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169 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the maximum sized bolus that you can give to a person? |
500ml |
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What is the formula for BMI? |
Weight in KG / Height in meters squared |
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How many meters are in an inch? |
0.0254 |
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How many calories are in breast milk? |
20 cal/ounce |
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How much calcium should a teenager get per day |
1300 mg
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WHat must you do before starting a feeding? |
Check patency of the tube, check placement, check abdominal girth |
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What happens if you do a feeding too quickly |
Vomiting |
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Check the nursing interventions on 107-108 for anemia |
Ok |
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Celiac, H pylori, PKU, renal diseases |
j |
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What kind of food has a lot of zinc in it? |
Ground beef |
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When should the mother do her first breast feeding? |
One hours of delivery |
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What should you check before doing the tube feeding? |
Residuals, Patency |
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What kind of diet should someone have to lower their cholesterol? |
High fiber |
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What kind of diet is low fiber and results in not much stool? |
Low-residue |
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What disease results from a thiamin deficiency? |
Beriberi |
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What kind of food has a lot of thiamin in it? |
Whole grains bread |
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What kind of proteins are complete proteins? |
Meat and animal |
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What kind of proteins are incomplete proteins? |
Plant Sources |
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What vitamin is chicken liver high in? |
Folate |
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What is lutein important for? |
Eye health |
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Beginning a meal with protein Eating five meals per day Stop eating when you're full Eat over 30-60 minutes period Who is this diet for? |
Gastric Bypass |
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What is hyperglycemia in the morning called? |
Somogyi Phenomenom |
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When giving intermittent tube feedings, what should you do? |
Increase volume slowly over feedings |
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How long can you keep thawed breast milk? |
24 hours |
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Can you microwave breast milk? |
Nope |
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How long can you keep breast milk in the fridge? |
5-8 days |
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What can be hung if you are out of TPN bags? |
10% Dextrose Bags |
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What vitamin should you take calcium with? |
Vitamin D |
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What should you drink with iron? |
Juice (vitamin C) |
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How many calories are in a gram of fat? |
9 |
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What should you do if a tube fed patient has abdominal distention? |
Turn on their right side |
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What can help chemo patients with their fatigue? |
Exercise |
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What should be increased for people who have an illeostomy? |
Salt, grains, Pasta |
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What kind of foods have a high glycemic index? Low? |
Potato high Peanuts low |
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How do you mask strong flavors for chemo patients |
Cool food |
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What should be given to babies to provide comfort during gavage feedings? |
Pacifier |
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What vitamin is good for vision? |
Vitamin A |
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What mineral is important for nerve transition? |
Calcium |
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What is vit b6 important for? |
Hemoglobin |
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What mineral controls bones and hormones? |
Phosphoros |
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What should you reward anorexic people for? |
Calories consumed |
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Does fruit cocktail have a lot of sodium? |
No |
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People on ace inhibitors need to avoid what kind not foods? |
Cantaloupe (Potassium) |
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What is cellulose like? |
Fiber |
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What kind of drugs should you avoid with avocado? |
MAOI (parnate) |
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HOw much fluid should a person have per day? |
30 ml / KG |
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HOw many calories are in a carb? |
FOur |
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HOw many calories are in a gram of protein? |
Four |
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How many carbs should a person eat per day? |
200-300 |
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How may centimeters are in an inch? |
2.54 |
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What is the good cholesterol? |
HDL |
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What is riboflavin deficiency called? |
Cheliosis (angular stomatitis) |
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What is niacin deficiency called? |
Pellagra (dermatitis, diarrhea) |
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What is folate deficiency called? |
Megaloblastic Anemia |
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Constipation and kidney stones can be caused by what? |
High Calcium |
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What is tetany an Chvosticks trousseaus sign caused by? |
Hypocalcemia |
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WHat protein do alcoholics have low? |
Albumin |
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What drug will lower the basal metabolic rate? |
Elavil |
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What is the ideal body weight formula? |
