Ncsf Chapter 2 Biomechanics

Front 1

The unit of force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram one meter per second squared.

Back 1

Newton

Front 2

A force exerted by one part of a system on another part within the same system.

Back 2

Internal Forces

Front 3

A force exerted on a system or on some of its components by a source outside the system.

Back 3

External Forces

Front 4

A stretching force (tension) pulling at both ends of a component or structure along its length.

Back 4

Tensile Forces

Front 5

A pushing force whose direction and point of application would tend to shorten or squeeze an object along the dimension coininsiding with the line of action of the force.

Back 5

Compression Forces

Front 6

A force between two objects (or an object and a surface) that are in contact with each other.

Back 6

Contact Forces

Front 7

The force acting on a body when the body is not in motion, but when a force is acting on it.

Back 7

Frictional Force

Front 8

A muscle whose torque prevents movement at a joint.

Back 8

Stabilizer

Front 9

Role of a muscle whose torque cancels or eliminates the undesired effect of the torque produced by another muscle at that joint to allow a desired movement only.

Back 9

Neutralizer

Front 10

The muscle that causes action.

Back 10

Prime Mover

Front 11

A single sided or unbalanced load or weight distribution.

Back 11

Asymetrical Load

Front 12

Sum of all forces and torque acting on a body are equal.

Back 12

Static Equalibrium

Front 13

A stable state characterized by the cancellation of all forces by equal opposing forces.

Back 13

Balance

Front 14

Change in position that occurs when all points on an object move the same distance, in the same direction, and at the same time

Back 14

Linear Motion

Front 15

Occurs when all points on a body move in circles around a fixed axis.

Back 15

Angular Motion

Front 16

When an object displays a combination of both rotary and translatory movement.

Back 16

General Motion

Front 17

The time rate of change of position of a body without regard to direction.

Back 17

Speed

Front 18

Rate of motion or performance.

Back 18

Velocity

Front 19

A change in the velocity of an object.

Back 19

Acceleration

Front 20

Mass of an object times the linear velocity of the object.

Back 20

Linear Momentum

Front 21

The capacity to do work.

Back 21

Energy

Front 22

Transfer of energy by a force acting to displace a body. Equal to the product of the force and the distance through which it produces movement.

Back 22

Work

Front 23

The energy possessed by a body because of its motion.

Back 23

Kinetic Energy

Front 24

Energy stored by an object by virtue of its motion.

Back 24

Potential Energy

Front 25

Time rate of doing work.

Back 25

Power

Front 26

A unit of power in the international system of units equal to one joule per second.

Back 26

Watt

Front 27

The turning effect created by a force about an axis.

Back 27

Torque

Front 28

Force whose line of action passes through the center of gravity of an object.

Back 28

Centric Force

Front 29

Force whose line of action does not pass through the center of gravity of an object.

Back 29

Eccentric Force

Front 30

The distance between the fulcrum and the resistance point.

Back 30

Resistance Arm

Front 31

Torque created by a pair of oppositely directed forces about an axis.

Back 31

Force Couples

Front 32

The rotation of a muscle's pull to the joint.

Back 32

Line of action

Front 33

The point where the mass of the object is equally balanced, also called the center of mass.

Back 33

Center of Gravity

Front 34

A group of body segments that are connected by joints so that the segments operate together to provide a wide range of motion for a limb.

Back 34

Kinetic Chain

Front 35

As a rotating body spins about an external or internal axis (either fixed or unfixed), it opposes any change in the body's speed of rotation that may be caused by force.

Back 35

Rotational Inertia

Front 36

The product of the momentum of a rotating body and its distance from the axis of rotation. In lay terms, the amount of rotation of the body.

Back 36

Angular Momentum

Front 37

Role of a muscle whose torque opposes the action referred to or muscle referred to.

Back 37

Antagonist

Front 38

Role of a muscle whose torque aids in the action, referred to as the prime mover.

Back 38

Agonist

Front 39

The force production relationship between an agonist and antagonist muscle or group of muscles.

Back 39

Strength Balance