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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Magna Carta
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a document signed by King John in 1215, that limited the power of the King.
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English Bill of Rights
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declared the power of Parliment and kept the monarch from passing new taxes or changing laws without Parliaments' approval
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constitution
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a set of basic principles and laws that states the powers and duties of the government
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Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom
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a law that included Thomas Jefferson's ideas gratnting religious freedom (declared that no person could be forced to attend a particular church or be required to pay for a church with tax money)
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suffrage
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the right to vote
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Articles of Confederation
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the new national constitiution which made a new Confederation Congress the national government
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ratification
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official approval of the Articles by the states
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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a law that set up a system for surveying land and dividing the Northwest Territory
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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legislation passed by Congress to establish a political structure for the Northwest Territory and create a system for the admission of a new state
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tariffs
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taxes on imports or exports
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interstate commerce
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trade between two or more states
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depression
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a period of low economic activiity combined with a rise in unemployment
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Shay's Rebellion
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an uprising in which Daniel led hundreds of men in a forced shutdown of the Supreme Court in Springfield, Massachusetts
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Constitutional Convention
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a meeting held in Philadelphia's Independence Hall to create a new constitution
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Virginia Plan
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a plan for our government that
- gave supreme power to the central government - created a bicameral legislature with 2 groups or houses of representation determined by state population |
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New Jersey Plan
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a plan for government that proposed
- unicameral (one-house) legislature - each state had equal number of votes (equal voice) in the federal government |
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The Great Compromise
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the agreement worked out at the Constitutional Convention that gave each state one vote in the upper house of hte legislature and a number of representative based on its population in the lower house
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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counted slaves as three-fifths of a person when deciding representation
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popular sovereignty
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the idea that political authority belongs to the people
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federalism
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the sharing of power between a central government and the states
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legislative branch
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a Congress of two houses that proposes and passes laws
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executive branch
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the president and the departments that help run the governement;
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judicial branch
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the national courts; interprets laws, punishes criminals and settles disputes between states
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checks and balances
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a system established by the Constitution that keeps any branch of government from becoming too powerful
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antifederalists
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people who opposed the Constitution;
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federalists
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supporters of the Constitution that felt the Constitution offered a good balance of power
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Federalist Papers
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essays supporting the Constitution written anonymously under the name Publius. (actually written by Hamilton, Madison and Jay)
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amendments
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official changes to the Constitution
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Bill of Rights
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the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution that protect citizen's rights.
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Northwest Territory
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a territory including Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio and Wisconsin
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Daniel Shays
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a poor farmer and Revolutionary War veteran
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