Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
*All events have causes & occur lawfully as a result of other events |
Lawfulness of Behavior |
|
|
Behavior is determined by organic & environmental variables Organic - genetics - physical attributes - bio-chemical factors - neurological factors Environmental - current environmental events/organisms - previous experience w/these or similar conditions (i.e. history ofpunishment, pairing, extinction) |
Determinants of Behavior |
|
|
*The effect of the stimulus on a specific response may be innate, due to the evolutionary history of that species *Innate functional relations are called unconditioned or unlearned |
Selectionism (Phylogenic) |
|
|
*The effect of the stimulus on a specific response may be learned, due to the experiential history of the individual organism in the environment *These learned functional relations are called learned or conditioned |
Selectionism (Ontogenic) |
|
|
*When bx is passed from one member of a group to another. Culture & cultural norm are established through selection by consequence for group survival |
Selectionism (Cultural)
|
|
|
*Bx is lawful. The universe is a lawful & orderly place. All phenomena occur as a result of other events. Bx is a function of genetics & the environment |
Determinism |
|
|
*Bx can be studied scientifically *Objective observation w/thorough description & quantification of the phenomena of interest, bx, with regard to behavioral dimensions *Induction is used to derive scientific facts |
Empiricism |
|
|
*Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered
*AKA Ocham's Razor |
Parsimony |
|
|
*Inductive reasoning, drawing general rules based on specific observation & on practical rather than theoretical considerations |
Pragmatism |
|
|
*Explanation of bx using private events, hypothetical constructs & explanatory fictions *Assumes that mental or inner dimension exists that differs from a bx dimension |
Mentalistic Explanations of Behavior |
|
|
*A comprehensive analysis of human bx based upon contingencies of reinforcement in a person's life (ontogenic variables) as well as what natural selection has chosen for the species (phylogenic variables) *Provides little room for explanations of bx based on nominal hypothetical constructs such as "will", "self", & other explanatory fictions *Summary labels of bx (such as traits, states, attitudes, & diagnostic categories) are used to explain bx *Description becomes an explanation, but the supposed cause cannot be observed independently of the bx it is supposed to explain *Teleological explanations; future events, mistakenly are used to explain bx - In order to... - Trying to get... - He will... |
Explanatory Fictions |
|
|
Traits States Attitudes - shy - happy - progressive - lazy - angry - conservative - honest - frustrated - pro-choice - extroverted - in love - prejudiced - anti-authoritarian Diagnoses - ADHD - Depression - Schizophrenia - Autistic Disorder |
Explanatory Fiction Category Examples |
|
|
*A scientific approach to the study of functional relations btwn bx & the environment *A natural science like biology, not a social science like psychology 5 Branches 1. Conceptual Analysis of Behavior 2. Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB) 3. Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) 4. Behavior Analytic Practice 5. Behavioral Technology |
Behavior Analysis |
|
|
*The philosophy underlying Behavior Analysis *Rejects as causal variables the "mind", "will" & "self" & other hypothetical constructs as explanatory fictions *Determined by past & current environmental events in concert w/genetics & organic variables |
Behaviorism |
|
|
*A thoroughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events such as thoughts and feelings, in terms of controlling variables in the history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phylogeny) Skinner's Radical Behaviorism - Verbal bx - Private events - Utopian view- save the world! |
Radical Behaviorism |
|
|
*A philosophical position that views behavioral events cannot be publicly observed as outside the realm of science |
Methodological Behaviorism |
|
|
*Began w/Skinner's publication The Behavior of Organisms "BOO" in 1938 *Skinner emphasized that bx is of interest in its own right, not just as a symptom of something else *Skinner eschewed the formal development of testing "theories" that is the hypothetico-deductive model *Studied a few subjects intensively *EAB Provides scientific method for studying bx *Uses cumulative records, automated recording, in lab like conditions |
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB) |
|
|
Characteristics
