Bible 104-Module 1

Front 1

Textural Criticism

Back 1

The science that attempts to discover the original texts of ancient documents.

Front 2

Theory of Translation

Back 2

Whether one puts primary emphasis on formal or functional equivalency. The degree to which one is willing to go in order to bridge the gap between two languages.

Front 3

What is original language?
What is receptor language?

Back 3

Language translating FROM.
Language translating INTO.

Front 4

What is historical distance?

Back 4

Differences between the original and receptor languages in both words, grammar, idioms, culture and history.

Front 5

Formal equivalence

Back 5

Attempt to keep as close to the "form" of the Hebrew or Greek, both words and grammar, as can be put into understandable English.
Translations will keep historical distance in tact at all points.

Front 6

Functional equivalence

Back 6

Attempt to keep the meaning of the Hebrew or Greek but to put THEIR words and idioms into what would be the normal way in English.
Translations keep all historical distance but "update" matter of language, grammar and style.

Front 7

Free Translation

Back 7

aka Paraphrase. Attempt to translate the IDEAS from one language to another, with less concern about using the exact words of the original.

Front 8

What is the absolute central element in Hebrew narrative? Why?

Back 8

Characters/characterization.
Words and actions are predominant. Hebrew narrative is simply not interested in creating a visual image of the characters, more important are matters of status, profession or tribal designation.

Front 9

Hebrew narrative moves at a much faster pace.

Back 9

True.

Front 10

What are the reasons for the use of the structural features 'repetition' and 'inclusion' according to the text?

Back 10

Repetition-Pervades Hebrew narrative, repeats key words. resumes the narrative after an interruption or detour. Stereotyped patterns.
Inclusion-Technical term for the form of repetition where a narrative is begun and brought to conclusion on the same note or in the same way. Chiasm and foreshadowing is a form.

Front 11

What is the implicit teaching component found in Biblical narratives?

Back 11

God's presence.

Front 12

How much of the literary genre in the OT is narrative?

Back 12

40%. It is also the most misinterpreted and misapplied segment of Scripture.

Front 13

What are narratives?

Back 13

Purposeful stories retelling the historical events of the past that are intended to give meaning and direction for a given people in the present.

Front 14

What is the crucial difference between Biblical narratives and other narratives?

Back 14

Hebrew-Presence of God
Biblical-God is the ultimate character, supreme hero of the story.

Front 15

What are protagonist and antagonist?

Back 15

Protagonist is the main character.
Antagonist is the main character's enemy, who causes the conflict of the main character.

Front 16

Define internal and external evidence.

Back 16

Internal-Evidence we gain from the story.
External-Evidence we gain from OUTSIDE the story.

Front 17

Narratives are not....
What kind of teaching takes place?

Back 17

Permissions or obligations to do the same thing that someone in the Bible did.
The kind of teaching that takes place is the learning of God's word.

Front 18

What is implicit?

Back 18

What is clearly present in the story but not stated in so many words. Things the narrator has embedded in the story that you might miss.

Front 19

Narratives can be explicit (clearly stating something) or implicit (not stated clearly)?

Back 19

True.

Front 20

What implicit teachings are found in Ruth?

Back 20

1) Ruth converted to faith in the Lord
2) Boaz was a righteous Israelite
3) A foreign woman belongs to the ancestry of King David
4) Bethlehem was an exceptional town

Front 21

Why are narratives precious to us?

Back 21

They vividly demonstrate God's involvement in the world and illustrate his principles and calling.

Front 22

What are the 6 problem areas of translation?

Back 22

Weights, measures and money, Euphemisms, Vocabulary, Wordplays, Grammar and syntax, and Matters of gender.

Front 23

Weights, measures and money

Back 23

Making sure we get the right equivalent.

Front 24

Euphemisms

Back 24

1. Literal translation 2. Formal equivalent translation 3. Functional equivalent translation (preferred)

Front 25

Vocabulary

Back 25

Finding the words in both languages that have the same meaning.

Front 26

Wordplays

Back 26

Unique to the original language and can almost never be translated into the receptor language.

Front 27

Grammar and syntax

Back 27

Each language has its own preferred structures as to how words and ideas are related to each other in sentences.

Front 28

Matters of gender

Back 28

The problem of using masculine language where women are included.

Front 29

Name the most common errors of interpretation people commit when reading biblical narratives.

Back 29

Allegorizing, Decontextualizing, Selectivity, Moralizing, Personalizing, Misappropriation, False Appropriation, False Combination and Redefinition.

Front 30

Allegorizing

Back 30

Relegating text to reflect another meaning beyond the text.

Front 31

Decontextualizing

Back 31

Ignoring full historical and literary contexts. Concentrating on small units and miss interpretational cues.

Front 32

Selectivity

Back 32

Picking and choosing specific words and phrases while ignoring others as well as the overall sweep of the narrative being studied.

Front 33

Moralizing

Back 33

Assumption that principles for living can be derived from all passages.

Front 34

Personalizing

Back 34

Aka Individualizing. Reading Scripture and supposing that any/all parts apply to you (or group) in a way they do not apply to anyone else. Self-centered reading.

Front 35

Misappropriation
(Closely related to Personalizing)

Back 35

Appropriate text for purposes that are quite foreign to the biblical narrative.

Front 36

False Appropriation
(Another form of Decontextualizing)

Back 36

To read into biblical narrative suggestions or ideas that come from contemporary culture that are simultaneously foreign to the narrator's purpose and contradictory to his point of view.

Front 37

False Combination

Back 37

Combines elements from here and there from a passage and makes a point out of their combination, even though the element themselves are not directly connected in the passage itself.

Front 38

Redefinition

Back 38

Plain meaning of the text leaves people cold, producing no immediate spiritual delight or saying something other than what they wish it said, as they are often tempted to redefine it to mean something else.