Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
111 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a digital revolution?
|
It is an ongoing process of social, political, and economic change brought by digital technology.
|
|
|
What consellation of technologies does it revolve around?
|
Computers, digital electionics, the web, communication networks and digitization.
|
|
|
what is digital electronics?
|
It uses electronic circuits to represent data.
|
|
|
what are some examples of digital electronics?
|
phones, e-book readers, computers, hand held consoles and cd players.
|
|
|
What is the second phase of digital revolution?
|
It is when the internet was opened for public use; such as blogs, social networks, bulleton boards and email.
|
|
|
What is a computer network?
|
It is a group of computers linked by wireless technology to share data and resources.
|
|
|
what is the web?
|
is a collection of documents, graphics and sound that can be accessed over the internet.
|
|
|
what is cyberspace?
|
it is a term that refers to entities that exist largely in computer networks.
|
|
|
what is digitization?
|
it is converting text, numbers, sound, photos and video into data that can be processed by a digital device.
|
|
|
what is technology convergance?
|
is the procress by which several technologies with distinct functionality evolve to form a single product.
|
|
|
Convergance
|
it tends to offer enhanced functionality and convenience
|
|
|
Digital society- digital technology
|
it is an important factor to global and national economies also affectiing the status of economies individuals
|
|
|
what is globalization in digital society?
|
It is defined as the worldwide economic interdependence of countries that occur as cross-border commerce increases and as money flows more freely among countries.
|
|
|
Individuals are affected by the digital divide ...?
|
Its a term that refers to the gap between people who have access to technology and those who do not.
|
|
|
what does digital technology permeate?
|
it permeates the very core of modern life
|
|
|
what is a computer?
|
it is a multipurpose device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output, all according to a series of store instructions.
|
|
|
what is computer input?
|
it is whatever is typed, submittted, or transmitted to a computer system.
|
|
|
what does Data refer to?
|
it refers to symbols that represent facts, objects and ideas.
|
|
|
Computer manipulation
|
It manipulates data in many ways and this manipulation is called processing; CPU or microprocessor
|
|
|
WHat is memory?
|
it is an area of a computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed, stored, or output.
|
|
|
what is storage?
|
it is the area where data can be left on a permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for processing.
|
|
|
What is Software?
|
it is a series of instructions that tells a computer how to carry out processing tasks to a computer program.
|
|
|
What is a stored program and what does it allow u to do or distinguish?
|
it is a series of instructions for a computing task can be loaded into a computers memory. It allows you to switch between tasks and distinguishes a computer from other simpler and less versatile digitial devices.
|
|
|
what is an application software?
|
it is a set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task?
|
|
|
What is the primary purpose of a system software?
|
it is to help the computer system monitor itself in order to function effieciently. ex. Operatine system (OS)
|
|
|
what is a personal computer?
|
it is a microprocessor based computing device designed to meet the computing needs of an individual.
|
|
|
what is a Workstation?
|
it is an ordinary personal computer that is connected to a network as well as a powerful desktop computer used for high- performance tasks.
|
|
|
What is the purpose of a server?
|
it is to serve computers on a network by supplying them with data. ex internet or home network
|
|
|
what is a mainframe computer?
|
is it a large and expensive computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users
|
|
|
what is a compute intensive problem?
|
it is one that requires massive amounts of data to be processed using complex mathmatical calculations.
|
|
|
What is a PDA?
|
A PDA is a personal digital assistant - it is a pocket sized digital appointment book with a small keyboard or a touch sensitive screen, designed to run on batteries and used while holding it
|
|
|
What is a smartphone?
|
it includes features such as touch screen, full qwerty keypad, text messaging, email and etc..
|
|
|
Ipods and similar devices
|
are classified as portable media players due to their strength in playing music, showing and storing photos
|
|
|
what is a micro controller?
|
it is a special purpose microprocessor that is built into the machine it controls
|
|
|
what is data representation?
|
it refers to the form in which data is stored, processed, and transmitted
|
|
|
Digital data in digital representation
|
is text, numbers and graphics, sound and video that have been converted into discrete digits such as 1s and 0s
|
|
|
what is Analog data
|
it is represented using an infinite scale of values
|
|
|
Numeric data
|
binary system
|
|
|
Character data
|
ex. ASCII, Extended ASCII, EBCDIC and unicode
|
|
|
what is an integrated circuit or IC
|
it is a super-thin slice of semiconducting material packed with microscopic circuit elements.
|
|
|
what are the components of most digital devices?
