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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The name "Sheep Dog" is an example of a...?
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a. common name
b. Scientific Name c. Classification Name d. Binomial |
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A ___ is defined as a refion on a stem where leaves or branches arise.
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Node
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Cladophora represents...
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...Branched filamentous organisms
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What is the genus name in Quercus albus?
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Quercus
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Alternative forms of genes are called?
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Alleles
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In meiosis, the # of chromosomes is _____, and in mitosis it is _______
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halved, remains the same
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Are the nuclei of the gametes from humans diploid or haploid?
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Haploid
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Interphase is...
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the replication of DNA
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Mitosis is...
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the overall duplication of the nucleus
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Cytokenises is...
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the division of the cytoplasm in cells at the end of mitosis
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Location where two sister chromatids are attached in a chromosome?
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centromere
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A species has a diploid chromosom # of 64. What is the Haploid number?
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32
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Individuals responsible for constructiong the first model of DNA structure were
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Crick and Watson
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Deoxyribose is
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-a five carbon sugar
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Nucleotide MAY consist of
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-deoxyribose OR ribose
-purines OR pyrimidines -phosphate groups |
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What is an example of a base pairing principle in deoxyribose?
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adenine-thymine
guanine-cytosine |
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What is an example of a base pairing principle in ribose?
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adenine-uracil
guanine-cytosine |
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Nitrogen-containing bases between two complementary DNA strands are joined by
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hydrogen bonds
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The difference between deoxyribose and ribose is that ribose
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has one more oxygen atom than deoxyribose has
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Takes place during interphase, results in two double helices from one, is semiconservative
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DNA replication
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Transcription of DNA
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results in formation of a complementary strand of RNA
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3-base sequence of nucleotides on tRNA
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anticodon
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Bacterial plasmids
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are the only genetic material in bacteria
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takes place during S-phase of cell cycle, DNA chromatids duplicate themselves into two separate chromosomes so that both contain same DNA
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Replication
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DNA helix unwinds and an RNA using the nucleotide sequence of 1 of the DNA strands as a pattern
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Transcription
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conversion of linear msg coded on mRNA to a linear strand of amindo acids to form polypeptides
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Translation
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3 based sequence on mRNA
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Codon
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Complementary 3-Based sequence on tRNA
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AntiCodon
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What does it mean to say DNA replication is semiconservative?
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Each of the parent strands remain in tact; a new complementary strand is formed on it
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In a monohybrid cross
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only one trait is being considered
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The genetic makeup of an organism is its
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genotype
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Phenotype is
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the physical appearance and physiology of an organism, resulting from interactions of its genetic makeup and its environment
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An allele whose expression is completedly masked by the expression or effect of its allelic partner is
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recessive
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when both dominant and recessive alleles are present within a single nucleus, the organism is ____ for the trait
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heterozygous
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A punnett square is used to determine
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the possible genetic outcome of a cross
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The gametophyte of a fern is
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haploid, photoautotrophic, a structure that produces eggs and-or sperm
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A chi-square test is used to
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determine if experimental data adequately matches what was expected
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Possible gamete genotypes produced by an individual of genotype PpDd are...
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PD, Pd, pD, and pd
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If you can roll your tongue,
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you have at least one copy of the dominant allele T
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Each organism contains 2 alleles for each trait and the alleles separate in meiosis
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Mendel's law of segregation as it applies to the distribution of alleles in gametes.
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The term "2n" means
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the diploid chromosome number is present, and chromosomes within a single nuvleus exist in homologous pairs
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In higher animals, meiosis results in the production of
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eggs, gametes, and sperm
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If both homologous chromosomes of each pair exist in the same nucleus, that nucleus is
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Diploid
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DNA duplication occurs during
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Interphase
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Nondisjunction
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When chromosomes separate unevenly to separate poles in meiosis. Results in gametes with abnormal chromosom numbers, occurs at anaphase
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Humans have how many chromosomes
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46`
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Gaetogenesis in male animals results in
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four sperm
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If a cell of an organism has 46 chromosomes before meiosis, how many chromosomes will exist in each nucleas after?
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23
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What basice difference exists between th elife cycles of higher plants and higher animals
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Plants have spores, animals have gametes
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Reproduction in prokaryotes occurs primarily through the process known as
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fission
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The genetic material (DNA) of eukaryotes is organized into
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chromosomes
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The process of cytoplasmic division is known as
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cytokinesis
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the product of chromosome duplication is
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two sister chromatids
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The correct sequence of MITOSIS is
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prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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During Prophase, duplicated chromosomes
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consist of chromatids, contain centromeres, consist of nucleoproteins
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During the S period of interphase
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synthesis (replication) of the nucleoproteins takes place
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Chromatid separate during
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Anaphase
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Occurs in plant cells but not animal cells, usually begins during telophase, is a result of fusion of Golgi vesicles, is a form of Cytokinesis
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Cell Plate Formation
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Centrioles and a starburst cluster of spindle fibers would be found in
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only animal cells
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If the chromosome number is 16 before mitosis, what is the chromosome number after?
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16
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In plants, what name is given to a region where mitosis occurs most frequently?
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Meristems
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Cleavage Furrows
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Cytokinesis in animal cells
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The name "human" is an example of a
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common name
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current scientific thought places organisms in one of how many kingdoms?
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6
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A binomial is always a how many part name?
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two
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the science of classifying and naming organisms
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taxonomy
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Dichotomizes means
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a road that forks into two
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Most scientific names are derrived from what language
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latin
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Phylogeny is the apparent
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ancestry of an organism
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What is the most important compound for sustenance of life?
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Water
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In plants, what name is given to a region where mitosis occurs most frequently?
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Meristems
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Cleavage Furrows
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Cytokinesis in animal cells
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The name "human" is an example of a
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common name
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current scientific thought places organisms in one of how many kingdoms?
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6
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A binomial is always a how many part name?
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two
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the science of classifying and naming organisms
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taxonomy
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Dichotomizes means
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a road that forks into two
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Most scientific names are derrived from what language
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latin
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Phylogeny is the apparent
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ancestry of an organism
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What is the most important compound for sustenance of life?
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Water
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The person who first used to term cell was
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Hooke
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All cells contain...
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DNA, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm
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Prokaryotic cells lack
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a true nucleus
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the word eukaryotic refers specifically to a cell containing
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a true nucleus
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a bacterium is an example of a _____
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Prokaryotic cell
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Methylene blue
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is a biological stain used to increase contrast of cellular constituents
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components typical of plant cells but not animal cells are
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cell walls
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a central vacuole is found
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only in plant cells, takes up a large amount of the cell's interior
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The intracellular spaces between plant cells conatain
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air
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Surrounds the nucleus, surrounds mitochondria, consists of two membranes
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nuclear envelope
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Is it possible for a cell to contain more than one nucleus?
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Yes, cytoplasmic streaming
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