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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the Confessions, why does Augustine's encounter with the drunken beggar unsettle and disturb him?
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The beggar, whose life (to Augustine) is much less important and ridiculous, and whose knowledge is much less than his, has appeared to find happiness whereas someone as educated as Augustine has seeemed to fail.
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Why is Augustine "afraid" of happiness?
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Happiness will force Augustine to change, which will require effort on his part and force him to go against all that he has learned
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What four claims does Augustine make about happiness?*(name and explain)
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-We all wish to be happy
-We can't be happy if we lack what we love. -We can't be happy if what we love is bad for us. -We can't be happy until we learn to love what is best. |
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What did Aristotle mean by eudaimonia? by ergon?
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eudaimonia: Having the best possible life which lacks nothing, and your soul is in conformity with the virtues.
ergon: Distinctive activity that helps you achieve proper excellence; what you are supposed to do that makes you who you are |
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What for Aristotle was the ergon of a human being?
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To practice virutes that achieve excellence, which enable eudaimonia. They link to excellence.
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What are 3 of the four reasons (and explain) why Aristotle believed friendship was important for the moral life?
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1. Friendships draw us out of ourselves.
2. Friendships are a source of self-knowledge. 3. They help us grow in goodness together. |
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How did Aquinas understand charity? And what makes charity a challenging way of life?
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Charity is a life of friendship with God, and helps humans achieve excellence. It is social (requires community). (challenge) It requires that we love everyone our friends love, even if they are enemies, because they are friends of God.
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What is a virtue? Why is a "good" act not necessarily a "virtuous" act?
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A virtue is a habitual way of being and acting that becomes part of who we are. A virtuous act must be practiced regularly, whereas a good act can just be a one time deal.
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What are two reasons we need the virtues?
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To help us achieve excellence properly as human beings, and two develop their capacity for goodness.
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Identify, explain, and show the importance of courage.
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Not necessarily being fearless, but being able to deal well with fear. Contains perseverance and daring. Opposite: cowardice
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What is a vice? How are they similar to the virtues? Why are they harmful?
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A vice is the opposite value of a virtue, they are similar because they need to be practiced, but are harmful because they take us away from achieving the good 'happiness' and further from God.
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explain the importance of the three fundamental claims of Christianity about human beings
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We are creatures (needy, mortal, life is a gift, etc.)
We are made in the image of God (relationships, perfection etc) Work of God (vocation, relationship/God/career) |
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What are two customary ways we often understand freedom? How would you evaluate them?
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Freedom as a choice (consumerist, choices with freedom, more choices/freer, or object, right vs. wrong)
Freedom connected with desires (no desires, apathy, ultimate/immediate desires) |
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How does Christianity understand freedom? In what sense can freedom be spoken of as a virtue?
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Connected with goodness (freest=best), helps us achieve excellence, a gift we're entrusted with
virtue: practiced, |
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What are the three stages of freedom outlined by Servais Pinckaers?
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childhood (stage of discipline, learning what keeps one from being free, bad choices/habits)
adolescence- transition stage of process, growing in the virtues adulthood- freedom fulfilled when it calls us out of ourselves in service and love (marriage, parenting, vocation) |
