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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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12th amendment
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Separates the ballots in the Electoral College for President and Vice President
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13th amendment
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abolished slavery
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14th amendment
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contains the due process and equal protection clause, defines citizenship
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15th amendment
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guarantees the right to vote regardless of race of the citizen
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17th amendment
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Direct or popular election of U.S. Senators
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20th amendment
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Sets the date Congress is to convene as January 3rd. The President takes office on January 20th. It also fills vacancies in the office of President-Elect
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21st amendment
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Repealed prohibition; ratified by special conventions in 3/4th states. The only time this method of ratification has been used
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22nd amendment
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Limits the President to two elected terms
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23rd amendment
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District of Columbia given 3 electoral votes
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24th amendment
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No payment of poll tax in Federal elections
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Date Congress is to convene
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January 3rd
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Date president takes office
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January 20th
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25th amendment
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Contains 4 sections: Provides for filling a vacancy in the Office of Vice President. It allows for the President to declare himself disabled. It also provides for Congressional-declaration of presidential disability
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26th amendment
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Right to vote for 18 year old citizens
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27th amendment
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Prohibits members of Congress from receiving a pay raise until after a congressional election
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Article 1
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Longes article in the constitution, Ten sections. Exclusive powers of the house, exclusive powers of the state; 3/5 compromise; slave trade compromise
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Article 1 section 2 clause 3
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3/5 compromise
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3/5 compromise
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in order to determine the population of a state, each state would count all whites plus 3/5 of the slave population (60%)
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Article 1 Section 9
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The Slave Trade Compromise
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The Slave Trade Compromise
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this provision prohibited Congress from passing any laws which would ban the slave trade until 1808
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Jan 1 1808
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Congress prohibited slave import and indentured servant
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Article II
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The executive Article
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The executive article
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the President and Vice President. (Natural born citizen, 35 years of age, 14 year residents of the United States 4 year terms). Both are elected by the Electoral College. Each state gets electoral votes based on the number of members it has in the U.S. House plus its two senators.
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requirements for president and vice president
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Natural born citizen, 35 years of age, 14 year residents of the United States 4 year terms
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Article III
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The Jucial Article
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The Judicial Article
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The Supreme Court is the only court mentioned in the Constitution. All justices are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for life
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How are justices appointed
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By the President and confirmed by the senate for life
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Article IV
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The Fugitive Slave Provision and Interstate Relations
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Article IV sec 2 Clause 3
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The Fugitive Slave Provision
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The Fugitive Slave Provision
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The Constitution allowed for fugitive slaves to be returned to their masters
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Article IV Sec 4
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Interstate Relations
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Interstate Relations
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State to State Realations Article; 4 contains the Guarantee Clause) guarantees that each state will have a republican form of government
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Article V
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amending the constitution
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Proposal
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One Way to amend the constitution. By a two-thirds vote of both houses of Congress or by a Constitutional Convention called by Congress at the request of two-thirds states. (The first method for proposal is the only method ever used).
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Ratification
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By approval of the legislatures in three-fourth states or by special ratifying conventions in three-fourth states. (The second method for ratification has only been used once. It was used to ratify the 21st Amendment).
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Article VI
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The Supremacy Clause
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Article VI Clause 2
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states that the Constitution of the United States is the supreme Law of the Land.
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Article VI Clause 3
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no religious Test shall ewer be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States
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Article VII
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Ratification
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Ratification Constitution of 1787
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it would take 9 state ratifying conventions to ratify the constituion of 1787.
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Difference between the Articles and constitution (ratification)
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the Articles - unanimous concent to ratify; the constituion 9 states to ratify.
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Proposal (Level)
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Federal Level
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Ratification (Level)
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State Level
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Virginia Plan
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Called for a bicameral Congress, representation in both chambers based on a state’s population) Large states supported *15 provisions*
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New Jersey Plan
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– (Called for a unicameral Congress with each state having equal votes.) Smaller states supported this plan *9 provisions* sought to fortify the Articles, not abolish the document.
