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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is nostos |
a return home |
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What effect does eating the lotus have onOdysseus’ men at their next stop? |
they forget about home |
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How does the Cyclops Polyphemusviolate the custom of xenia? |
- He refuses to provide hisguests with food - He refuses to provide hisguests with a bath. - He refuses to give hisguests a place to stay forthe night. |
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Theogony |
A story about the origins of the gods |
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Hesiod |
- boeotia - late 8th century - composed epic poetry - oral, competitive performance - theogonic and cosmogonic |
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oral tradition |
- poetry - music - possibility of multiple 'correct' versions - context of performance |
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Gaia |
Earth |
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Chaos |
Chasm/Abyss |
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Tartaros |
Underworld |
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Eros |
Lust |
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1st ruling couple |
Gaia (earth) & ouranos (heaven) |
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1st ruling couple's children |
titans - kronos - rhea (Typhaon also a titan, but created only by Gaia) |
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2nd ruling couple |
kronos & rhea |
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2nd ruling couple's children |
1st generation olympians - Zeus - Hera - Aphrodite (Kronos) |
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3rd Ruling Couple |
Zeus & Hera (Olympians) |
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Zeus' Children |
Younger Olympians - Ares from Hera - Athena from Metis - Persephone from Demeter - Apollo & Artemis (twins) from Leto - Hermes from Maia - Dionysus from Semele |
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Hera's children on her own |
Hephaestus |
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What did heaven do with his children when they were born? |
stuck them back into earth (gaia) and kept them away from the light |
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Which one of Gaia's dear boys agrees to wield the sickle against his father? |
Kronos |
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Succession Myth |
stories about how each generation of gods displaced the previous divine order |
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How did Kronos overthrow his father? |
Castrated his father (ouranos) |
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What did Kronos do with his children when they were born? |
He swallowed them so they couldn't grow and overthrow him |
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What text might you quote to point about Zeus' status as king of the gods? |
Hymn to Apollo |
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What would you guess was the purpose of a hymn in ancient Greek culture? |
to honor a god |
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What do you think the description of Apollo entering Zeus' court on Mt. Olympus suggests about Apollo's status in the Olympian order? |
Apollo has privileged status in his father's court |
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Zeus' cup-bearer |
Ganymedes |
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Why do you think the poet would include such a long list of places (a catalog) in a poem like this? |
in a devotional song it's important to name the god's cult places |
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Location of Apollo's Panhellenic sanctuaries |
Delos & Delphi |
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on a purely human level, what might be a benefit of people from difference communities gathering at a central location? |
it would be an opportunity to discuss common interests and form alliances |
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Where is Apollo's second sanctuary described in this hymn located? |
Delphi |
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Who gave birth to Typhoios in Hesiod's Theogony? |
Gaia |
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How did Apollo acquire priests at Delphi according to the Hymn of Apollo |
He abducted sailors in a boat from Crete |
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Apollo god of... |
...Music & Prophecy |
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Argeiphontes |
- argus killer - epithet of Hermes |
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Who was the first 'culture-hero' whom we've encountered in this course? |
Prometheus |
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What do gods eat in Greek myth? |
nectar and ambrosia |
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Hermes says to Maia: "I'm taking on the very best vocation - It's going to fee both you and me forever. We're not just staying here, like you're insisting. And missing prayers and gifts that the other gods get." - Hymn to Hermes, lines 166-169 What profession does Hermes propose for himself when he says this? |
becoming a thief |
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"Among immortals you will have this honor: to be forever known as king of robbers." Hand-hoisted now, the mighty Argus-killer pondered his options first then shot an omen, a reckless message from a hard worked belly. Right after this he gave a sneeze. Apollo on hearing it, let glorious Hermes drop. - Hymn to Hermes, lines 291-298 What rude omen does Hermes produce in this passage? |
a fart |
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What point(s) might Apollo argue against Hermes' claim that he couldn't have stolen the cattle because he's only a day old? |
he is still a god |
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In the Hymn to Apollo, who recreated the performance of the poet himself by first singing a hymn, then singing a longer episode from epic? |
The Delian Maidens |
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Hermes |
- trickster - god of thieves - god of herdsmen - god of boundaries - Psychopompus - atributes in art: petasos (traveler's hat), short cloak, winged sandals, caduceus (staff) |
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What kind of human behavior do you think Demeter is imitating in this passage? "nine days across the earth majestic Deo (Demeter) roamed, holding in her hands two flaming torches so anguished that she would not eat ambrosia, drink delicious nectar, or wash her body." - Hymn to Demeter |
funeral ritual |
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Who allowed Persephone to be kidnapped and give to Hades as a wife? |
Zeus |
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How did Demeter's fictional story similar to what happened to her daughter Persephone? |
Demeter claims to have been abducted from her home |
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How does Demeter respond to Metaneira's terror at seeing baby Demophoon in the fire? |
Demeter angrily calls Mateneira a stupid mortal |
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Why was Demeter putting the baby in the fire and feeding him nectar and ambrosia? |
She was trying to turn him into a god by burning away his human-ness |