100 lbs for first 5 feet, 5 pounds per extra inch |
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WHat is the healthy range for BMI? |
18-25 |
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What is the overweight BMI? |
25-30 |
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What is the obese BMI? |
Over 30 |
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WHat diseases come from undercooked food? |
Salmonella, Ecoli, Listeria |
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WHat disease comes from poor hand hygiene? |
Shigella |
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What should be avoided when eating licorice? |
Digoxin (MAOI) |
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What type of foods do muslims avoid? |
Pork, stimulants, alcohol |
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How much weight should be gained in the first trimester? |
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PKU diets should avoid what? |
Protein |
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When should infants start eating solid food? |
Four months (No wheat cereal) |
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How old do you have to be to eat cows milk? |
A year |
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HOw long can you keep frozen breast milk? |
6 months |
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WHen can you start eating meat? |
6-9 months |
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When can you start eating table foods? |
9-12 months |
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Why must honey not be given to infants? |
Botulism
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What should you do to the formula of an infant with constipation |
Dilute |
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How much fruit juice can a toddler have? |
4-6 ounces |
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How long can a feeding bag be used |
24 hours |
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How often do you have to check residuals of a feeding? |
4-6 hours |
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How often do you have to flush a feeding tube? |
4 hours |
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How long does the head of the bed need to be up 30º after feeding |
30 minutes |
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What kind of feeding is done long term in a central vein? |
TPN |
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What kind of feeding is for short term use in a peripheral vein? |
PPN |
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Parental nutrition should be stopped gradually as soon as the person eats what percent of their food orally? |
60% |
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Red sores on the tongue, weight loss, and delirium are signs of what kind of anemia? |
Pernicious (B12 deficiency) |
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Fish, meat, poultry, eggs, and milk contain which vitamin B? |
B12 |
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Peas, beans, veggies, liver, seeds, OJ, bread contain what thing necessary for healthy neural tube? |
Folic Acid |
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Spicy and fatty food should be avoided if you are having what symptom? |
Nausea |
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What kind of meals should be offered when anorexia occurs? |
Small and Frequent |
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What is the rapid gastric emptying that occurs after gastric surgery? |
Dumping Syndrome |
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Small meals, high protein and fat, no sugar, milk or liquid with meals is a diet typical for people with what, after gastric surgery? |
Dumping Syndrome |
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Fat, caffeine, chocolate, and peppermint are things that cause symptoms in what GI disease? |
GERD |
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Phosphorus, protein, and dairy need to be restricted in people who have what? |
Pre-end stage renal disease |
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Peanut butter, peas, beans, cola, chocolate, and beer all contain what mineral that is contraindicated with renal disease? |
Phosphorous |
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When someone is in end stage renal disease and doing dialysis, what do they need more of that they previously didn't want to eat? |
Protein |
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Shakiness, confusion, sweating, palpitations, headache, blurred vision, and seizures are all signs of what? |
Hypoglycemia |
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Ketones, thirst (polydipsia), excess urinating, hyperventilation, dehydration, fruity breath, coma, and vomiting are all signs of what? |
Hyperventilation |
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How many carbs should be given if someone's blood sugar is under 70? |
15-20 |
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How often should you test someone who you just treated for hypoglycemia? |
15 minutes |
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What is the easiest intervention for someone with Somogy's phenomenom |
Give a bedtime snack |
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Hyperglycemia caused by normal hormone release before waking up? |
Dawn Phenomenon |
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What should be done to prevent Dawn Phenomenon? |
Give more insulin |
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Which kind of vitamins are water soluble? |
C and B |
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What is the recommended amount of milk for a person? |
3 cups |
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What is the normal level for pre albumin? |
23-43 |
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What is the normal level for albumin? |
3.5-5 |
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How much fluid input should a person have per day? |
2-3 liters |
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How much fluid output should a person have per day? |
2.3-2.6 liters |
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How much percent of weight loss in 1 week is a significant weight loss? |
1-2% |
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What is the MINIMUM daily input of fluids? |
1500 ml |
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Who is at greatest need for iron? |
Formula fed newborns, menstruating women |
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What is in organ meats, egg yolks, whole grains, green leafy vegetables? |
Iron |
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When what mineral is lacking, it causes enlarged thyroid leading to a goiter? |
Iodine |
