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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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g (General Intelligence)
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The part of intelligence common to all intellectual tasks
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Fluid intelligence
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involves the ability to think on the spot
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Crystallized intelligence
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is factual knowledge about the worlds knowledge of word meanings, states capitals, answers the to arithmetic problems
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Primary Mental Abilities
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Word fluency, verbal meaning, reasoning, spatial visualization, numbering, rote memory, and perceptual speed
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Three-Stratum Theory of Intelligence
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Carroll's model of intelligence, including (g) at the top of the hierarchy, eight moderately general abilities in the middle, and many specific processes at the bottom
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Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)
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The most widely used instrument (intelligence test) for children 6 years of age and older
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IQ (Intelligence Quotient)
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A summary measure used to indicate a child's intelligence relative to that of other children of the same age
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Normal Distribution
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A pattern of data in which scores fall symmetrically around a mean value, with most scores falling close to the mean & fewer scores farther from it
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Standard Deviation
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A measure of the variability of scores in a distribution, 68% of scores fall within one standard deviation of the mean, and 95% of the scores fall within two standard deviations of the mean
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Self Discipline
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The ability to inhibit actions, follow rules, and avoid impulsive reactions
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Practical Intelligence
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Mental abilities not measured on IQ tests but important for success in many situations, such as accurately reading other people's emotions and intentions and motivating others to work effectively as a team
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Flynn Effect
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A phenomenon in which the average IQ scores have risen over the past 75 years. (named in honor of the researcher who discovered the trend)
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Multiple Intelligence Theory
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Gardner's theory of intellect, based on the view that people possess at least 8 types of intelligence
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Theory of Successful Intelligence
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Sternberg's theory of intellect, based on the view that intelligence is the ability to achieve success in life
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Phonemic Awareness
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Ability to identify component sounds within words
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Phonological Recording Skills
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Ability to translate letters into sounds and to blend sounds into words
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Visually Based Retrieval
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Proceeding directly from the visual form of a word to its meaning
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Strategy-Choice Process
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Procedure for selecting among alternative ways of solving problems
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Dyslexia
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Inability to read well despite normal intelligence
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Phonological Processing
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Ability to discriminate and remember sounds within words
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Mental Model
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Processes used to represent a situation or sequenced of events
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Comprehension monitoring
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The process of keeping track of one's understanding of a verbal description or text
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Pre-K mathematics
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A program designed for preschoolers, especially those from low-income families, to prevent mathematics disabilities through exposure to a variety of numerical activities
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Mathematical Equality
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The concept that the values on each side of the equal sign must be equivalent
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Gesture-speech mismatches
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a phenomenon in which hand movements and verbal statements convey different ideas
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Alfred Binet
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Discovered the first IQ test
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Alfred Binet believed that IQ could be increased by_________.
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Education
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What did early IQ tests measure?
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They gave an estimate of a child's mental age by comparing their performance on various tasks with performance of children at various ages.
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IQ (Calculation)
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(Mental Age/Chronological Age) x 100
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Issues raised as a result of studying intelligence
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The roles of heredity and environment
The influence of ethnic and racial differences The effects of wealth and poverty The possibility of improvement |