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What natural phenomenon in Persephone an allegory for in the following passage? "Surely you ate no food in that deep place, My child? Tell -- do not hide it. We must both know... Or must you go back to earth's secret places to live as a third of every set of seasons -- The rest with me, though, and the other deities? When the earth blooms with lovely-scented flowers of every kind, then form haze and darkness You will come up, and gods and men will marvel" - Hymn to Demeter, lines 393-403 |
Seed that is planted in the earth then sprouts in springtime |
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What's the type of magic that is intended to make someone 'turn away' from anger or ill-intent? |
apotropaic |
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How is Aphrodite "born" in Hesiod's Theogony? |
The severed genitals of Ouranos fall into the sea |
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Who is Apollo's twin sister? |
Artemis |
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For what troubles does Zeus blame Aphrodite in his hymn? |
his lust for mortal women |
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Why does Aphrodite say she was crazy to sleep with a mortal man? |
she became pregnant |
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Which Olympian god is the "Argus-Killer"? |
Hermes |
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What is the final phase of human wedding ritual in ancient Greek culture? |
a wedding feast |
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Anchises didn't need Aphrodite to tell him that it's dangerous for men to sleep with goddesses. How did he already know? |
Other trojan men have been loved by gods |
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Which poem provides an example of the Indo-European narrative pattern called "succession myth"? |
Hesiod's Theogony |
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What are Zeus' main powers? |
thunder/lightning |
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What are Apollo's main powers? |
poetry and prophecy |
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Which god becomes queen of the underworld? |
Persephone |
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What trick does Zeus always remember? |
settlement at Mekone |
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What are the main spheres of influence of the goddess Athena? |
strategic warfare and crafts |
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How does Athena first appear to Telemachus on Ithaca? |
in disguise as a friend of Odysseus |
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How are the suitors breaking the rules of xenia? |
1. they stayed too long 2. they've eaten too much 3. they haven't given anything back |
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Who is Agamemnon's son who avenged his father's death in order to claim his inheritance? |
orestes |
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Why might Penelope want to keep the suitors around, even though she doesn't want to marry any of them? |
protection |
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What is the word for fame that can be immortalized through poetry? |
Kleos |
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What is one way certain versions of poems became canonical (known by pretty much everyone) within the oral tradition? |
Ancient Greeks heard performances by bards at Panhellenic sanctuaries |
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When Nestor first meets Telemachus, he remarks that Telemachus' talent for what is very much like that of Odysseus? |
Speaking |
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On a purely human level, what might be a benefit of communal rituals like public holidays? |
they unify communities |
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What does Telemachus inherit from his father in addition to his speaking ability and good looks? |
friendships |
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What is the purpose of Hermes' caduceus (his staff)? |
to control human sleep |
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What does Calypso's name mean? |
to cover or conceal |
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What kind of food do gods eat in ancient Greek myth? |
nectar and ambrosia |
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Why is Odysseus turn down Calypso's offer of immortality? |
he misses Penelope he will lose everlasting fame in poetry (kleos) if he stays |
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In the Hymn to Aphrodite and Demeter, we heard about young women being abducted for marriage. What were the women doing when the abduction occurred? |
playing/dancing in the countryside |
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Why is the response of Nausicaa's handmaidens when they first see Odysseus inappropriate? |
it violates the custom of xenia |
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From who does Nausicaa direct Odysseus to ask for assistance in order to obtain transportation back home? |
Arete the queen |
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Whta is the response of Nausicaa's handmaidens when they first see Odysseus inappropriate? |
it violates the customs of xenia |
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From whom does Nausicaa direct Odysseus to ask for assistance in order to obtain transportation back home? |
Arete the Queen |
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Who is Elpanor? |
The guy fell off of Circe's roof |
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Tiresias warns Odysseus that he must not allow the men to do what if they want to make it back to Ithica? |
eating Helios' livestock |
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After speaking with Tiresias and his mother, with which group of people does Odysseus converse first? |
Famous heroines |
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Who is Arete? |
- queen of Phaeacians - wife of Alcinous - mother of Nausicaa & Laodamas |
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Which son of another hero of the trojan war has been help up as a model for Telemachus to imitate? |
Agamemnon's son Orestes |
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Who is the final hero Odysseus sees in the underworld? |
Herakles |
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In addition to Tiresias who else gives Odysseus advice about what he needs to do in order to make it back to Ithica with his men? |
Circe |
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What is nostos? |
Homecoming |
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What topographical feature marks the place where the Phaeacians leave the sleeping Odysseus on Ithica? |
cave |
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What is the prophecy about the future fate of the Phaeacians the Alcinous? |
That Poseidon would encircle their city with a mountain in anger for delivering travelers home |
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When Athena shows up in disguise as a young shepherd, where does Odysseus tell her he's from? |
Crete |
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Besides Athena and Odysseus, what other prominent character in the Odyssey has a talent for deception? |
Penelope |
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What disguise does Athena give Odysseus for the infiltration of his own household? |
an old beggar |
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Where does Odysseus tell Eumaeus he's from? |
Crete |
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What part of Odysseus' second cretan tale does Eumaeus refuse to believe? |
that Odysseus is alive |
