Criminal Justice First Test

Front 1

social control

Back 1

the use of sanctions and rewards within a group to influence and shape the behavior of individual members of that group

Front 2

criminology

Back 2

the scientific study of the causes and prevention of crime and the rehabilitation and punishment of offenders

Front 3

evidence based practice

Back 3

crime-fighting strategies that have been scientifically tested and are based on social science research

Front 4

multiculturalism

Back 4

the existence within one society of diverse groups that maintain unique culural identities while frequently accepting and participating in the larger society's legal and political systems

Front 5

due process model

Back 5

a criminal justice perspective that emphasizes individual rights at all stages of the justice system processing

Front 6

crime control model

Back 6

a criminal justice perspective that emphasizes the effiecient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders

Front 7

due process

Back 7

a right guaranteed to all defendants that they will go through all proper legal procesign outlines in the criminal jsutice system

Front 8

concurrent sentence

Back 8

one of two or more sentences imposed at the same, after conviction for more than one offense and served at the same time

Front 9

consecutive sentence

Back 9

one of two or more sentences imposed at the same time after conviction for more than one offense and served in sequence with the other sentence

Front 10

trial

Back 10

in criminal proceedings the examination in court of the issues of fact and relevant law in case for the purpose of convicting or acquitting the defendent

Front 11

arraignment

Back 11

strictly the hearing before a court having jurisdiction in a criminal case in which the identity of the defendent is established the defendent is informed of the charge and of his or her rights and is required to enter a plea

Front 12

grand jury

Back 12

a gorup of jurors who have been selected according to law and have been sworn to hear the evidence and to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the accused person to trial

Front 13

indictment

Back 13

a formal written accusation submitted to the court by a grand jury allegint hat a specified person has commited a specified offense, usually a felony

Front 14

information

Back 14

a formal written accusation submitted to a court by a prosecutor allegint hat a specified person has committed a specified offense

Front 15

probable cause

Back 15

a set of facts and circumstances that would induce a reasonable intelliegent person to determine that someone has committed a crime

Front 16

preliminary hearing

Back 16

a proceeding before a judicial oficer where three things are established: whether a crime was commited, whether the crime took place in the territorial jurisdiction of that court, and if there is reason to believe the defendent commitid the crime

Front 17

conflict model

Back 17

a criminal justice perspective that assumes that the systems components function primarily to serve their own interests

Front 18

consensus model

Back 18

a criminal justice perspective that assumes that the sustems components work togeter harmoniously to achieve the social product we call justice

Front 19

criminal justice system

Back 19

the aggregate of all operating and administrative or technical supposrt agencies that perform criminal justice functions

Front 20

administration of justice

Back 20

the performance of any of the following activities, detection, apprehension, prosectution, etc

Front 21

criminal justice

Back 21

in the strictess sense, the criminal law the law of criminal rocedure and the array of procedures and activities having to do with the enforcement of this body of law

Front 22

civil justice

Back 22

the civil law the law of civil proecdure and the array of procedures and activities having to do with private rights and remedies sought by civil action

Front 23

social justice

Back 23

an ideal that embraces all aspects of civilized life and that is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and to cultural beliefs about right and wrong

Front 24

justice

Back 24

the principle of fairness and the ideal of moral equity

Front 25

public order advocate

Back 25

one who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety, the interest in society should take precendence over individual rights

Front 26

individual rights advocate

Back 26

one who seeks to protect personal freedoms within the process of criminal justice

Front 27

US Patriot Act

Back 27

a fedreal law, enacted in response to 9/11

Front 28

individual rights

Back 28

the rights guaranteed to all members of the american society

Front 29

crime

Back 29

conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legal ly acceptable justification or excuse