Cosmic Perspective Chapter 6 #2

Front 1

1. patterns of motion among large bodies
2. two major types of planets
3. asteroids and comets
4. exceptions to the rules

Back 1

Four major features of our solar system that provide clues to how it formed

Front 2

Terrestrial planets

Back 2

The four inner planets. they are relatively small and dense, with rocky surfaces and an abundance of metals deep in their interiors.

Front 3

Jovian planets

Back 3

Four large planets of the outer solar solar system. They are larger in sixe and lower in average density than the terrestrial planets, and they have rings and many moons. They lack solid surface.

Front 4

Asteroids, asteroid belt.

Back 4

large rocky bodies that orbit the sun much like planes, but are much smaller. The belt is located between mars and Jupiter.

Front 5

Comets

Back 5

made largely of ices mixed with rock.

Front 6

Kuiper belt: Oort cloud.

Back 6

regions comets orbit. ____ is a donut-shaped region beyond the orbit of Neptune, and one much further from the sun ____

Front 7

Uranus and Venus

Back 7

What planets are considered exceptions to the rules of the solar system ?____ rotates on its side and _____ backwards.

Front 8

Nebula hypothesis

Back 8

German philosopher Immanuel Kant and later Pierre-Simon Laplace proposed that our solar system formed from the gravitational collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas.

Front 9

Close encounter hypothesis

Back 9

hypothesis that the planets formed from blobs of gas that had been gravitationally pulled out of the sun during the near-collision

Front 10

nebula theory

Back 10

Theory on how the universe was made from a cloud of gas called solar nebula

Front 11

heating, spinning, and flattening

Back 11

As solar nebula shrank in size, what three important processes altered its density, temperature, and shape, changing it from a large, diffuse cloud to a much smaller spinning disk...Creating the orderly motions.

Front 12

98

Back 12

Hydrogen and helium gas made up ___% of the solar nebula's mass and did not condense, the vast majority of the nebula remained gaseous at all times.

Front 13

frost line

Back 13

the minimum distance at which it was cold enough for ice to condense_which lay between the present-day orbits of mars and Jupiter. this marked a key transition between the warm inner regions of the solar system and cool outer ones.

Front 14

accretion

Back 14

the process by which small "seeds" grew into planets

Front 15

Planetesimals

Back 15

"pieces of planets" that created the asteroids meteoroids and comets

Front 16

Jovian

Back 16

the ___ planets began as large, icy planetesimals, which then captured hydrogen and helium gas from the solar nebula

Front 17

giant impact

Back 17

We most likly got our moon as the result of a ___ ___between earth and a huge planetesimal

Front 18

radiometric dating

Back 18

most reliable method for measuring the age of a rock by carfuly measuring the proportions of various atoms and isotopes in the rock.

Front 19

transit:Eclipsed

Back 19

we observe a ____ when the planet passes in front of the star, and the planet is ___ when it passes behind the star.

Front 20

Doppler

Back 20

Most discovers to date have been made with the _____ Doppler technique, in which Doppler shifts reveal the gravitational tof of a planet (or planets) on a star

Front 21

Hot

Back 21

MOst known extrasolar planets have orbits surprisingly close to there stars making them hot____

Front 22

half life

Back 22

____ means each year results in a decay of half the remaining entity

Front 23

Earth and Jupiter

Back 23

The largest terrestrial planet and Jovian planet are , respectively .....

Front 24

asteroids

Back 24

are comets, asteroids or Jovian planets closer to the sun on average?