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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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primary motor cortex |
causes movement and is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe |
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posterior parietal cortex |
keeps track of the position of the body relative to the world and helps plan movement; people who have damage to this area have trouble finding objects in space |
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supplementary motor cortex |
important for planning and organizing a rapid sequence of movements, and inhibits habitual movement when something else needs to be done |
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premotor cortex |
most active immediately before a movement; it receives information about the target as well as about the body's current position and posture |
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prefrontal cortex |
is active in the delay before movement, stores sensory information relevant to the movement, and considers the probable outcomes of possible movements |
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mirror neurons |
active both during preparation for am movement and while watching someone else perform a similar movement; this allows us to imitate movements |
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readiness potential |
a type of brain activity that begins before any voluntary movement; in other words the brain activity begins before the conscious decision to move |
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corticospinal tracts |
paths from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord; we have two,the medial and the lateral |
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lateral corticospinal tract / pyramidal tract |
a set of axons from the primary motor cortex, surrounding areas, and red nucleus, extending across the spinal cord in the medulla; it controls movement in peripheral areas such as the hands and feet |
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red nucleus |
a midbrain area that is primarily responsible for controlling the arm muscles |
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pyramid |
bulges in the medulla where the lateral corticospinal tract crosses to the contralateral side |
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medial corticospinal tract |
includes axons from many parts of the cerebral cortex as well as, the midbrain tectum, the reticular formation, and the vestibular nucleus and goes to both sides of the spinal cord; this tract is responsible for controlling muscles of the neck, shoulders, and trunk |
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vestibular nucleus |
a brain area that receives input from the vestibular system |
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deep nuclei |
clusters of cell bodies found in the interior of the cerebellum |
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cerebellar cortex |
the surface of the cerebellum |
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Purkinje cells |
flat cells in sequential planes, parallel to one another |
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parallel fibers |
axons parallel to one another and perpendicular to the planes of the Purkinje cells |
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basal ganglia |
a group of large subcortical structures in the forebrain including the caudate nucleus, the putamen, and the globus pallidus; collectively these areas feed the motor and prefrontal areas of the cerebral cortex information |
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antisaccade task |
in the antisaccade task, the goal is to look in the opposite direction, when something moves on one side; this requires sustained activity in parts of the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia |
