Anthro Test 1

Front 1

The earliest hominins are from

Back 1

Africa

Front 2

Anthropology

Back 2

Things

Front 3

Archaeology

Back 3

People

Front 4

Why do we care about common people

Back 4

We are common people, we give them a voice

Front 5

Ways sites form

Back 5

Disposal, accidental loss, mining site

Front 6

Why do we now have an ancestral bush

Back 6

Lasers, DNA testing

Front 7

Lucy

Back 7

Nearly complete recovered

Showed bipedalism

Head and arms were more apelike

Showed bipedalism first and then large brain

Scavengers, not hunters

Front 8

Benefits of bipedalism

Back 8

Arms free for tasks

Now taller, can stretch

Use hands for communication

Also disadvantages

Front 9

Taung Child

Back 9

Showed ancient ancestors learned to walk first, then brains grew larger

Front 10

Early hominins were often...

Back 10

Prey, not hunters

Front 11

Java and Peking Man

Back 11

Elongated legs, shorter arms, more like us

Made and used tools

Africa, walked to China and Indonesia

Cared for weak and old individuals

Front 12

Neanderthals

Back 12

Lived in Europe

Most closely related hominin group to modern humans

Brains similar in size

Front 13

Who had babies together

Back 13

Homo Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens

Front 14

Neanderthal DNA

Back 14

Diminished over time

Shows genes were harmful

Low genetic diversity

Front 15

Neanderthals were/had

Back 15

Very advanced hunters, big game

Tools and complex weapons

Evidence for burial of deceased

Front 16

4 Different Archaic Hominins

Back 16

Neanderthals

Denisovans

Extinct hominin 1

Extinct hominin 2

Front 17

Klasies River Mouth Caves

Back 17

Earliest evidence of Homo Sapiens

Stone tools

Poor hunters, easy prey

Ate shellfish

Front 18

Lake Mungo

Back 18

Homo Sapiens

Post-death practice and burial

Ideas of afterlife

One burial covered in red ochre pigment

Front 19

Lake Mungo fishing

Back 19

Fish all same, showed they used fishing nets

Knowledge of sewing

Stone tools

Got there by boat/raft

Front 20

Oldest tools probably

Back 20

Convenient

Not modified

Organic

Front 21

Oldowan Tools

Back 21

These are the oldest tools

Front 22

Flakes

Back 22

Sharp edge

For cutting and scraping

Front 23

Cores

Back 23

Called xhoppers

Front 24

Technology created by

Back 24

Homo erectus

Front 25

Stone core

Back 25

Called a biface

Shaped on both sides

Front 26

Acheulean hand axes

Back 26

Longest-lasting technology

Front 27

Clovis Points

Back 27

Used for Spears

Killed mammoths

Front 28

Folsom Points

Back 28

Came later

Points called "fluted"

Killed bison

Front 29

Communal kill

Back 29

Kill hundreds of animals hundreds at one time from a single term

Front 30

How far away were some lithic material

Back 30

150 miles

Front 31

Style can reveal

Back 31

May reveal time period, group

Front 32

Types of Flaking

Back 32

Percussion Flaking (hitting)

Pressure Flaking (pushing)

Front 33

Production Waste called

Back 33

Debitage and Microdebitage

Front 34

How do we know if tool was ever used

Back 34

Microwear and residure analysis

Microflaking

Refitting

Front 35

California Tools (Hooks)

Back 35

Experimental Technology

Finished fishhooks

Concluded specific workshops, specialists

Front 36

Hominins realize individuals

Back 36

Idea of self

Lead to adornment

Front 37

Lepenski Vir

Back 37

Liked how they fished, didn't do agriculture

Front 38

Dings

Back 38

In China

Elite/wealthy own dings

Non elite made them

For cooking meat

Bronze dings called vessel

Front 39

Process of making Dings

Back 39

Get resources, make mold, melt, cast melted metal in mold, distribute

Front 40

Southeast Mountains of China

Back 40

Bronze Bells and Musical Instruments

Bronze agricultural equipment

Bronze hollow sculptures