Biology Chapter 5: Photosynthesis

Front 1

Autotroph

Back 1

Primary producer; organism that produces organic molecules by acquiring carbon from inorganic sources.

Hint 1

Self feeder

Front 2

Heterotroph

Back 2

Organism that obtains carbon by consuming preexisting organic molecules.

Hint 2

I'm this.

Front 3

Photosynthesis

Back 3

The process by which plants, algae, and some microorganisms harness solar energy and convert it to chemical energy.

Front 4

Electromagnetic spectrum

Back 4

The range of possible frequencies of radiation.

Front 5

Photons

Back 5

Discrete packets of kinetic energy.

Front 6

Wavelength

Back 6

Distance a photon moves during a complete vibration.

Front 7

Chlorophyll a

Back 7

A green photosynthetic pigment in plants, algae and cyanobacteria.

Front 8

Accessory pigments

Back 8

Energy capturing pigment molecules other than chlorophyll a.

Front 9

Stomata

Back 9

Tiny openings in the epidermis of a leaf or stem.

Front 10

Mesophyll

Back 10

Photosynthetic ground tissue in leaves

Front 11

Chloroplasts

Back 11

The organelles of photosynthesis in plants and algae

Front 12

Stroma

Back 12

Galatinous fluid containing ribosomes, DNA, and enzymes

Front 13

Grana

Back 13

Stack of disk shaped thylakoids.

Front 14

Thylakoid

Back 14

Disclike structure that makes up the inner membrane of a chloroplast.

Front 15

Thylakoid space

Back 15

The inner compartment of the thylakoid.

Front 16

Photosystems

Back 16

Clusters of photosynthetic pigments and proteins that participate in photosynthesis.

Front 17

Reaction center

Back 17

A molecule of chlorophyll a (and associated proteins) that participates in the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Front 18

Antenna pigments

Back 18

Capture photon energy and funnel it to the reaction center.

Front 19

Light reactions

Back 19

Convert solar energy to chemical energy.

Front 20

ATP

Back 20

A nucleotide that stores potential energy in the covalent bonds between its phosphate groups.

Front 21

NADPH

Back 21

Coenzyme that carries pairs of energized electrons.

Front 22

Carbon reactions

Back 22

The reactions of photosynthesis that use ATP and NADPH to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide.

Front 23

Electron transport chain

Back 23

A group of proteins that shuttle electrons like a bucket brigade, releasing energy with each step

Front 24

ATP synthase

Back 24

Transforms the gradient's energy into chemical energy in the form of ATP.

Front 25

Calvin cycle

Back 25

The metabolic pathway that uses NADPH and ATP to assemble CO2 molecules into three-carbon carbohydrate molecules.

Front 26

Carbon fixation

Back 26

The initial incorporation of carbon from CO2 into an organic compound.

Front 27

Ribulose biphosphate (RuBP)

Back 27

a five carbon sugar with two phosphate groups.

Front 28

Rubisco

Back 28

The enzyme that catalyzes this essential first reaction

Front 29

C3 pathway

Back 29

The calvin cycle

Front 30

C4 pathway

Back 30

A carbon fixation pathway in which CO2 combines with a three-carbon molecule to form a four-carbon molecule.

Front 31

Photorespiration

Back 31

A series of reactions that begin when rubisco adds O2 instead of CO2 to RuBP

Front 32

Bundle-sheath cells

Back 32

Surround the leaf veins.

Front 33

CAM pathway

Back 33

Carbon fixation that occurs at night; CO2 is later released for use in the Calvin cycle during the day.

Front 34

Chemiosmatic Phosphorylation

Back 34

The coupling of ATP formation to the release of energy from a proton gradient.