1. Direct, repeated measurement of bx 2. Rate of response as basic datum, instead of number of errors present # of responses/unit of time 3. Visual inference instead of statistical inference (graphing) 4. Within subjects comparisons instead of group (statistical) designs (each subject is their own control |
Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB) |
|
|
*The design implementation & evaluation of environmental modifications to produce socailly significant improvements in human bx *Includes the use of - direct observation - measurement - functional analysis of relations btwn environment & bx *Based on findings of descriptive & functional analysis ABA uses antecedents/consequences to produce practical change. *Based on sound scientific principles *Has a solid research foundation that proves its effectiveness *Based on the belief that an individual's bx is determined by past & current environmental events in conjunction w/organic variables *Thus, it focuses on explaining bx in terms of external events that can be manipulated rather than internal constructs beyond our control |
Applied Behavior Analysis |
|
|
*Everything an organism does *The movement of an organism or its parts in a frame of reference provided by the organism or by various external objects or fields *Behavior is the interaction of the muscles & the glands of a live organism & the environment |
Behavior |
|
|
*A specific instance of behavior
(never includes antecedents) |
Response |
|
|
*Refers to the beginning, middle, & end of a response |
Response Cycle |
|
|
*Refers to the physical nature of responses. That is, the exact form, configuration or shape of the response, the appearance of the response, the force involved & the actual movement involved |
Topography |
|
|
*A group of 2 or more responses that show a common form |
Topographic Response Class |
|
|
*Refers to the effect of a response on the environment |
Function |
|
|
*A group of 2 ore more topographically different responses that have the same effect on the environment usually producing a specific class of responses i.e. Attention getting bx Food getting bx Task escape bx |
Functional Response Class |
|
|
*A change in the environment which can affect bx *An environmental event *Energy change that affects organism through its receptors |
Stimulus |
|
|
*A group of stimuli that share a certain characteristic *Stimuli which are members of the same stimulus class have similar effects on bx i.e. a reinforcer class |
Stimulus Class |
|
|
*The total constellation of stimuli which can affect bx *Both outside the skin of the organism & within the skin |
Environment |
|
|
*Behavior that is elicited by antecedent stimuli *Induced or brought out by a stimulus change that precedes the bx & nothing else is required for the response to occur i.e. bright light in the eyes (antecedent stimuli) will elicit pupil contraction (respondent bx) |
Respondent Behavior
|
|
|
*Part of an organisms genetic endowment, a product of natural evolution b/c of its survival value to the species *A simple relation btwn a specific stimulus & an innate involuntary response *In a reflex, a response is elicited by a stimulus *Reflexes are highly stereotypic; they are remarkably invariant in form, frequency, strength & time of appearance during development |
Reflex |
|
|
*Patellar reflex (knee jerk) *Eye blink *Pupillary reflex *Lachrimal reflex (tear secretion when particle is under the eye lid) *Respiratory reflex (inhale/exhale as the pressure of air in the lungs changes) *Sneeze reflex *Cough reflex *Rooting reflex (baby moves head toward a touch to the face) *Sucking reflex (baby sucks when nipple is placed near its mouth) *Salivation reflex *Swallowing reflex *Peristalsis reflex (swallowing triggers involuntary contraction in the esophagus) *Reverse peristalsis reflex (indigestible food in the stomach, AKA vomiting) *Low/high temperature reflexes (shivering, perspiration) *Reflexes related to sound *Withdrawal reflex (onset of pain stimulus to a hand/foot results in a person withdrawing the hand/foot) *Activation reflex (onset of stimulus that is intense, painful or unusual results in an increase in heart rate, adrenaline secretion, vasoconstriction of the visceral blood vessels, vasodilation of blood vessels in the skeletal muscles, galvanic skin response, pupil dilation, liver release of sugar to bloodstream |
Examples of Human Reflexes |
|
|
*A stimulus which elicits an uncontrolled response w/out prior learning; that is, due to an innate capacity to do so *Also called an unconditioned stimulus (US) *It is the simulus part of a reflex *Used only when speaking about stimuli that related to reflexes & respondent bx Never used to refer to stimuli that relate to operant behavior |
Unconditioned Stimulus |
|
|
*Food is the US in the salivation reflex *The puff of air is the US in the eye blink reflex *Rotten food is the US that elicits vomiting *The loud sound is the US that elicits contraction of the tensor tympani |
