323-Studyguidept1

Front 1

Four types of basic tissue

Back 1

Epithelial, nervous, connective, muscle tissue

Front 2

Epithelial tissue definition

Back 2

Tightly packed sheets, covers the surface of the human body and lines almost all body cavities

Front 3

Connective tissue definition

Back 3

Mostly supportive function, composed of intercellular material, 8 types

Front 4

Aerolar tissue

Back 4

Thin tissue between muscles and organs

Type of connective tissue

Front 5

Adipose tissue

Back 5

Fat area of tissue between muscles and organs

Connective tissue

Front 6

Lymphoid tissue

Back 6

Found in tonsils and adenoids

Connective tissue

Front 7

White fibrous tissue

Back 7

Dense tissue in ligaments and muscle fascia

Connective tissue

Front 8

Yellow elastic tissue

Back 8

Found within areas of recoil like trachea and bronchial passageways

Connective tissue

Front 9

Cartilage

Back 9

Strength and elasticity

Hyaline-used for nine articulation

Fibrous-between vertbrae

Yellow-epiglottis and pinna

Connective tissue

Front 10

Bone

Back 10

Hardest connective tissue

Front 11

Plasma

Back 11

Blood cells and plasma

Connective tissue

Front 12

Muscle tissue

Back 12

Specialized contractile tissue

Striated=voluntary

Smooth and cardiac=involuntary

Front 13

Nervous tissue

Back 13

Highly specialized communicative tissue

Front 14

Frontal

Back 14

Perpendicular to ground

Front 15

Sagittal

Back 15

Divides the body into left and right

Front 16

Coronal

Back 16

Divides body into ventral and dorsal

Front 17

Ventral

Back 17

Toward the belly

Front 18

Caudal

Back 18

Toward the sky

Front 19

Rostral

Back 19

Toward the snout

Front 20

Dorsal

Back 20

Toward the sky

Front 21

Midsagittal

Back 21

Splits the body exactly in half

Front 22

Ligaments

Back 22

Line visceral (organs) or skeleton (bone to bone)

Front 23

Tendons

Back 23

Attach muscle to bone or cartilage

Front 24

Antagonist vs agonist muscles

Back 24

These two muscles work together. One is the prime mover, the agonist, and the other relaxes when the other moves, the antagonist

Front 25

Muscle origin vs muscle attachment

Back 25

Origin is point of fixed attachment, insertion is the way it moves with contraction

Front 26

Inspiratory muscles

Back 26

-Diaphragm and external intercostals. Interchondral portion of internal intercostals help too.

-elevate sternum and rib cage

Front 27

Expiratory muscles

Back 27

Most important are the abdominal wall muscles: rectus abdominis, internal and external oblique, quadratus lumbomus, and transverse abdominis

-depress the ribs and sternum

Front 28

Trachea location

Back 28

Starts under the larynx and ends behind the sternum, then divides into two bronchi-one in each lung

4 inches long and less and one diameter thick

Front 29

Trachea function

Back 29

Connects larynx to lunch bronchi to provide air flow to and from the lungs for respiration

Front 30

Pulmonary system

Back 30

Includes upper and lower airways and larynx

Front 31

Bronchi

Back 31

Starts with main or primary bronchi, then goes to secondary bronchi, then tertiary bronchi, and finally bronchioles

Front 32

Alveoli definition

Back 32

Small pits or depressions in the walls of terminal bronchioles

Type one cells lined with simple epithelium

Type two produce surfactant to decrease surface tension

Front 33

Costal pleura

Back 33

Covers the inner aspect of the ribs, costal cartilages, and innercostal muscles

Front 34

Structures of the vertebral column

Back 34

Includes 33 vertebrae, intervertebral discs, and can be divided into 5 sections

Front 35

Sections of vertebral column

Back 35

Cervical has 7 vertebrae

Thoracic has 12 vertebrae

Lumbar has 5 vertebrae

Sacrum 5

Coccyx 3-4

Front 36

Parts of the ribs

Back 36

1-7 are true ribs

8-10 are false ribs

11-12 are floating ribs

Front 37

Spinal nerves

Back 37

Cervical has 8 spinal nerves

Thoracic has 12

Lumbar has 5

Sacral has 5

Coccyx has 1

Front 38

Spinal nerve function

Back 38

To carry motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the spinal cord and body

Front 39

Alveoli function

Back 39

Site of O2 and CO2 exchange

Front 40

Location of lungs

Back 40

Located between the rib cage and above the diaphragm

Front 41

Function of lungs

Back 41

Spongy and elastic due to passive mechanical forces

Right lung other than left because left has the heart

Primary purpose of lungs is gas exchange

Front 42

Atmospheric pressure

Back 42

Relative zero against which other pressures are compared

Front 43

Alveolar pressure

Back 43

Pressure within lungs during air exchange

Front 44

Intrapleural pressure

Back 44

Always negative, pressure in pleural linkage

Front 45

Subglottal pressure

Back 45

Pressure below vocal folds

Front 46

Visceral pleura

Back 46

Covers the lungs

Front 47

Parietal pleural

Back 47

Covers internal surface of the thoracic cavity