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133 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1787
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Constitution
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1803
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Louisiana Purchase
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1620
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Mayflower Compact
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1861-1865
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Civil War
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Marbury v. Madison (1803)
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judicial review
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McCulloch v. Maryland(1819)
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state bank can't tax federal
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Gibbons v Ogden (1824)
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steamboats - federal power
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Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
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Cherokee nation separate from U.S.A.
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
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first rulebook in colonies
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Jamestown, VA (1607)
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1st English colony
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Thomas Hooker
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wrote the Fund. Orders of Conn
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John Locke
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social contract
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William Penn
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Pennsylvania - Quakers
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Mercantilism
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make money for the mother country
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French and Indian War (1763)
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British/colonists versus French/Indians
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"NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!"
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colonists had nobody to represent them in Parliament
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Proclamation of 1763
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could not move west of the Appalachians
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Sugar Act
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taxes on foods containing sugar
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Stamp Act
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taxes on stamps
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Boston Massacre
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five colonists shot to death after protesting
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Boston Tea Party
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Sons of Liberty dumped tea into harbor - civil disobedience
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Intolerable Acts
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closed the Boston Harbor
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Samuel Adams
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founder of Sons of Liberty
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Benjamin Franklin
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negotiated with France during Revolutionary War
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King George III
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King of England
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Thomas Jefferson
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wrote Declaration of Independence in 1776, 3rd President
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Declaration of Independence
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grievances towards King George III
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Patrick Henry
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"Give me Liberty or Give me Death"
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Lexington and Concord
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"shot heard round the world"
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Thomas Paine
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Common Sense
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Valley Forge
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winter campsite for the Continental Army
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George Washington
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Commander in Chief of Continental Army
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Loyalists
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supported the British during the war
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Patriots
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supported independence from Britain
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Saratoga
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turning point when France joins U.S.
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Yorktown
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last major battle w/ British
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Treaty of Paris
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End of American Revolution, U.S.A wins land, freedom
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John Paul Jones
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Father of Navy "I have not yet begun to fight."
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Abigail Adams
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"Remember the Ladies"
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John Adams
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defended British soldiers in Boston Massacre; 2nd President
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Wentworth Cheswell
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Went to help warn that British were coming
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Mercy Otis Warren
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patriot who wrote plays, poems and essays
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James Armistead
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African American slave who became a spy
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Bernardo de Galvez
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Spanish governor who helped America
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Crispus Attacks
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shot and killed at the Boston Massacre
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Haym Solomon
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Jewish banker who helped to finance the patriots
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Marquis de Lafayette
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a French officer who came to America to help
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Articles of Confederation
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first constitution, FAILED
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Philadelphia Constitutional Convention
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Delegates met to fix the Articles, instead wrote new rulebook
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Virginia Plan
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big state plan based on population
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New Jersey Plan
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small state plan based on equality
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Great Compromise
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two house (bicameral) legislature, House and Senate
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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count three-fifths of a state's slaves as population
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Federalists
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wanted strong national government
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Anti-Federalists
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afraid of strong national government, wanted amendments
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Federalist Papers
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supported the Federalist cause
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Alexander Hamilton
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Federalist, free enterprise, supported national bank, first Sec. of Treasury
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Limited government
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government does not have unlimited power
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Republicanism
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election of representatives
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Checks and Balances
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each branch can check each other
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Federalism
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government in layers; federal, state, local
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Separation of Powers
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three branches of government have separate powers
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Popular Sovereignty
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people power to vote
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Unalienable Rights
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rights that cannot be taken away by the government
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Bill of Rights
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protects us from government
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1st Amendment
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Freedom of...Speech, Religion, Assembly, Petition, Press
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2nd Amendment
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right to bear arms
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3rd Amendment
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no quartering (housing) troops
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4th Amendment
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no illegal search and seizure, warrant
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5th Amendment
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due process- no self incrimination, no double jeopardy
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6th Amendment
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right to a speedy, public trial
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7th Amendment
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trial by jury involving money ($20)
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8th Amendment
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no cruel or unusual punishment
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9th Amendment
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people have other rights not listed in Constitution
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Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
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First two political parties
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George Washington
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1st President of the U.S.
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Washington's Farewell Address
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political parties and foreign alliances should be avoided
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Cabinet
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presidential advisers
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Whiskey Rebellion
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farmers stopped because of strong executive
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Federal Judiciary Act
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created the court system
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XYZ Affair
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France demands bribes, America rejects
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Sedition Acts
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citizens could be fined or jailed if they criticized the government
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Louisiana Purchase (1803)
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doubled size of United States
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Lewis and Clark
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main explorers of Louisiana Purchase
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John Marshall
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Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for over 30 years
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Nationalism
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love or devotion for one's country
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impressment
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main reason for War of 1812, kidnapping sailors
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Monroe Doctrine (1823)
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Europe - Stay out of Western Hemisphere
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New Orleans
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important trade center on the Mississippi River
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Era of Good Feelings
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increased nationalism after War of 1812
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Cotton (cotton gin)
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led to an increase in slavery - more cotton was needed
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Samuel Slater
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brought ideas for the 1st factories to the U.S.
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Urbanization
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people moving from farms to cities
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Industrial Revolution
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factory machines replaced hand tools
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Mass production
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faster/cheaper way to produce product
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Eli Whitney
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invented cotton gin and interchangeable parts
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McCormick Reaper
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increased agricultural production
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Steamboat
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transportation on rivers more efficient
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Samuel Morse
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invented telegraph, increased communication
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Lowell Mills
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mostly single women worked in first factories
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Erie Canal
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man-made waterway connecting New York to West
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Transcontinental Railroads
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railroads running East to West
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Temperance movement
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no sale or drinking of alcohol
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Educational Reform
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led by Horace Mann
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Prison Reform
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Led by Dorothea Dix, better conditions
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Abolitionist Movement
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the movement to end slavery
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Women's Suffrage Movement
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the movement to help women gain equality/right to vote
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Sojourner Truth
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ex-slave who wrote about the rights of women
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Horace Mann
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father of public education
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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led women's movement towards equality and suffrage (right to vote)
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Fredrick Douglass
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former slave, wrote a newspaper called North Star
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William Lloyd Garrison
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publisher of The Liberator an anti-slavery newspaper
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Hudson River School artists
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A group of artists who painted nature scenes from the West
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John J. Audubon
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a European artist who painted pictures of birds.
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Civil Disobedience
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protesting laws you believe are unjust
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Andrew Jackson
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Common Man President, 7th, against the bank
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Spoils System
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Jackson removed government officials and replaced them with friends
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Tariff
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tax on imported goods
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Nullification Crisis
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John C. Calhoun tried to nullify a tax
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Indian Removal Act of 1830
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Native Americans forced to move west
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Trail of Tears
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forced removal of Cherokee Native Americans to Oklahoma
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Manifest Destiny
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belief that the U.S. was destined to stretch from ocean to ocean
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Mexican War (1846-1848)
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fought because of the annexation of Texas
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
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Mexico loses, gives U.S. land called Mexican Cession
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Oregon/Santa Fe Trail
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two of the main trails that led settlers out West
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Gold Rush 1849
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thousands of people go to California to find gold; 49ers
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1607
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Jamestown, first successful English colony in America
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1783
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Treaty of Paris
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1776
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Declaration of Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson
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John Q. Adams
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6th President, Corrupt Bargain
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New England Region
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rocky soil, cold, shipping
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Middle Region
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breadbasket
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Southern Region
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hot, plantations, slavery
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