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Great Connecticut Compromise
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elements from both the New Jersey and Virginia plans were used to determine representation in Congress. The Congress would be bicameral with one chamber based on population and the other chamber based on equal votes of two senators per state
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Upper Chamber
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Senate - Each state having 2 senators = equal votes
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Lower Chamber
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House of Representatives - based on population
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Annapolis Convention
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A meeting of 5 states – New Jersey, NY, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Virginia. Sent a request (letter) to Congress to ask congress to meet in Philadelphia to revise the Articles of Confederation. The meeting was the Constitutional convention
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Where are the Free Exercise and Establishment clauses found?
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1st Amendment
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How many delegates attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787?
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55
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Separation of Powers
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Power is divided among three distinct branches: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. Each branch is selected or elected differently from the others. The qualifications are also different for each branch
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Federalism
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Under this political system, power is shared between a central or federal government and its member units (state/provinces). In American politics, there are three levels in our federal system Federal, State and Local
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Checks and Balances
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One branch of the government participates in and shares the powers assumed to belong to the other branches: President signs or votes bills passed by Congres, Congress has the power to override a presidential veto by a two-thirds vote. President appoints Federal judges, Senate must confirm appointments. Congress can impeach and remove the President, and judicial review are a few of the examples of Checks and Balances.
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Democracy
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“government by the people” USA - Indirect
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Initiative
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A voting procedure used in some states whereby state voters may place an issue on the ballot through a petition process.
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Referendum
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used whenever voters approve or disapprove of an issue on the ballot. For example the vote on the Better Jacksonville Plan was a referendum. Government placed ballot measure. Florida can amend the constitution in 5 ways. More than any other state. Written in Article II of Florida Constitution.
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Recall
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a process used in a 19 states that allow voters to remove an elected official from office before his or her term has expired. Not allowed in Florida.
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What are the Exclusive Powers of the House?
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1. All revenue raising measures begin in the house (taxation; stimulus; spending; budget) Article 1 section 7
2. The House has the sole power of impeachment – two have been impeached – Neither has been removed – Clinton and Andrew Johnson. 3. The House elect the president if no candidate receives a majority electoral vote. Or if there is a tie. Total of 538 electoral votes – to win president 270 needed. |
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Article 1 Section 7
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All revenue raising measures begin in the house (taxation; stimulus; spending; budget)
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How many total electoral votes
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538
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How many electoral votes to win presidency
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270
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What are the Exclusive Powers of the Senate?
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1. The Senate tries impeachments (removal by a two-thirds vote) Congress can Not be impeached
2. The Senate confirms presidential appointments by a majority vote 3. The Senate ratifies treaties by a two-thirds vote. |
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What are qualifications, terms of offices for President and Vice President
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Natural born citizen, 35 years of age, 14 year residents of the United States, 4 year terms.
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Which Article discusses requrements for President & Vice President
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Article II
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What are qualifications, terms of offices for Senators
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30 years old, 9 year citizens, 6 year term in office.
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What are qualifications, terms of offices for U.S. House of Representatives?
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25 years old, 7 year citizen, 2 year term in office.
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What articles discusses requirements for Senate and US House or Representatives
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Article I
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What was the issue surrounding the Slave Trade Compromise?
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It prohibited Congress from passing any laws which would ban the slave trade for 20 years – (1808)
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What is the Three-fifth Compromise?
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In order to determine the population of a state, each state would count all whites plus 3/5 of the slave population.
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Where the 3/5 compromise found in the Constitution?
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Article 1 section 2 clause 3
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Who wrote the Federalist Papers?
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Hamilton, Madison, Jay
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What is the fedearlist Papers
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85 articles that explain to the voters the purpose of Ratifying the Constitution
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Who is the leader of the anti-federalist
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Jefferson
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Bill of Rights was supported by Who?
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The Anti-Federalists.
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What are the 3 branches of government
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Legislative; Executive; Judicial
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What is the Articles of Confederation
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1st constitution of the United States
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When was the Constituion ratified
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1781
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2 events that promoted a new constitution
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annapolis convention; shays rebellion
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Year of constitutional convention
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1787
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who was secretary of constitutional convention
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Madison
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Who did NOT attend Constitutional Convention
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Jefferson.
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