Examples of Unconditioned Stimuli |
|
|
*A response which is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus w/out prior learning; that is, due to phylogenic provenance *Also called an unconditioned response (UR) *It is the response part of a reflex |
Unconditioned Response |
|
|
*Salivating is the UR in the salivation reflex *Eye blinking is the UR in the eye blink reflex *Vomiting is the UR in the reverse peristalsis reflex *Contraction of the tensor tympani is the UR elicited by the loud sound |
Examples of Unconditioned Responses |
|
|
*Solely under the control of antecedent stimuli *The functional relation involved is described as an S-R relationship *Mediated by the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) *Respondent bx are elicited, they occur almost every single time a stimulus is presented *Some refer to it as "involuntary" bx *Respondent conditioning usually only involves simple pairing of stimuli |
Functional Relation Between Stimuli & Respondent Behavior |
|
|
*Food in the mouth elicits salivation *Hearing desription of food elicits salivation *Puff of air in the eye elicits blinking *Loud sound elicits activation syndrome *Sight of Dick Chaney elicits the activation syndrom |
Examples of Respondents |
|
|
*A stimulus which has no effect on bx
i.e. The sound of the bell before conditioning |
Neutral Stimulus |
|
|
*A stimulus which elicits a conditioned response due to prior learning- that is, due to ontogenic provenance *Also called a conditioned stimulus (CS) *The stimulus part of a conditioned reflex *Only used when speaking about stimuli that relate to reflexes & respondent bx. Never used to refer to stimuli that relate to operant bx |
Conditioned Stimulus |
|
|
*After conditioning, the bell ringing functions as a conditioned stimulus (CS) for the dog's salivation *After conditioning, the description of a meal functions as a conditioned stimulus for Don's salivation |
Examples of Conditioned Stimulus |
|
|
*A simple relation btwn a specific stimulus & an innate "involuntary" response *In a conditioned reflex, a response is elicited by a stimulus that has been paired w/an unconditioned stimulus *Learned through pairing of a neutral stimuli w/an unconditioned stimuli. *The conditioned response should be highly similar, if not identical to the unconditioned response |
Conditioned Reflex |
|
|
*Salivating dog, meat powder, bell *Salivating box, chx nuggets, golden arches *Puff of air & tune *Red porsche & crash |
Examples of Conditioned Reflexes |
|
|
*A response which is elicited by a conditioned stimulus due to prior learning, that is, due to ontogenic provenance *Also called a conditioned response, it is abbreviated as (CR). *It is the response part of a conditioned reflex |
Conditioned Response |
|
|
*The process through which a conditioned reflex is weakened by discontinuing to pair the CS with the US |
Respondent Extinction |
|
|
*The sudden reappearance of a previously extinguished CR *As a function of the passage of time during which the SC is not presented &/or the organism is in a different environment |
Respondent Spontaneous Recovery |
|
|
*If an eliciting stimulus is presented repeatedly over time (short span) the magnitude of the response will diminish & in some cases may not occur at all *A reduction in the strength of a reflex response brought about by repeated exposure to a stimulus that elicits that response |
Habituation |
|
|
*Hear a loud sound & it elicits the activation syndrome *You hear the sound repeatedly over time, the strength of the sound's ability to elicit the activation syndrome will weaken *Eventually the loud sound will not elicit the startle response |
Examples of Habituation |
|
|
*The tendency of a stimulus to elicit a reflex response following the elicitation of that response by a different stimulus |
Sensitization |
|
|
Example Lightning strikes w/in a few feet of you & elicits the activation syndrome A few seconds later after you calm down the phone rings & elicits the activation syndrome Example |
Example of Sensitization |
|
|
*Organisms learn through the consequences of their actions |
The Law of Effect |
|
|
1. Pairing 2. Consequential operations 3. Signaling |
Three Basic Operations Leading to Learning |
|
|
*Operant bx is bx which operates/acts upon the environment *The functional relation involved is described as S-R-C, S-R-S, or A-B-C *Operant Bx is emitted or evoked rather than elicited *Operant bx is at least partially under the control of consequences *Most ooperants are under the control of both antecedents & consequences |
Functional Relation Between Stimuli & Operant Behavior |
|
|
*ABC (Antecedent-Bx-Consequence) *S-R-C (Stimulus-Response-Consequence) *S-R-S (Stimulus-Response-Stimulus) |
Operant Conditioning Paradigm |
