment

Back 22

The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause

Front 23

Fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine

Back 23

A legal principle that exclude from introduction at trial any evidence later developed as a result of an illegal search and seizures

Front 24

Miranda warnings

Back 24

1. You have the right to remain silent. 2. Anything you say can be used against you in a court of law.
3. You have the right to talk to a lawyer and to have a lawyer present while you are being questioned.
4. If you want a warrior before ordering questioning the cannot afford to hire a lawyer 1 will be appointed to represent you at no cost before any questioning.
5. If you answer questions now without a lawyer here you still have the right to stop answering questions at anytime.

Front 25

Sneak and peek search

Back 25

a search that occurs in the suspects absence and without his or her prior knowledge also known as a delayed notification search

Front 26

USA PATRIOT Act

Back 26

A federal law enacted in response to terrorism attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on 9 11

Front 27

Rodney King incident

Back 27

Please abused a man laughing having fun he had been speeding and refuse to stop 115 mph

Front 28

search and seizures

Back 28

is a procedure used in many civil law and common law legal systems whereby police or other authorities and their agents, who suspect that a crime has been committed, do a search of a person's property and confiscate any relevant evidence to the crime.

Front 29

Police organization and structure

Back 29

Two categories line operations and staff operations

Front 30

Nature and purpose of law

Back 30

Primary functions of the law is to maintain public order regulate human interaction enforce moral benefits define the economic environment of the society enhance predictability promote orderly social change sustain individual rights identify wrongdoers and redress wrongs and mandate punishment and retribution

Front 31

what do laws do

Back 31

laws maintain order in a society
laws regulate human interaction.
Laws enforce moral beliefs.
Laws defend the economic environment.
Laws enhanced predictability.
Law support the powerful.
Laws promote orderly social change.
Laws and individual rights.
Laws redress wrongs.
Laws identify wrongdoers.
Laws mandate punishment and retribution.

Front 32

Brief history

Back 32

Immigration civil war, prohibition, civil rights movement, crimes increased seventy's, drugs and increased crime eighty's, rodney king, 911, u_s_a patriot act, white collar crime,oshama bin laden, mass shootings and random violence

Front 33

police interrogation

Back 33

the information gathering activity of police officers that involve the direct questioning of suspects

Front 34

criminology

Back 34

scientific study of the causes and preventition of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders

Front 35

Social justice

Back 35

Embraces all aspects of civilized life and is the link to broader notions of fairness and right and wrong

Front 36

Civil justice

Back 36

Aspects of social justice and cannot be separated from it because the justice enacted in civil and criminal courts reflect basic American understandings of right and wrong

Front 37

Criminal justice

Back 37

an important mechanism in which justice can be achieved

Front 38

Investigation, warrant, arrest and booking

Back 38

The case process begins with the ______of a crime that has been discovered evidence gathered with ________ when _______provides the legal basis for police and _______ were picture and fingerprinting

Front 39

First appearance

Back 39

Magistrate tells suspects of the charges advise them of their rights and sides though

Front 40

Preliminary hearing

Back 40

To determine whether or not there is sufficient evidence to continue the criminal justice process

Front 41

Information or indictment

Back 41

Prosecutor may seek to continue the case by filing blank with the court while others choose blank and must be returned by a grand jury

Front 42

Adjudication

Back 42

Cases are resolved either by a criminal trial or the entry of a guilty plea

Front 43

Sentencing

Back 43

Once a person is convicted the judgments impose a what

Front 44

Corrections

Back 44

The blank. Begins falling sentencing and involves a variety of sentences that can be imposed on a defendant

Front 45

Reentry

Back 45

Offenders on probation do not go to prison but are required to follow various imposed restrictions

Front 46

Evidence based practice

Back 46

Refers to crime fighting shouted she is that has been scientifically tested and are based on social science research

Front 47

Multiculturalism

Back 47

Dicks instance within 1 Society of diverse groups that maintain unique cultural identities well forget Lee accepting and participating in the largest side is legal and political systems

Front 48

social diversity

Back 48

The condition of being different

Front 49

Criminal law

Back 49

Refers to the body of rules and regulations that define what behaviors are criminal and specifies punishments for offences of a public nature or 4 wrong committed against the state of our society

Front 50

Substantive law

Back 50

Describes what constitutes particular crime and specifies the appropriate punishment for each particular offense

Front 51

Procedural law

Back 51

Is the body of rules that determines the proceedings by which legal rights are enforced

Front 52

Civil law

Back 52

Forces on regulating relationships between and among people businesses and other organizations and government agencies non-criminal relationships

Front 53

Administrative law

Back 53

focus is on the regulations created by government to control businesses industries and individuals

Front 54

Felonies

Back 54

Serious crimes such as murder and rape

Front 55

Misdemeanors

Back 55

Relatively minor crimes such as petty theft punishable by less than a year in prison

Front 56

Offenses

Back 56

Minor violations such as spitting on the sidewalk in littering

Front 57

Treason and espionage

Back 57

most serious felonies

Front 58

Corpus delicti

Back 58

Body of the crime is the set of facts that shows that a crime has occurred

Front 59

Criminal defenses

Back 59

Alibi justification excuse and procedural defense

Front 60

Inchoate offenses

Back 60

Offense is not yet completed such as conspiracy

Front 61

General features of a crime

Back 61

Actus Reus
Men's Rea
concurrence
causation
harm
legality
punishment
necessary attendant circumstances