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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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There is a Z diagram of photosynthesis I and II in module 8.5. This diagram shows the reaction centers being excited by light. Between photosystem II and photosystem I the electrons pass some energy through the b6-f complex to generate a [a]. After the electron gains energy again in photosystem I, the energy is finally used to reduce NADP to NADPH by the enzyme [b]. |
a. proton gradient b. NADPH reductase |
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During oxidative phosphorylation, the proteins of the electron transport chain move hydrogen ions (protons, H+) |
across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. |
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A plant that makes macromolecules from carbon dioxide using the energy from the sun is |
an autotroph and a photoautotroph. |
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During the oxidation of pyruvate,
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carbon dioxide, acetyl-CoA and NADH are made. |
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When there is no oxygen available and ethanol is the electron acceptor instead of oxygen, it is called |
ethanol fermentation. |
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Both chloroplasts and mitochondria |
evolved by endosymbiosis. |
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When there is no oxygen in a cell, the electron transport chain stops because there is nothing to accept the low-energy electron. Oxygen usually accepts the electron and two protons to make water. One consequence of a lack of oxygen is the accumulation of NADH, and a lack of NAD+. In muscle cells when there is no oxygen, NAD+ is regenerated by |
lactic acid fermentation generating lactate. |
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We talk about glucose as the classic input into cellular respiration, but other substrates can be fed into the pathways to generate ATP. Which of the following is least likely to generate ATP from parts of the cellular respiration pathways in eukaryotes in the presence of oxygen? |
hydrogen sulfide (H2S). |
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When fat is used to generate ATP instead of using glucose, then |
two carbon atoms from a fatty acid convert CoA into acetyl-CoA to enter the Krebs cycle. |
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During glycolysis |
NADH and ATP are made, and glucose is broken down. |
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Glycolysis |
makes G3P then pyruvate. |
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The carbon fixation cycle is also called the Calvin Cycle, the light-independent reactions, or the dark reactions. During carbon fixation cycle carbon, inorganic ________ is converted to organic carbon-based molecules, liked glucose. |
carbon dioxide. |
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To start the carbon fixation cycle, the enzyme _________ catalyzes the reaction of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) and carbon dioxide to form 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA). |
rubisco. |
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Converting carbon dioxide to glucose during the carbon fixation reactions is endergonic. The energy to drive the reactions of the carbon fixation cycle is provided by the light reactions in the form of [a] and [b]. |
a. ATP b. NADPH |
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Think about how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related. Which of the following connects the light reactions and the electron transport chain? |
oxygen, water |
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Think about how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related. Which of the following connects the electron transport chain and the oxidation of pyruvate/Krebs Cycle? |
NAD+, NADH |
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Think about how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related. Which of the following connects cellular respiration and the Calvin Cycle (carbon fixation cycle)? |
carbon dioxide, glucose, and pyruvate |
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Think about how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are related. Which of the following connects the the Calvin Cycle (carbon fixation cycle) to the light reactions? |
ATP, NADPH |
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An ________ is a plot of the efficiency at which a pigment absorbs light of different wavelengths. |
absorption spectrum |
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_________ has a complex organic ring structure with a magnesium ion in the middle. It converts light energy into chemical energy. It is similar to hemoglobin, which is another pigment you may be familiar with. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells. |
Chlorophyll |
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The ________ is also called the light-harvesting complex. It collects light energy and transmits them to the chlorophylls in the reaction center. |
antenna complex |
