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49 Cards in this Set

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Chaux[Arc-et-Senans], ca. 1775, Claude Nicholas Ledoux. Royal saltworks.
Chaux[Arc-et-Senans], ca. 1775, Claude Nicholas Ledoux. Royal saltworks.
Chaux[Arc-et-Senans], ca. 1775, Claude Nicholas Ledoux. Royal saltworks.
Saugus Ironworks, 1646-168, Saugus MA, USA.
Saugus Ironworks, 1646-168, Saugus MA, USA.
Saugus Ironworks, 1646-168, Saugus MA, USA.
Saugus Ironworks, 1646-168, Saugus MA, USA.
Masson Mill, 1783, Cromford, England. For Richard Arkwright.



Need for water power for industrialized spinning of thread.

Cromford, England
Joisted mill floor
Slow-burning mill floor
Enclosure Acts
Enclosure acts force peasants into the cities and factories.
Slater Mill, 1793, Samuel Slater, Pawtucket, RI, USA.



Slater brought Arkwright technology and management to the USA. Made cotton thread, first mill employed 7 to 12 year old workers.



Slater Mill, 1793, Samuel Slater, Pawtucket, RI, USA.



Slater brought Arkwright technology and management to the USA. Made cotton thread, first mill employed 7 to 12 year old workers.

Slater Mill, 1793, Samuel Slater, Pawtucket, RI, USA.



Slater brought Arkwright technology and management to the USA. Made cotton thread, first mill employed 7 to 12 year old workers.

Lowell, MA, USA.



Need for water power to run newly developed looms made Lowell one of the first American factory towns.

Lowell, MA, USA.
Need for water power to run newly developed looms made Lowell one of the first American factory towns.
BoottMills, beg. 1835, Lowell, MA, USA.



Power looms for weaving.

 Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
Transformation of transportation from roads, to canals to railroads with the invention of the steam engine. Emergence of the railway station as a new building type. Wood and charcoal are replaced by coal marking the beginning of the new energy sources (coal, oil and natural gas) which will power about three centuries of industrial and population growth.
King’s Cross Railway Station, 1852, Lewis Cubitt, London, England. [Harry Potter]
King’s Cross Railway Station, 1852, Lewis Cubitt, London, England. [Harry Potter]
Saint Pancras Railway Station, 1851, George Gilbert Scott, London, England. [Gothic Revival]
Saint Pancras Railway Station, 1851, George Gilbert Scott, London, England. [Gothic Revival]
Coalbrookdale Bridge, 1779, Darby and Pritchard, Coalbrookdale, England.



Iron mimicking the forms of stone construction at first.

CoalbrookdaleBridge, 1779, Darby and Pritchard, Coalbrookdale, England.



Iron mimicking the forms of stone construction at first.

CoalbrookdaleBridge, 1779, Darby and Pritchard, Coalbrookdale, England.



Iron mimicking the forms of stone construction at first.

Brooklyn Bridge, beg. 1868, John A. Roebling, New York, NY, USA.



Increasing sophistication in the understanding of iron and steel.

Brooklyn Bridge, beg. 1868, John A. Roebling, New York, NY, USA.



Increasing sophistication in the understanding of iron and steel.

Brooklyn Bridge, beg. 1868, John A. Roebling, New York, NY, USA.



Increasing sophistication in the understanding of iron and steel.

Gallerie Vivienne, 1823, Francois-Jacques Delannoy, Paris, France.



Rise of the urban population, the middle class, and the emergence of the consumer.

Gallerie Vivienne, 1823, Francois-Jacques Delannoy, Paris, France.



Rise of the urban population, the middle class, and the emergence of the consumer.

Gallerie Vivienne, 1823, Francois-Jacques Delannoy, Paris, France.



Rise of the urban population, the middle class, and the emergence of the consumer.

Galleria Victorio Emanuele, 1865-77, GuiseppeMengoni, Milan, Italy.
Galleria Victorio Emanuele, 1865-77, GuiseppeMengoni, Milan, Italy.
Bon Marche Department Store, 1867, 1876, Louis-Auguste Boileau & Gustave Eiffel, Paris, France.



Growth of a consumer society, and emergence of a new building type, the department store with a wide variety of goods for the rising middle class.

Bon Marche Department Store, 1867, 1876, Louis-Auguste Boileau & Gustave Eiffel, Paris, France.
Bon Marche Department Store, 1867, 1876, Louis-Auguste Boileau & Gustave Eiffel, Paris, France.
Crystal Palace, 1851, Joseph Paxton, London, England.



Great exhibition to disseminate new technology, increase trade, and as entertainment.

Crystal Palace, 1851, Joseph Paxton, London, England.



Modular design; ease of fabrication, transport, and assembly.

Crystal Palace, 1851, Joseph Paxton, London, England.
Crystal Palace, 1851, Joseph Paxton, London, England.
Crystal Palace, 1851, Joseph Paxton, London, England.
Crystal Palace, 1851, Joseph Paxton, London, England.
Galeriedes Machines, 1889, Louis Dutert, Paris, France. Contamin, Pierron & Chartron, engineering.
Galeriedes Machines, 1889, Louis Dutert, Paris, France. Contamin, Pierron & Chartron, engineering.
Galeriedes Machines, 1889, Louis Dutert, Paris, France. Contamin, Pierron & Chartron, engineering.
Galeriedes Machines, 1889, Louis Dutert, Paris, France. Contamin, Pierron & Chartron, engineering.
Eiffel Tower, 1887-9, Gustave Eiffel, Paris, France.



Emergence of an architectural aesthetic based upon the expression of new materials and engineering.

Eiffel Tower, 1887-9, Gustave Eiffel, Paris, France.



Emergence of an architectural aesthetic based upon the expression of new materials and engineering.