|
|
*Presenting (onset or magnification) *Withdrawing (offset or attenuation) or withholding a stimulus Withholding only makes sense if a stimulus has been presented & now is withheld |
Consequential Operations AKA "Consequating" |
|
|
*Rat presses a lever, a food pellet is dropped into a hopper which the rat can access *Bob says cookie, he is given a cookie *Rita gives a correct answer to a question, dad praises her |
Examples of Consequential Operations |
|
|
*When a stimulus "signals" that a consequence will occur if a response is emitted in the presence of that stimulus (there may also be a consequential operation) |
Signaling |
|
|
*A stimulus that usually is reinforcing w/out any prior learning; that is , due to phylogenic provenance SR+ or SR- *AKA Primary reinforcers *Food, water, sexual activity |
Unconditioned Reinforcer |
|
|
*A stimulus that initially has no innate reinforcing properties but acquires reinforcing properties through pairing w/unconditioned reinforcers or strongly conditioned reinforcers, that is, due to ontogenic provenance Sr+ or Sr- *AKA Secondary or learned reinforcers *Toys, books, videos |
Conditioned Reinforcer |
|
|
*A conditioned reinforcer that has been paired w/a variety of other reinforcers & which is effective for a wide range of bx *Less susceptible to the effects of deprivation & satiation than other Srs *Priase, money, tokens |
Generalized Conditioned Reinforcer |
|
|
*A stimulus that usually is punishing w/out any prior learning, that is, due to phylogenic provenance SP+ or SP- Examples Electroshock Fire Pain causing stimuli |
Unconditioned Punisher |
|
|
*A stimulus that initially has no punishing properties, but acquires punishing properties through pairing w/unconditioned punishers or strongly conditioned punishers; that is, due to ontogenic provenance Sp+ or Sp- Examples The word "no" Traffic citation Frown from another person |
Conditioned Punisher |
|
|
*The process by which a previously punished bx is strengthened by withholding punishment *That is, whereas the bx was previously followed by a punishing environmental change, in recovery, nothing happens when the response is emitted *The frequency of the bx increases in the future usually to rates similar to the BL level |
Recovery from Punishment |
|
|
*S1- R1- SR (Reinforce) i.e. Hand raising when teacher looking *S2- R2- SR (Not reinforce) i.e. Hand raising when teacher not looking This is an S-R-S contingency, which leads to discrimination |
Discrimination |
|
|
*The process in which when an operant bx has ceased following extinction, the bx may re-occur at a later time in the same circumstances in which it was previously reinforced *The sudden & temporary reappearance of a bx following ext. |
Spontaneous Recovery |
|
|
*Reinforcement that occurs independent of the social mediation of others (e.g. scratching an insect bite relieves the itch) |
Automatic Reinforcement |
|
|
*Punishment that occurs independent of the social mediation by others (i.e. a response product serves as a punisher independent of the social environment) |
Automatic Punshment |
|
|
*The tendency of bx to occur more frequently in the presence of a particular stimulus (the SD) b/c the bx has been reinforced only or mostlky in the presence of that stimulus *The SD is said to have stimulus control over the bx *An antecedent stimulus evokes a response, that is, there is an immediate & momentary increase in the frequency of the response which only lasts while the stimulus is present |
Stimulus Control |
|
|
*Many environmental events have more than one behavioral effect *For example, aversive & appetitive stimuli *Also the links in a simple operant chain function as SDs & Srs |
Multiple Effects |
|
|
*UMO (UEO & UAO) *CMO (CEO & CAO) - Surrogate CMO - Reflexive CMO - Transitive CMO |
Types of MOs |
|
|
*For all organisms there are events, operations and stimulus conditions whose reinforcer- establishing effects are unlearned *But, the bx evoked by the MO is usually learned - Deprivation (UEO) - Satiation (UAO) |
Unconditioned Motivating Operations (UMO) |
|
|
Deprivation/Satiation UMOs 1. Food 2. Water 3. Sleep 4. Activity 5. Oxygen 6. UMOs related to sex 7. Being too hot 8. Being too cold 9. UMO consisting of onset/magnification of painful stimulation |
Nine Main Human UMOs |
|
|
*Reinforcer establishing effect: X deprivation increases the effectiveness of X as reinforcer *Evocative effect: X deprivation increases the current frequency of all bx that has been reinforced w/X *Reinforcer abolishing effect: X consumption decreases the effectiveness of X as a reinforcer *Abative effect: X consumption decreases the current frequency of all bx that has been reinforced w/X |
Deprivation/Satiation UMOs |
|
|