|
are mounted on a circuit board called a system board, motherboard, or main board
|
|
|
what is a source code?
|
it is a human readable version of a program created in a high level language by a programmer
|
|
|
what is an instruction set?
|
it is a collection of preprogrammed activities a microprocessor is hardwired to perform
|
|
|
what is the end product
|
it is called a machine code made up of 1s and 0s
|
|
|
what is an op code
|
it is short for operation code. it is a command word for an operation such as ass, compare or jump
|
|
|
what is the operand for an instruction?
|
it specifices the data or the address of the data for the operation
|
|
|
what is ALU?
|
(arithmetic logic unit) it is part of the microprocessor that performs arithmetic operations.
|
|
|
what does the ALU use?
|
it uses registers to hold data that is being processed
|
|
|
what does the microprocessor control unit do?
|
it fetches each instruction
|
|
|
what does instruction cycle mean?
|
it refers to the process in which a computer executes a single instruction
|
|
|
what is biometrics
|
a person can be identified by biometrics it is a fingerprint, facial features(photo) or a retinal pattern
|
|
|
what is a user ID
|
it is a series of characters that becomes a persons unique identifier
|
|
|
what is a password?
|
it is a series of characters that verifies a user ID and guarantees that you are the person you claim to be
|
|
|
what is a dictionary attack
|
it helps hackers guess your passwrod by steeping through a dictionary containing thousands of the most commonly used passowrds
|
|
|
what is a brute force attack
|
it uses password cracking software, its range is much more extensive the na dictionary attack
|
|
|
what is sniffing?
|
it intercepts information snet out over computer networks
|
|
|
what is phishing
|
a keylogger is a software that secretly records a user's keystrokes and sends information to a hacker
|
|
|
What does form factor mean?
|
It refers to size and dimensions of a component, such as a system board or system unit.
|
|
|
what does a home computer offer?
|
it offers a computer configuration designed to accomodate consumers who use computers for personal tasks.
|
|
|
small business applications
|
they tend to be middle of the line models pared down to essentials.
|
|
|
microprocesser
|
- most expensive part of a computer
|
|
|
microprocessor clock
|
in megahertz or gigahertz
|
|
|
Microprocessor
|
it has a multicore processor, front side bus, a cache L1,L2,L3, and word size
|
|
|
Microprocessor it has..
|
CISC vs RISC technology, serial processing - pipelining, parallel processing and benchmarks
|
|
|
what is RAM?
|
RAM stands for random access memory. It is a temporary holding area for data, application program instructions, and the operating system.
|
|
|
Things about RAM
|
it is microscopic capacitors hold the bits that represent data. Most RAM is volatile and it requires electrical power to hold data. It is expressed in megabytes or gigabytes.
|
|
|
Virtual memory
|
if a program exceeds its allocated space, the operating system uses an area of the hard disk (VM), to store parts of the programs or data files until they are needed.
|
|
|
SDRAM and RAM Speed
|
SDRAM is fast and relatively inexpensive ex. DDR, DDR2 or DDR3
RAM speed is often expressed in nanoseconds or megahertz. - lower nanosecond ratings are better |
|
|
what is ROM and what does it do?
|
ROM stands for Read only memory. It is a type of memory circuitry that holds the computer's startup routine. It is permanent and non-volatile. The ROM BIOS tells the computer how to accress the hard disk, find the operating system, and load it into RAM
|
|
|
what is EEPROM?
|
stands for electrically erasable programmable read only memory.
- it replaces CMOS technology and requires no power to hold data |
|
|
Storage basics.
|
It contains data. It records and retrieves data from a storage medium. The data gets copied from a storage device into RAM where it waits to be processed. Processed data is held temporarily in RAM before it is copied to a storage medium.
It has a vertical vs horizontal storage |
|
|
Magnetic storage?
|
Magnetic storage stores data by magnetizing microscopic particles on the disk or tape surface
|
|
|
what does a hard disk controller do?
|
It positions the disk, locates data, and interfaces with the components of the system board. ex SATA, Ultra ATA, EIDE and SCSI
It is not as durable as many other storage technologies. ex head crash |
|
|
Optical storage
|
it stores data as microscopic light and dark spots on the disk surface. ex cd, dvd or blu ray storage technologies
|
|
|
three categories of optical technologies are
|
Read-Only (ROM)
Recordable (R) Rewritable (RW) |
|
|
what is solid state storage
|
it stores data in an erasable, reqritable circuitry. Card reader may be required to read data on solid state storage
|
|
|
what is a USB
|
a USB flash drive is a portable storage device that plugs directly into a computers system unit using a built in connecter
|
|
|
Display devices
|
Screen size, dot pitch, viewing angle width, response rate, color depth, and screen resolution - VGA,SVGA,XGA,SXGA,UXGA,WUXGA and WQXGA
|
|
|
what do graphic circuitry generate?
