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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metabolism |
Sum total of every single chem reaction happening in cells of our body |
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Catabolic reaction |
Where large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules |
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Anabolic reaction |
Where small molecules are joined together to make larger molecules |
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Organic compounds |
Large molecules containing carbon e.g. carbs, amino acids, lipids |
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enzymes |
Biological catalysts Usually made up of proteins and increase RoR without being destroyed or altered during chem reaction. They are specific to a specific substrate |
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Lock & Key hypothesis |
Each enzymes combine with one particular substrate and is involved in a specific reaction as the both the shapes is unique to each other. Part of enzyme molecule that fix on substrate is called active site |
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Factors affecting enzyme axtivity |
Concentration of enzyme Temperature of environment pH of environment Co- factor |
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Concentration of enzume |
By doubling conc, RoR increases and time taken is halved |
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Temp of environment |
37 deg is optimum temp for enzymes in humans. >37 deg, molecules will move faster, RoR increases. >40 deg, enzymes will denature and can no longer fit substrate, chemical reactions cannot occur and human dies. <37 deg, enzymes move slower. RoR decreases, chemical reactions aren’t occurring fast enough, human dies |
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pH of envrionemnt |
Where and enzyme is working will affect optimum RoR |
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Co-Factor |
Co-enzymes: if co-factor is organic e.g. B-Vitamins Activating Ions: if co-factor is inorganic e.g. Na+ Zn2+ Cu2+ |
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Cellular respiration |
Is the production of energy in cells of our body |
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General respiration equation |
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + heat + energy Glucose = C6H12O6 Energy = 38 ATP |
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Types of respiration |
Anaerobic respiration Aerobic respiration |
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Anaerobic respiration |
Glucose - glycolysis-> 2 pyruvic acid molecules -if no O2-> 2 lactic acid molecules + 2 ATP molecules |
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Aerobic Respiration |
Glucose -glycolysis-> 2 pyruvic acid molecules + 6 oxygen molecules -> 6 carbon dioxide molecules + 6 water molecules + 38 ATP |
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ATP & ADP |
Adenosine Tri Phosphate Adenosine Di Phosphate |
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Energy use |
Building complex molecules Cell division & growth Movement of cell organelles & cell Maintains cell organisation Active transport transmission nerve impulse |
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Nutrients |
Water (chemical reactions occur) Carbohydrates (glucose, main energy source) Lipids (energy source) Proteins (amino acids) Minerals (co-factor, enzymes) Vitamins (co-factor, enzymes) |