*Becoming too cold, reinforcer establishing effect: increases effectiveness if an increase in temperature as a reinforcer *Evocative effect: increases the current frequency of all bx that has increased warmth *Return to normal temp, reinforcer abolishing effect: decreases effectiveness of becoming warmer as a reinforcer *Abative effect: Decreases current frequency of all bx that has increased warmth |
Temperature UMOs- Too Cold |
|
|
*Becoming too warm establishing effect: increases effectiveness of a decrease in temp. as a reinforcer *Evocative effect: increases the current frequency of all bx that has decreased warmth *Return to normal temp abolishing effect: decreases effectiveness of becoming cooler as reinforcer *Abative effect: decreases current frequency of all bx that has decreased warmth |
Temperature UMOs- Too hot |
|
|
*The onset of painful stimulation establishes the reduction or offset of this stimulation as an effective form of reinforcement and *Evokes the bx that achieved such reduction or offset |
UMO of Onset/Magnification of Painful Stimulation |
|
|
*There are variables that alter the reinforcing effectiveness of other events but only as a result of the individual organism's history CMOs - Surrogate - Reflexive - Transitive |
Conditioned Motivating Operations (CMO) |
|
|
*Acquire the properties of an MO through pairing, in much the same way that stimuli become Sr through pairing |
Surrogate CMO (CMO-S) |
|
|
*Correlated w/either a worsening or an improving condition *Thus, there are 2 types of CMO-R - "Threat" CMO-R - "Promise" CMO-R |
Reflexive CMO (CMO-R) |
|
|
*Correlated with a worsening condition *Thus, they function as an EO for negative reinforcement & evoke bx that terminates the event *Functions as a "warning" stimulus that evokes an avoidance response *Thus establishing the termination of the "warning" stimulus as conditioned negative reinforcement *Furthermore, termination of the "warning" stimulus is correlated w/the delay or prevention of the worsening condition *That is, things stop getting worse & an aversive condition is avoided |
"Threat" CMO-Rs |
|
|
*An environmental variable that, as a result of a learning history, establishes (or abolishes) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the bx that has been reinforced by the other stimulus
|
Transitive CMO (CMO-T) |
|
|
*A stimulus in the presence of which responses of some type have been reinforced an in the absence of which the same type of responses have occurred and not been reinforced; this history of differential reinforcement is the reason an SD increases the momentary frequency of the behavior SD: Discriminative stimulus for reinforcement S-delta: Discriminative stimulus for extinction SDP: Discriminative stimulus for punishment |
Discriminative Stimulus |
|
|
*A motivating operation (MO) is an antecedent condition that has 2 effects Value altering effect Behavior altering effect |
Motivating Operation |
|
|
*A dependency btwn events *A contingency is said to exist btwn events when one depends upon the other *A contingency can be stated as an if-then statement *The strongest type of contingency is stated as If X and only if X, then Y |
Contingency |
|
|
*When changes in an antecedent or consequent stimulus class consistently alter a dimension of a response class - Rate - Duration - IRT - Latency |
Functional Relation |
|
|
*Demonstrated by way of controlled experiments *Replicated across many species, behaviors & conditions - Principle of reinforcement - Principle of operant extinction - Principle of stimulus control |
Basic Principles of Behavior |
|
|
*A discrimination in which the reinforcement of responding during a stimulus depends on, or is contingent upon, other stimuli *Involves four-term contingencies, in that they arrange stimuli in the presence of which different three-term contingencies operate |
Conditional Discrimination |
|
|
*The spread of effects of reinforcement and other procedures to other response classes which have not been reinforced etc. *AKA induction |
Response Generalization/Induction |
|
|
*The tendency of a learned response to occur in the presence of stimuli which were not present during training but which either have some similar physical properties to the SD or have been associated with the SD *Discrimination & generalization are opposites *Stimulus generalization occurs when stimulus control is absent or incomplete |
Stimulus Generalization |
|
|
*Stimulus generalization: same response, different stimuli *Response generalization: same stimulus, different responses |
Stimulus vs. Response Generalization |
|
|
*A subset of verbal bx *Bx that conforms to a rule regarding a functional relation or an equivalence relation *Functional relation btwn bx & the environment- response/stimulus relation *Equivalence relation- btwn stimuli- stimulus/stimulus relation |
