In World Book Advanced it explains in Ancient Greece, successful unique city states emerged like Athens and Sparta. Some of these city states, most notably of which is Athens, encouraged democracy. There was disunity among these city states until the Persians initiated war. The Persian Empire was one of the greatest of ancient times and was expanding rapidly. It was the Spartans and Athenians united that the Persians were able to defeat the Persian forces. It was their finest hour when they were able to set aside difference and unite they were powerful. It was the great city-states fought amongst themselves brought Greece to its knees. It took the Philip II, King of Macedonia, and his son Alexander the Great to rebuild and unite which did not last for long because that empire was split at Alexander’s death ushering in the age of Romans. It was division between the people that ultimately humbled …show more content…
He transitions to offer a bold statement about contemporary Western civilization its “hubris … is to ever imagine that nothing came before and that nothing will come after it.” Society is plagued with problems as he explains the migration crisis and Middle East civil wars. These notions are falsely premised as Western civilization essentially believes in its ever existing rule; this ideology is being challenged today. This is as Alamu classifies it as “western intellectual and ideological arrogance as well as political hubris.” This hubris is mistake. These “flash point of economic insecurity, [and] political instability” is the basis are caused by shifts in power in power in Asia and disturbances in the Middle East. Russia and China are developing the their own unique “political hubris” which is an “ironic tribute to as well as an ironic reproach of western dominance.” This must be accepted that there is nothing that is eternal. The power is shifted. This Western civilization was repeatedly built from the ashes of