|
it generates the signals for displaying an image on the screen such as: integrated graphics, graphics card, and graphics processing unit (GPU)
|
|
|
Printers
|
2 types ink jet and laser. Ink jet sprays out ink onto paper and laser is like a photocopier
|
|
|
Laser printers
|
- Electrostatically collect toner on a drum then the toner is transferred onto paper.
|
|
|
Dot matrix printers
|
-Dot matrix printers produce characters and graphics by using a grid of fine wires. the wires strike a ribbon and the paper.
|
|
|
Some printing features include:
|
resolution, print speed, duty cycle, operating costs, duplex capability, memory and networkability
|
|
|
installing peripheral devices
|
- the data bus moves data between RAM and the microprocessor.
-the segment of the data bus to which peripheral devices connect is called expansion bus. -An expansion slot is a long narrow socket on the system board into which you can plug an expansion card. - Expansion cards are small circuit boards that give the computer additional capabilities. ie expansion port |
|
|
more on installing peripheral devices
|
An expansion card simply slides into an expansion slot. Before you install an expansion card, make sure you unplug the computer and ground yourself - thats technical jargon for releasing static electrically by using a special grounding wristband or by touching both hands to a metal object.
|
|
|
what does an expansion port do?
|
it passes data in and out of a computer or peripheral device
|
|
|
what do more peripheral devices connect to?
|
they connect to a USB port and you can easily add them to a USB hub
|
|
|
what is a power surge?
|
a power surge is a sudden increase in electrical energy. affectin the current that flows to electrical outlets.
|
|
|
what is a surge strip?
|
it is a device that contains electrical outlets protected by circuitry that blocks surges
|
|
|
what is a UPS?
|
it is a device that not only provides surge protection, but also furnishes your computer with battery backup power during a power outage.
|
|
|
SIgns your computer is in trouble.
|
- failure to power up, loud beep, blank screens and error messages and blue screen of death
|
|
|
ways to trouble shoot are
|
windows troubleshooter or safe mode
|
|
|
what is productivity software?
|
it is any type of application software that has the potentiial to help people do their work more efficiently
|
|
|
what is groupware?
|
it is designed to help several people collaborate on a single project using local networks or internet connections
|
|
|
what is utility software?
|
it is a type of system software and is designed to help you monitor and configure settings for your computer system equipment, the operating system or application software
|
|
|
what is a desktop widget?
|
it is a specialized utility program that appears on a computers screen based desktop
|
|
|
what is a device driver?
|
it is a softwre that helps a peripheral device establish communication with a computer. ex windows device manager
|
|
|
what does document production software do?
|
it assists you with composing, editing, designing, printing and electronically publishing documents. ex word processor, desktop publishing and web authoring
|
|
|
what does document production software include?
|
spell checker, dictionary, thesaurus, grammer checker, feature to analyze the reading level, readability formula and search and replace feature
|
|
|
what does the format of a document refer to?
|
it refers to the way all elements are arranged on the page
|
|
|
Spreadsheets?
|
it uses rows and columns of numbers to create a model or representation of a real solution
|
|
|
what is data based software
|
data base is a collection of data. the software for it helps u enter, find, orgnaize, update, and report information stored in a database
|
|
|
database software uses a query language - what is it and what does it provide?
|
query language such as SQL (structured Query Language) provides a set of commands for locating and manipulating data. ex natural language query or query by example
|
|
|
what does graphic software designed to do ?
|
it is designed to help you create, manipulate, and print graphics. ex paint software, photo editing etc
|
|
|
what does music software do?
|
allows u to make your own digital voice and music recordings. ex audio editing software, audio playback software etc
|
|
|
business software
|
- vertical market software is designed to automate specialized tasks in specific market or business
- horizontal market software is generic software that just about any type of business can use ex payroll or accounting software |
|
|
what is a software suite
|
it isa collection of application software sold as a single package
|
|
|
Portable sofware
|
runs from removable storage
|
|
|
web application
|
is a software that is accessed with a web browser
|
|
|
software update
|
its when software publishers update their softwares to get rid or fix bugs, add new features and improve security
|
|
|
software upgrade
|
is when publishers replace older versions with a new version
|
