Abnormal Psych. Exam 3/ Schizophrenia

Front 1

Psychotic Disorders include...

Back 1

Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, Delusional Disorder, Brief psychotic disorder, and Shared Psychotic Disorder.

Front 2

Schizophrenia, was first termed as...

Back 2

Dementia Peroce, by Morel in 1860, and later called dementia praecox by Emil Kraepelin in 1896. (both refer to mental deterioration early in life)

Front 3

Schizophrenia was first named by...

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Eugen Blueler from the German schizien and the greek work phren, briefly translating split mind. Referring to individuals split from reality.

Front 4

A. Characteristic Symptoms: 2 or more of the following present for a significant portion of time during a one month period.

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1. delusions.
2. hallucinations
3. disorganized speech
4. grossly disorganized, or catatonic behavior
5. negative symptoms

NOTE only one of these is needed if delusions are bizarre or hallucinations consist of a voice keeping commentary, or 2 or more voices conversing with each other.

Front 5

B. Social occupational Dysfunction, for a significant portion of time...

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since the onset of the disturbance, 1 or more major areas of functioning such as work, interpersonal relations, or self care, are markedly below the level achieved prior to the onset

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C. Duration:

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Continuous signs of the disturbance persist for at least 6 months. This six month period must include at least 1 month of symptoms that meet criterion A and may include periods of prodromal or residual symptoms.

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D. Schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion:

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schizoaffective disorder, and mood disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out.

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E. Substance/General medical condition exclusion

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The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition.

Front 9

F. Relationship to a pervasive Developmental Disorder.

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If there is any history of Autistic Disorder, or another PDD, the additional diagnosis of schizophrenia is made only if prominent delusions or hallucinations are also present for at least one month (or less if successfully treated)

Front 10

Subtypes of Schizophrenia

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Catatonic type
Disorganized type
Paranoid type
Undifferentiated type
Residual type.

Front 11

The lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia is...

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0.5-1.5%

Front 12

It usually begins in...

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Late adolescence to early adulthood

Front 13

Content of Delusions often include...

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Thought control, Thought broadcasting, and Thought insertion (thoughts inserted into individuals mind by some outside identity), Grandeur (you are meant to save the world), and reference (things like newspapers are meant for you specifically).

Front 14

Hallucinations can be auditory, or sensory modality, but auditory is the most common, it accounts for about

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75% of cases.

Front 15

Other hallucinations include...

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Visual, olfactory, tactile, and gustatory.

Front 16

Research suggests that auditory hallucinations are likely to be...

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misperceived internal speech

Front 17

Metapause can...

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onset schizophrenia in women.

Front 18

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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reflect an excess or distortion in a normal repertoire of behavior and experience such as delusions, hallucinations, dis speech, dis behavior.

Front 19

Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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reflect an absence or deficit in behaviors that are normally present such as, flat or blunted emotional expressiveness, alogia (not speaking), avolition (not moving)

Front 20

Genetic factors are strongly linked, this is shown in the...

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Twin study

Front 21

Other factors that have been implicates in the development of schizophrenia

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Prenatal exposure to the influenza virus, early nutritional deficiencies, prenatal birth complications.

Front 22

The two neurotransmitters implicated in schizophrenia include...

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Dopamine, and Glutamate

Front 23

Neuro-cognitive deficits found in people with schizophrenia include...

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Attentional Deficits, and Eye tracking dysfunctions.

Front 24

Treatment for schizophrenia

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Antipsychotic drugs which work by blocking dopamine receptors. There are two types of antipsychotics which are, neuroleptics, and 2nd generation antipsychotics.

Front 25

Patients who take second generation drugs have fewer...

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extraprymidial side effects, like motor skills like tardive dyskensia which more or less become permanent as a result of the drugs.