Euthyphro dilemma is started when two questions were presented about the divine command theorists. In the Euthyphro dialogue, Socrates asked if something is right because God commands it, or does God command it because it is right? This created a suggestion about the relationship between morality and religion to be uncertain I think. It seems as if Euthyphro accepts both theories even though as it is being augmented by Socrates to explain further depths of his reasoning. The options offered to the divine command theorist are intended to be logically exhaustive.…
Euthyphro goes to charge his father for killing his slave after a slave killed another. Euthyphro states that it is because it is pious to do so, however Socrates sees through that and tells him to repeat his reasoning. After Socrates agrees with the way Euthyphro explains the use of piety again, Socrates restates into more detail piety and impiety in the way that Euthyphro means it. This is the instance at which Socrates states “An action or a person that I beloved by the gods is pious, while an action or person that is despised by the gods is impious. They are not the same, but complete opposites” (7a. p.5).…
and if Euthyphro believes his impious actions will insult the gods (4E). Euthyphro believes his advanced wisdom on the meaning piety translates to know what the gods mean by the word too. Socrates needs him to explain the word to demonstrate his mastery of it. Euthyphro attempts to deliver a definition of piety. However, Socrates wants the essence of the word in order to demonstrate true mastery.…
Socrates points out that this is simply one example of piety, not a meaningful explanation, and in reply to this Euthyphro insists that…
In the texts “Antigone” and the “Euthyphro”, there is a clear distinction between different types of justice. In Antigone, divine justice and human justice are the two main points, but divine justice is held at a higher standard. In the Euthyphro, philosophical and political justice are the two main points, but philosophical justice is held at a higher standard. The relationship between the two is that they both go against societal norms at the time period in which they occur. For example, the whole argument in Antigone stems from the death of Antigone’s brother, Polynices’; whether or not he should receive a proper burial.…
The Fourth and Fifth of Euthyphro's Definitions to Piety In the fourth definition of Euthyphro in Plato's dialogue of “Euthyphro”, he describes piety is as a “servants show to their master” (Plato 71). meaning the one should follow the god's ways, like in a way in how a priest would follow the words of the gods in what could be good or evil. Furthermore, Euthyphro could be suggesting that attending to gods is piety (good), meaning doing things that would please the gods would be seeing as goods or just. While not attending to the gods would be seen as impiety to the gods, meaning doing things that the gods would not like would seeing as an evil deed.…
The definition of piety is of special interest to Socrates, as he had just been charged with impiety. He was charged for corrupting the youth of the city and for impiety against the pantheon of Athens. Socrates was called to court in the city of Athens to determine if he is guilty or innocent. At the court, he meets a professional priest named Euthyphro, who was there to prosecute his own father for…
In Books II-IV of Plato’s Republic, Socrates creates an ideal polis, and in doing so finds justice in the soul. The two foundational principles of the ideal city that Socrates creates are self-sufficiency and one-person-one-art, referred to today as specialization. Individual people are not self-sufficient, so the citizens of the city must take up a profession and trade with each other. Socrates and his companions are successful in their search for justice, and are able to reach the answer by considering the classes and their education in an ideal state. Citizens of the ideal city are not able to rely exclusively on themselves, nor are they able to practice a multitude of crafts.…
This is why he asks Euthyphro to define piety, so that he himself will have a measure for deciding what is religious and what is not, thus be able to defend himself in court. Euthyphro answers that what he is doing in prosecuting his father is religious, and he cites the precedent of Zeus punishing his own father (Cronos). Socrates then questions many of the stories about strife among the gods over the next few passages as Euthyphro continues to defend the gods. This questioning of the stories about the gods is what leads to his trial in the first place, that he questioned them and that because he was a teacher it caused the youth to question the gods. If you question the gods and the gods are pious, you are in turn acting with impiety.…
Euthyphro’s definition of piety is the action/way that all the gods love. This means that the gods actions are not arbitrary or relative, rather they are deeply rooted in principles which are shared. The similarity I want to draw on is in Mill’s approach to higher pleasures where he believes that competent judges’ preferences are not as relative as they are principled, hence encompassing a deeper and higher value associated with higher pleasures that outweigh the pleasure amount argument. However, it’s important to realize that this justification takes the ideology further away from hedonism as it has now involved other higher senses and principles, which defeats the purpose of hedonism. Still, it does explain the dignity and value we as mortals attach to higher pleasures that are achieved by higher capacity exercises.…
Euthyphro Dilemma The Euthyphro dilemma is an argument that was brought about by a question asked by Socrates during Plato’s Euthyphro. The question is seen to object the Divine Command Theory. Socrates asked, “is the pious loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is loved by the gods?” or in other words, “Are morally good acts willed by God because they are morally good, or are they morally good because they are willed by God?”…
Socrates claims to have no knowledge of these types of things, and concedes that if he has any knowledge at all it is of worthless or trivial things. He claims that his purpose for initiating interactions with these reputedly knowledgeable people is first and foremost to prove the oracle wrong, because he believes he really knows nothing. If he can successfully prove the oracle wrong by finding someone who is indeed wiser or more knowledgeable than him, then he will be presented with the opportunity to learn something worthwhile from the person he is engaging, which is his second purpose for these interactions. Unfortunately, this proves to be an unsuccessful method of learning for Socrates because he does not actually learn the fine and good things he has sought to learn; instead he has learned that the reputedly knowledgeable people are merely ignorant of their own ignorance. He determines that they are only truly capable of giving him examples of specific instances where actions seem to showcase the thing that he is seeking knowledge of—such the examples of piety that Euthyphro describes; he also discerns that they are incapable of giving him a definitive definition that is not easily shown to be a contradiction or fallacious in some other way.…
Throughout their discussion, the two men explore four separate attempts at a singular definition for piety, firstly Euthyphro’s own actions, what is pleasing to the gods, what is loved by the gods, and justice as it concerns to the gods. Finally the men come to a fifth and final definition, offering that actions considered pious are, “pleasing to the gods at prayer and sacrifice.” (Euthyphro, 14b). Using the Socratic method, Socrates quickly identifies the fault in this explanation, as Euthyphro defines these services as “all things most dear to [the gods].” (Euthyphro, 15b).…
For example, in the Euthyphro, Socrates uses knowledge of the gods that he possess to contradict claims that Euthyphro made about what is pious and impious. Socrates’ contradictions force his interlocutor to rethink his definitions. (Euthyphro, 7d-8a) In addition, Socrates’ use of his knowledge combined with Euthyphro rethought definition of pious opens the door for Socrates to give rise to the Euthyphro dilemma, a well-known philosophical inquiry concerning the source of pious things piety. (Euthyphro, 10d)…
In the Euthyphro Dilemma, Euthyphro also supports the Divine Command Theory, believing that the gods determine what is right and wrong. The dilemma raises the question, “is the pious loved by the gods because it is pious, or is it pious because it is loved by the gods? " What Euthyphro believes is, “what is dear to the gods is pious, what is not is impious,” which follows the constitutive belief (Plato 11). One who is in support of the evidential theory believes that God makes commands because they are right.…