Summary Of Annotated Bibliography

Improved Essays
Annotated Bibliography
Begg, G. S., Cook, S. M., Dye, R., Ferrante, M., Franck, P., Lavigne, C., & ... Birch, A. E. (2016). A functional overview of conservation biological control. Crop Protection, doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2016.11.008
Begg, the major author is a researcher affiliated with Hutton Institute, one of the biggest research centers in the United Kingdom. He coordinated and spearheaded the EU-PURE (Pesticide Use and Risk reduction in European farming systems) Program, a collaboration project among the research institute in the UK, Denmark, France and New Zealand. Noteworthy, they formulated a concept model for Conservation Biological Control (CBC) as part of an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategy. They highlight a sustainable
…show more content…
They have reviewed 52 research journals about disease management using biological control. They presented various biological control mechanisms such as parasitism, antibiosis, competition, plant resistance induction among others. Furthermore, they categorized biological microbial as bio-protectants, bio-fertilizers and bio-stimulant. They emphasized the use of beneficial microorganisms in controlling target plant pathogens to minimize the use of chemical pesticides, although it requires appropriate management practices. The paper contains insights on biological control management and researchable areas yet to be undertaken for it to be at par with chemical pesticides. The authors implicate a balance view on the use of biotechnology as well as organic agriculture towards sustainable environment, while attaining food production demands of the increasing …show more content…
The authors coming from different countries-Vietnam, China, Mexico, Cuba, Greece and Colombia and in collaboration with USDA-Florida, have presented the status on conservation biological control for agriculture in the developing world. From their review of related literatures coming from 53 developing nations, they found out that biological control in agriculture is narrowed on habitat management, rather than a holistic conservation biological control on manipulation of the agroecosystem that enhance the survival and performance of natural enemies of pest. Generally, the paper is focused on insect pests; nevertheless, it provides perspective on crop major problems and emerging pesticide resistance that needs to be solved through biological

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Pros And Cons Of GMO

    • 1705 Words
    • 7 Pages

    This common theme is: what is the effect of producing and farming GMO’s on the environment? The effect on the production and farming of GMO’s on the surrounding the environment can be answered simply by saying, there are little to no negative effects. While traditional farming uses thousands of gallons of water, pesticide, and herbicide, modern GMO crops can be engineered to drastically reduce this. The widespread use of pesticide in the modern era of farming can have drastic adverse effects on not only the environment surrounding the infected area, but also the humans which inhabit that specific area. Pesticides are traditionally sprayed from crop duster airplanes; this is a highly ineffective way of covering the crops, and a highly effective way of infecting the environment with potentially deadly consequences. These consequences can include but are not limited to, groundwater contamination, killing of controller species, and creation of new pests. (6) The production and distribution of GM crops with a pesticide gene included inside, like Bt corn, has the potential to decrease and eliminate harmful crop dusting and widespread pesticide use; which will in turn positively affect the…

    • 1705 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    You are a tomato farmer whose crops are threatened by a persistent species of beetle. Each year, you spend large sums of money for pesticides to protect your crops. A biotechnology company introduces a new strain of tomato plant that produces a natural pesticide, making it resistant to the beetle. By switching to this new strain, you could avoid both the beetle and the chemical pesticides traditionally needed to fight it.…

    • 311 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Since the chemical industry fails to acknowledge the harmful effects of their products on the product label, and the chemical poisons used as insecticides a lot of agriculture in the war against insects. As a result, it causes a significant impact on all the earth’s natural resources and damages many living organisms, but the problem remains the same that the insecticides kill insects only in the short term. If we use these chemicals for a long time, insects gradually develop resistance to these chemicals. Therefore, we are likely to kill the natural predators of the insects and leave the path open for the pest insects to take over in a large…

    • 1226 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Air Rifle Research Paper

    • 540 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Pests can prove to be a real nuisance when the attack your farm. They can destroy the crops in your farm leading to huge losses. Pests can also be a safety concern for the family. Some can prove to be a real danger even to human beings. To keep pests away and protect crops on your land, one effective method is with an air rifle. An air rifle that combines good accuracy and speed has the ability to harm pests and keep them from your land. To manage the pest menace effectively, you should follow the following basics.…

    • 540 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Gmo Persuasive Speech

    • 363 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Studies have proven that toxic bacteria can be added as higher dosages to make them more insect resistant. Those studies have proven that these insects can die in less than 5 minutes. Bio pesticides are made from natural organisms such as plants, animals, bacteria, and minerals (ConnectUS Staff). There are three categories of this type of pesticide, microbial pesticides, biochemical pesticides, and plant incorporated pesticides. Microbial pesticides are microorganisms, for example bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa. Biochemical pesticides are natural substances that can control pests using nontoxic procedures. Plant incorporated pesticides are pesticides that plant themselves after the genetic organisms have already been inserted (Hsaio). The insecticide use has gone down from 1995 to 2015 by 63%, and the corn growth rate has gone up by 77%. Decreasing the use of pesticides can make the earths air clean and non-polluted…

    • 363 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Just like the last paper, I wrote my paper in my living room hearing music. I just like listening to music because I feel that the sound and the lyrics makes my mind wonder. For some people listening to music especially when there is singing it is hard to concentrate. This whole paper took me almost a whole week to finish. I had to find sources that will support my research question and if they are going to provide enough information. In high school, I wrote an Annotated Bibliography for my English class, so I knew how it worked. Even though I knew how to write an Annotated Bibliography I still had a difficult time writing it. I was scared that I was not writing enough or I was writing too much.…