Rule Governed Behavior |
|
|
*Operant bx reinforced through the mediation of other persons *Includes any oral or non-oral form of communication that helps people get what they want & avoid what they don't want faster & more efficiently *Although much of it is maintained purely by social reinforcement |
Verbal Behavior |
|
|
*Repeating of a vocal verbal unit |
Echoic |
|
|
*When a learner emits bx which is topographically identical or very similar to the antecedent stimuli, which consists of someone else performing a bx (a model), which is then imitated by the learner Bx-Environment Relations 1. Any physical movement may function as a model for imitation. A model is an antecedent stimulus that evokes the imitative bx 2. An imitative bx must immediately follow the presentation (w/in 3-5 s) 3. The model & the bx must have formal similarity *The model must be the controlling variable for the imitative bx *Requires point-to-point correspondence & formal similarity |
Imitation |
|
|
*A higher-order response class *Imitative bx which occurs w/out the person receiving training & reinforcement to imitate the specific bx modeled *It is critical in the acquisition of many skills *Most children acquire an imitative repertoire w/out explicit training; however, imitation training should be provided for those who do not imitate |
Generalized Imitation |
|
|
*Under the antecedent control of an EO *Consequence: specific reinforcer *Requesting, asking, commanding |
Mands |
|
|
*Under the antecedent control of a non-verbal stimulus *Consequence: social reinforcement *Naming, labeling Types of things one can tact: - Objects (things, places, people) - Actions - Features (colors, textures, smells, flavors) - Relationships (slow vs fast, big vs small) - Function |
Tact |
|
|
*Under the antecedent control of a verbal stimuli w/out point-to-point correspondence & no formal similarity *Consequence: social reinforcement |
Intraverbal |
|
|
*Copying a specific text point by point, letter by letter, etc. |
Copying a Text |
|
|
*The imitation of a non-verbal unit (mimicking) |
Mimetic |
|
|
*Under the antecedent control of verbal stimuli w/ point-to-point correspondence but without formal similarity *Consequence: social reinforcement Types of Codics - textual (reading text) - finger spelling words heard - taking dictation (transcriptive) - saying words after finger spelled |
Codic |
|
|
*Under the antecedent control of mand to comply *Consequence: social reinforcement *AKA compliance, following instructions |
Receptive Language Listener Responding |
|
|
*The ratio of the number of responses over some period of time |
Rate |
|
|
*The amount of time btwn the beginning & the end of a response cycle |
Duration |
|
|
*The time between 2 successive responses; usually the time elapsed btwn the end of a response cycle & the beginning of the next response cycle |
Inter-Response Time (IRT) |
|
|
*The amount of time btwn a stimulus & a response |
Latency |
|
|
*Provides an accurate, complete & concise description of the bx to be changed (& measured) *Also states what is not included in the behavioral definition *Should be objective referring to observable characteristics of the bx/environment *Should be clear, readable & unambiguous so experienced observers could read & paraphrase accurately *Complete & delineate boundaries of inclusion/exclusion |
Target Behavior Definitions |
|
|
*Identifies instances of the target bx by the shape or form of the bx |
Topography-based Definition |
|
|
*Designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely by their common effect on the environment *Often simpler & more concise than topography based definitions |
Function-based Definition |
|
|
*Behavior that can be observed by others even though special instrumentation may be required at times |
Public Behavior |
|
|
*Behavior that cannot be observed by others, it is only accessible to the organism who is engaging in the private event |
Private Events |
|
|
*Directly meausre a dimensional quantity of a bx Types - Event (frequency) recording - Latency recording - Duration recording (per occurrence/total) - IRT recording |
Continuous (Direct) Response Measures |
|
|
*Most measure occurrence vs nonoccurrence & thus measure a dimensonless quantity (usually percent) Types - Percent occurrence (% correct) - Trials to criterion - Discrete categorization (coding) - Partial interval recording - Whole interval recording - Momentary time sampling - PLACHECK |
Discontinuous Response Measures |
|
|
*What dimensional quantity is of interest? *What is the estimated rate of bx? *Will you be measuring responses or episodes? *Where will you collect data? *When, how often & how long? *Who will collect data? *What resources are available? *How will the data be used? |
Selecting a Response Measure |
