The Marketization of Care for Older People
Introduction
This chapter aims to illustrate the theoretical framework of ‘mixed economy of care’ and ‘marketization of care’ as well as to explore the distinct model of care for older people in urban China.
In the first section, it applies the approach corresponds to the ‘mixed economy of care’ (Knapp et al., 2001, Lewis, 1995, Glendinning, 2012, Powell, 2007) and ‘care diamond’ (Ochiai, 2009, Razavi, 2007) in the field of ‘social care’ (Daly and Lewis, 2000; Lewis and West, 2014). After the discussion of the classification and characteristics of care diamonds in different contexts, it explores the changing balance of state, market, family, and community in the older care regime in urban China, especially in the field of home care. In urban China, there are trade-offs and cooperation among these four sectors. The state is still dominated in the older care but is changing from ‘big state’ to ‘indirect state’ (Jing, 2009) for monitoring, regulating, and financial supporting. China particularly values family for providing care to the …show more content…
The ‘welfare mix’ theory suggested that, welfare is provided by the mix of state, market and other providers (Rose and Shiratori, 1986; Daly and Lewis, 2000; Soma, et al., 2011). In 1990, Esping-Andersen proposed ‘welfare triangle’, which argues that welfare regimes are based on the mix of welfare provided by three sectors - state, market and family. Gradually, the ‘third sector’ (voluntary and non-profit welfare) or ‘community’ has been involved into ‘mixed economy of welfare’ and ‘welfare diamond’ (Esping-Andersen, 1990; Powell, 2007; Ochiai, 2009). To be specific, as Powell (2007) argued, the mixed economy of welfare concerns about the mix of four sectors – state, market, voluntary (i.e. NGO, third sector), and informal (i.e. family, friends, neighbours)
Introduction
This chapter aims to illustrate the theoretical framework of ‘mixed economy of care’ and ‘marketization of care’ as well as to explore the distinct model of care for older people in urban China.
In the first section, it applies the approach corresponds to the ‘mixed economy of care’ (Knapp et al., 2001, Lewis, 1995, Glendinning, 2012, Powell, 2007) and ‘care diamond’ (Ochiai, 2009, Razavi, 2007) in the field of ‘social care’ (Daly and Lewis, 2000; Lewis and West, 2014). After the discussion of the classification and characteristics of care diamonds in different contexts, it explores the changing balance of state, market, family, and community in the older care regime in urban China, especially in the field of home care. In urban China, there are trade-offs and cooperation among these four sectors. The state is still dominated in the older care but is changing from ‘big state’ to ‘indirect state’ (Jing, 2009) for monitoring, regulating, and financial supporting. China particularly values family for providing care to the …show more content…
The ‘welfare mix’ theory suggested that, welfare is provided by the mix of state, market and other providers (Rose and Shiratori, 1986; Daly and Lewis, 2000; Soma, et al., 2011). In 1990, Esping-Andersen proposed ‘welfare triangle’, which argues that welfare regimes are based on the mix of welfare provided by three sectors - state, market and family. Gradually, the ‘third sector’ (voluntary and non-profit welfare) or ‘community’ has been involved into ‘mixed economy of welfare’ and ‘welfare diamond’ (Esping-Andersen, 1990; Powell, 2007; Ochiai, 2009). To be specific, as Powell (2007) argued, the mixed economy of welfare concerns about the mix of four sectors – state, market, voluntary (i.e. NGO, third sector), and informal (i.e. family, friends, neighbours)