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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fossil
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Trace of long-dead organism.
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Mold
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Imprint in rock in the shape of an organism.
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Cast
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Rocklike model of the organism.
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Law of superposition
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The successive layers of rock or soil were deposited ontop of one another by wind or water.
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Relative age
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Giving age comparing it to younger or older than another fossil
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Absolute Age
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Could be estimated from the amount of sediment deposited above the fossil.
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Extinct
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The dying out of a species.
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Mass extinctions
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Period of where a large number of species disappeared.
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Bio geography
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The study of the geographical distribution of fossils and of living organism.
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Acquired trait
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One that is not determined by genes.
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Natural selection
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Organisms best suited to their environment reproduce more successfully than other organism.
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Population
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All of the members of a species that live in the same area and make up breeding groups
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Uniformitarianism
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Geological strcutre of Earth resulted from cycle of observable processes and these continue through time.
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Adapt
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change in genes over generations to become from suited for there environment.
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Fitness
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A single organism's genetic contribution to the next generation.
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Homologous & Example
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Similar features found in an ancestor. Forearms from Alligator to human.
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Analogous & Example
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Features serve identical functions, and look somewhat alike.
Humming bird and Humming moth |
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Vestigial & Example
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Features were useful to an ancestor, but not useful to the modern organism.
Tailbone in human. |
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Conserved & Example
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Have remained unchanged.
Genes for whales that were once on land. |
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Convergent Evolution & Example
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Organisms that seem to appear similar, but are not closely related.
Sharks and fishes. |
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Divergent Evolution
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Two or more related populations or species become more and more dissimilar.
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Adaptive radiation & Example
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Many related species evolve from a single ancestral species. Galapagos finches
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Artificaial Selction
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Process of divergence can be sped up artificially.
All domestic dogs. |
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Coevolution & Example
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Change in two or more species in close association with each other.
Plant and the animals that pollinate them. |
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Adaptive Advantage
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Favorable trait giving the organism and advantage.
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