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What kind two things provide a lot of iodine? |
Salt, Seafood |
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What mineral is a by product of protein metabolism found in meat, wine, and dried fruits? |
Sulfur |
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People using phosphorus should avoid what two things? |
Alcohol and antacids |
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Phosphorus levels directly affect the levels of what? |
Calcium |
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Deficiency of magnesium in pregnancy can cause what? |
Eclampsia |
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Excess calcium causes what? |
Constipation, kidney stone |
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What needs to be limited while using heart medications? (MAOI, ACE inhibitor) |
Potassium |
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Lack of vitamin E causes what kind of anemia? |
Hemolytic |
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What vitamin protects cells from oxidation? |
Vitamin E |
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Folate deficiency causes what kind not anemia? |
Megaloblastic Anemia |
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What is vitamin B12 called? |
Cobalamin |
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What is vitamin B6 called? |
Pyridoxine |
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What is vitamin B5 called? |
Pantothenic Acid |
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What does niacin deficiency result in? |
Pellagra |
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What is vitamin B3 called? |
Niacin |
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What is vitamin B2 called? |
Riboflavin |
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What is vitamin B1 called? |
Thiamin |
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What does thiamin deficiency lead to? |
Beriberi |
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What does vitamin c deficiency cause? |
Scurvy |
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How much fiber should be taken in per day? |
25 for women, 38 for men |
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What is indicated by GFR less than 25 ml/mn? |
ESRD |
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What things should be limited for pre-esrd? |
Meat, dairy, phosphorus |
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What must a person with a kidney stone do before bed? |
Drink a glass of water |
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What artificial sweetener crosses the placenta and should be avoided during pregnancy? |
Saccharin |
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What needs to be increased in cancer patients to avoid weight loss? |
Protein |
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What happens in the mouth with cancer patients? |
Sores |
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When should cancer patients avoid eating? |
Prior to chemo and radiation |
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Is a clear liquid diet low residue? |
Yes |
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What stimulant is contraindicated in a clear liquid set? |
Caffeine |
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Foods that cause what symptom are avoided in a soft bland low fiber diet? |
Gas |
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How long can enteral tubes be in |
3-4 weeks |
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What kind of tube is placed into the stomach through the skin? |
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) |
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How many calories are in standard enteral formulas? |
1-1.2 ml |
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What kind of formulas provide nutrients in a simple form that requires no digestion? |
Hydrolyzed |
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What is the minimum angle the HOB must be when doing a tube feeding? |
30 degress |
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What is the pH of gastric contents? |
0-4 |
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How much intestinal residual should there be? |
Less than 10 |
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How much gastric residual should there be? |
less than 100 |
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How much should women increase their calories during pregnancy? |
300-500 |
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How much weight is gained during the first trimester? |
2-4 pounds |
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How much weight should be gained per week for the second and third trimesters? |
One pound per week |
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How much weight should a normal woman gain during the second and third trimester? |
25-35 pounds |
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How much should an underweight woman gain during pregnancy? |
28-40 poundsq |
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How much should an overweight client gain during the second and third trimester? |
15-25 pounds |
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How much calories should be increased during breastfeeding/ |
330-400 |
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What chemical is avoided when you have PKU? |
Phenylalanine (fish, meat, eggs, nuts, dairy) |
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When is the birth weight doubled by? |
4-6 months |
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When is birth weight tripled? |
One year of age? |
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How much weight is gained per week during the first 5-6 months of life? |
5-7 ounces |
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How much height is gained in the first six months? |
1 inch, then half an inch after |
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Head control, the ability to sit, and movement of the tongue indicate what around 4-6 months? |
Semi-solid foods |
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How many breast feedings are done in a 24 hour period? |
8-12 |
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What is the most an infant should drink in a 24 hour period? |
32 ounces |
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When is the infant ready for weaning from the breast? |
5-8 months |
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Hunger less than 4 hours after vigorous nursing indicates what? |
Readiness for weaning |
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How should new foods be introduces? |
One at a time over a 5-7 day period
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d |
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