Biol 318 Test 2

Front 1

wht is the oddball hormone and why

Back 1

Thyroxin, its on the short list, monamine derviitave, hydrophobic, but its fat soulable but moves thru fat but water soluable

Front 2

wht are the ant. pit. hormones

Back 2

FOlicle stimulating hormones (Fsh), Lutnizin hormone (LH),, Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Growth hormone (HG), Prolactin (PRL), and Adenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Front 3

WHat is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), what does it do , where

Back 3

it acts on the ovaries, stimulated the development of eggs, and their folliculie, IN TESTES, stim. production of sprem

Front 4

what is Lutenizing hormone, what it do, where,

Back 4

LH, females- stimulates ovulation and the corpus luteum to secret estrogen and progesterone, MALES, stim. intersticial cells to secrete testosterone

Front 5

what is Thyroind stimulating hormone, what it do , where

Back 5

TSH- stim. growth of thyroid gland and the secretion of thyroid horomne, has wide spread effect ont eh bodys metabolism

Front 6

what is growth hormone, what it do , where

Back 6

GH/somotropin, produced in atn pit, at leats 100 times as much as any other hormone, promots mitosis and cellular differentiation, widespread growth of catilage, bone , muscle and fat, secreted at night . promotes Na+, K+, and Cl- reteintion in the kidneys adn makes the electrolytes avail to the growth tissue

Front 7

what is prolactin, what it do , where

Back 7

PRL- stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk

Front 8

what is adenocorticotrophic homrone, what it do, where

Back 8

stim. adrenal cortex to secret cortisol (stress hormone) regulates glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

Front 9

Paravetnricular neucleus, waht it make, where located

Back 9

its located in the posterior pit, responsible for Oxytocin

Front 10

supraoptic neucleus , where is it, what it make

Back 10

located in the post. pit., makes ADH anti diuretic hormone

Front 11

wht cells are made in the pancreas

Back 11

beta cells - insulin, alpha cells- glucagon, delta cells- GHIH (somatostatin)

Front 12

how do fat soluable hormones work

Back 12

gene activating- need to be transported by carrier protein, (bound) cholesterol and thyroxine derivatives, posses a longer half life. enter thru cell wall and crack the genitic whip

Front 13

how do water soluable hormones work

Back 13

cAMP, un bound hormones more veunerable , shorter half life, broken down eliminated thru kidney,

Front 14

what are the two types of glands

Back 14

endocrine(swet glands, slavary glands, ) exocrine

Front 15

holocrine releases what

Back 15

oils, holocrin secretions are thicker thatn merocrine

Front 16

merocrine glands relese how where

Back 16

release from pancreas tear glands, gastric glands

Front 17

wht to apocrine glands release

Back 17

milk

Front 18

two kinds of hormones,

Back 18

traditional nad local

Front 19

diff btx autocrine and paracrine

Back 19

auto effects its own cell, paracrine effects the tissue around it

Front 20

how do traditional hormones works.

Back 20

released from an endocrine glans, picked up by cap. bed, carried to its destination, the glands that produce thiese are very vascular, ant the capallaries are fenustrated to allo lg hormones in

Front 21

two way histamines work

Back 21

1) as a hormone they are produced by a cell affecting that region, as a neurotransmitter its released in a synaptic space

Front 22

what are the 5 types of hormone chemistrys

Back 22

oligopeptides, poly peptides, glycoproteins, monoamines, sterodial

Front 23

what is th eprimary way water solubale hoormones work thru camp

Back 23

atp- Camp- protein kinases

Front 24

what can Camp activate

Back 24

1) effect membrane potenital (open/close pores) 2 synithsise hormones, 3 turn molecules off/ on, encourage secretion, stimulate mitosis

Front 25

what is the primary messenger

Back 25

the hormone that attatches to the recepton on outside of cell

Front 26

whar are protein kinases

Back 26

specific sets of enzymes that do certian metabolic things. camps job is to locate these and activeate them to do one of the five jobs

Front 27

what hormone as a second mesenger may encourage mitosis

Back 27

GH

Front 28

what hormone can be activated by camp

Back 28

acth, fsh, tsh, glucagon, calcitonin, lh,pth

Front 29

how does ADH/LHRH work

Back 29

attactches to receptor, activates Gprotein, gprotein activates the phospolipase makes pip2,pip2 split in to dag(ADH) and pip3(lhrh), tDAG,trigers formation of aquapores to pull water out of urine to save Pip3 allows Ca+ to enter cell which can atcivate portein kinases and act as a 3rd messenger

Front 30

most important thing about DAG and IP3

Back 30

they influence levesl of Ca+

Front 31

steps of gene activation

Back 31

horomne leaves gland- passes thru cell membrane- combines with protein receptor and enters nucleus, cracks genetic whip, activates dna fro transcription/translation which leads to protein synthises

Front 32

what does estrogen affect

Back 32

fat cells

Front 33

what does aldosterone effect

Back 33

pumpers for na/k

Front 34

what does progesteron effect

Back 34

uterine gland activity

Front 35

what doens cortiso effect

Back 35

metabolism and stress

Front 36

what does testosterone effect

Back 36

actin and myosin (muscles)

Front 37

what does thyroxine effect

Back 37

metabolism of carbs and production

Front 38

how deos the nervoise system influence the production of hormones

Back 38

influences the glandular tissue but does not control it, only ex of it being lg, influence on when signal sent to the adrenal medula and releases epinephrine which affects the whole body

Front 39

what is humoral control

Back 39

when two differens horomnes are used to maintain a nromal level iwthin the body, ex insulin and glucagon, parathromone/calcitonin

Front 40

what is the vein tha tconnects the primary and secondary cap. bed in the ant. pit

Back 40

the hypophisioportal vein

Front 41

where are the targe cells located

Back 41

outside the 2nd cap bed in ant pit

Front 42

what are the two kinds of target cells in the ant pit

Back 42

chromophils (can be stained) red- called acidophills, blue - basophills.

chromophobes ( take no stain)

Front 43

what are the acidophils

Back 43

GHRH, GHIH, PRH,PIH, contains the inhibiting and realeasing hormones

Front 44

what are the baseophills

Back 44

TSHRH, CTH, FSHRH, LHRH

Front 45

what is the stop emzyme that breaks down the hormone

Back 45

phosphodiesterase

Front 46

what is the final target cell for testosterone,

Back 46

interstical cell of testes- sustentaclular cell of seminiferous tubules( stored for sprem prodiciton), can encourage bone production, mens vocal chords, in puberty goes to brain for male labido

Front 47

Fshrh works how

Back 47

goes to womans ovary camp tells to make estrogen which goes to ft cells of hip or breats makes it make more cells

Front 48

how does Tshrh work

Back 48

thyrope (target cell in ant. pit) makes tsh- goes to thyroid folliclue- makes thyroxine

Front 49

how does CTH work

Back 49

trget cell ant pit (corticotrope)- makes acth- adrenal cortex- cortisol

Front 50

how does surpa optic neucleus work

Back 50

has osmoreceptors in the extra cellular fluid, isotonic within the cells and fluid ar ok. when becomes hypertonic water is take out of the cell , making the cell cranky, this "kicks' adjacent receptor surfaces causeing action potentials, sends messages down to the herring bodies wher ethe adh is stored and causes its release, adh goes to kidney and enters (DAg happenes) makes aqua pores open allows to pull water out of potential urine. alchohol surpesss production of adh therefore u get dehydrated