Biology: Homeostasis

Front 1

What is homeostasis?

Back 1

How organisms maintain internal environments to an optimal degree.

Front 2

What is a physiological response?

Back 2

Is an automatic response or reaction that triggers a physiological response within the body to a stimulus.

Front 3

What is a Stimulus?

Back 3

A detectable change in the internal or external environment which then evokes a physiological response.

Front 4

What are tolerance limits?

Back 4

The upper and lower limits to the range of particular environmental factors within an organism in which it can survive.

Front 5

What are the types of responses that can help maintain homeostasis?

Back 5

Structural, physiological and behavioural.

Front 6

What’s the stimulus response model?

Back 6

Stimulus: detected internally or externally -> effector: message is recieved -> which brings about a response

Front 7

What are the 4 receptors?

Back 7

Thermoreceptors, osmoreceptors, glucoreceptors and chemoreceptors.

Front 8

What do thermoreceptors do?

Back 8

Regulate temperature.

Front 9

What do osmoreceptors do?

Back 9

Regulate water and solute levels.

Front 10

What do glucoreceptors regulate?

Back 10

They regulate glucose levels.

Front 11

What do chemoreceptors regulate?

Back 11

Blood pH levels through breathing rate.

Front 12

What is the endocrine system?

Back 12

A system of glands that release hormones into the blood stream.

Front 13

What are the 3 types of hormones?

Back 13

Protein, peptides and steroids.

Front 14

What is type 2 diabetes?

Back 14

Body cells become resistant to insulin. Beta cells are typically functioning perfectly, receptors become damaged and cannot respond to the insulin. This is not born with.

Front 15

What is hyperglycaemia?

Back 15

High glucose levels

Front 16

What is hypoglycaemia?

Back 16

Low glucose levels.

Front 17

How is type 1 diabetes managed?

Back 17

Through blood glucose measurements and insulin shots.

Front 18

How is type 2 diabetes managed?

Back 18

Through healthy diet and exercise. This can be reversed before too damaged.

Front 19

Protein and peptides bind to receptors?

Back 19

True

Front 20

Steroids binds to receptors?

Back 20

False they diffuse over the cell membrane.

Front 21

Which is a faster response? Hormones or nerves?

Back 21

Nerves.

Front 22

How do hormones activate?

Back 22

When matching with the correct specified receptor.

Front 23

What do endocrine glands do?

Back 23

Secrete hormones into the blood stream.

Front 24

What is negative feedback?

Back 24

Works by initiating corrective mechanisms whenever there is a deviance of the tolerance levels.

Front 25

What is the action of insulin?

Back 25

Insulin lowers the glucose levels in the blood by initiating the conversion of glucose into glycogen.

Front 26

What is the action of glucagon?

Back 26

The action of glucagon is to increase glucose levels by breaking down glycogen into glucose.

Front 27

What is type 1 diabetes?

Back 27

The beta cells in the liver can not produce enough insulin. People are born with type 1.

Front 28

What is the nervous system?

Back 28

The nervous system is a system of neurones throughout the body That carry information rapidly in the form of electrical impulses.