    • 132 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Gmo Good Or Bad Essay

    • 1227 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Food hunger is a big problem in today 's world because of our tremendously high population, but the lack of food production is not the only problem that causes these things; other factors such as food waste, poverty and many other factors are causing huge impact to the world (Global food crisis). Another positive claim that comes from these genetically modified crops is that they can sustain pesticides better than non gmo crops, and therefore less pesticide has to be used; but these crops have actually caused more pesticides to be used in crops after they began to be modified, and that is because insects are always adapting to the new substances and plants that are…

    • 1227 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    From mid-twentieth century, the revolution in food production was supported by extensive utilization of synthetic pesticide and fertilizers. Moreover, modern techniques of irrigation, greenhouse production, and breeding crops surmount some ecological restrictions. By and large, all these advances lead to some negative consequences. Under the propitious conditions some pests, which they did not consider seriously before, rise to outbreaks their population; This process accelerate with this fact that pests predator’s population were damaged by pervasive use of…

    • 78 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Honey Bee Pollinators

    • 1137 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Use of pesticides such as imidacloprid have skyrocketed, as "Over 120 countries use imidacloprid under the Bayer label on more than 140 crop varieties”, harming many native bee populations around the world (Scott). If the US wants to help bee populations, it can gradually ban synthetic pesticides alongside countries like France and Germany, who both have banned imichlorpid after connections between the pesticide and many bee deaths in their respective regions (Scott). It’s important to keep in mind that farmers still need these pesticides, so a ban would have to take time and allow companies to create new pesticides that don’t damage bees If the US doesn’t want to outright ban the products, it must invest in promising solutions such as gmo crops if it wants to save the US bee population. These new solutions not only could limit the amount of pesticides sprayed on plants (helping not only bees but birds and smaller mammals who are shown to be slightly affected by pesticides), but can also further agriculture and lead to new advances that better human…

    • 1137 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Biocontrol is the control of pests by interference with their ecological status, as by introducing a natural enemy or a pathogen into the environment. Biocontrol is a method used for pest control in crop production, it reduces the reliance on using synthetic pesticides, thus not having as much of a negative impact on the environment as pesticides. Using a biocontrol also maintains the economic viability of crop production. The global rate of using biocontrol compared to conventional methods has remained minimal. Biocontrol needs an active human management role where it relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory and other natural mechanisms to control pests such as insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases by using other organisms.…

    • 725 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    For centuries, Canadian farmers have lost their crops to disease caused by fungal plant pathogens. In agriculture, crop contamination is detected in both pre- and postharvest stages of growth (Bonaterra et al., 2003). During preharvest field preparation, the objective is for farmers to mitigate the negative impacts on biodiversity, improve forest production and minimize impacts on the residual forest stand, soil and water values (Chung et al., 2008). The current use of synthetic fungicides is the primary means for controlling postharvest diseases. Further along, at the postharvest stage, processing steps include cleaning, sorting, and packing of the crops which are handled. Results from previous studies indicate…

    • 775 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    (Aktar, Sengupta, Chowdhury, Impact of pesticides use in agriculture) Farmers can spend less-time in the field because they don’t have to fertilize the ground by tilling it. (Aktar, Sengupta, Chowdhury, Impact of pesticides use in agriculture) Farmers use pesticides to destroy pests that harm the plants by taking the crop’s space, nutrients, and water. (Whitford, 7) On average, pests destroy 37% of all potential crops. Pests are classified as insects, plant pathogens, and weeds. (Pimental, 229) Altogether, each dollar invested in pesticides returns about $4 in protected crops. (Pimental,…

    • 799 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Agriculture was developed to produce crops and livestock for human consumption. Nowadays, human population is rapidly increasing, the amount of food produced is very important. Unfortunately, there are other organisms out there that want to consume the crops. According to a research, it is estimated that nearly 37% of all crops produced in the United States each year are destroyed by agricultural pests, which results in an economic loss of around $122 billion a year. (Education Portal). Due to this high loss in food production, pesticides are often used to try to combat the problem. For benefit of pesticide among human lives, it helps increase food production, increased profits for farmers and the prevention of diseases. (Education Portal) When the farmer use pesticide on the crops or any food, the pests will not eat the food, the crops could get continuously growth and become human’s food. Otherwise, the crops will be destroyed and be eaten by the pests, this will affect the food production each year. Therefore, the farmers have to use pesticide to control these pests, repel them…

    • 1082 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The aim of this paper is to explore biodynamic farming as it specifically relates to viticulture. Biodynamic practices may have an impact on not only the health of vineyard soil and crop, but also enology. According to Trippetts, Count Carl von Keyserlingk of Germany requested a group of farmers and doctors to address the problem of declining soil and crop quality in Europe (Tippetts, 2012). Biodynamics was developed to answer this request. In the 1920s Dr. Rudolf Steiner developed the theory of biodynamics (Tippetts, 2012). Dr. Steiner presented a series of lectures that explored the theory of providing a holistic approach to caring for the land, crops and animals. The premise of biodynamics is to consider the sustainability of different…

    • 1754 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Pest infestation is responsible for mare than half of all the crop production lost(Springer 2011). An example of the positive impact of biotechnology is pest-resistant crops. Developed countries have a solution to this with a soil bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis(BT). Developing countries, like India, who have already touched hands with this, have noticed a strong progression towards their goal in the millennium development goal. Bt crops have been successful in increasing yield and improving the economic status for farmers. Once again, developed countries need to pay attention to this and distribute and resource they have. This is extremely important, because developing countries are lacking the money and resources and with help from other countries they might develop quicker. On the negative side, there has also been a downfall with the Bt experiment. Some scientists are questioning the resistance of the toxin to the pest (Gemelli,…

    • 841 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays