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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleus |
Usually spherical/ oval shape and is about 5 micrometres in diameter.
Large organelle containing most of the cells DNA and genetic materials. A nuclear membrane seperates this from the cytoplasm. |
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Plasma/ Cell Membrane |
It surrounds the cell creating an outer boundary and is made up of a double layer of lipid molecules and associated proteins.
This separates the nucleus from it's neighbouring cells and the external environment. The membrane structure has numerous 'nuclear pores' which determine what substances can get in and out of a cell. |
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Lysosome |
Small 'spherical' shape.
They contain enzymes that are able to break down proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and some carbohydrates. They break down materials that are taken into the `cell or break down worn out organelles. |
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Golgi Apparatus |
A series of flattened, disc - shaped sacs, stacked one on top of each other and connected with the ER.
The Golgi stores, modifies and packages proteins. It 'tags' proteins so they can go to their correct destination. |
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Centrioles |
Under a microscope, they're small, featureless particles, about 0.25 micrometeres in diameter.
Microtubular structures associated with nuclear division |
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Ribosomes |
Small, 20 micrometres in length.
They manufacture proteins. They're made up of ribosomal RNA and protein. They may be free in the cytoplasm or associated with the surface of the endoplasmic riticulum. |
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Mitochondria |
1.5 micrometres x 2.8 micrometres, bound by a double membrane.
These organelles are the cell's energy transformers and convert chemical energy into APT. (single: mitochindrion, plural: mitochondria) |
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Endoplasmic Riticulum |
Comprises a network of tubules and flattened sacs.
ER (endoplasmic riticulum) is continuous with the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane. Smooth ER is a site for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, including hormone system. |
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Cytoplasm |
A watery solution.
This contains dissolved substances, enzymes and the cell organelles and structures. The cytoplasm of liver cells contains the stored carbohydrate as glycogen.
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Cytoskeleton |
Consists of microfilament and microtubules that give the cell it's shape.
Assists in the movement of materials, organelles or the whole cell. |
