The purpose of this report is to give a comprehensive overview of the pathology of Stroke and transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs). Information will be drawn from credible sources to ascertain the prevalence of, and the risk factors for Strokes and TIA’s. Part B of the report will draw on the physiology of the brain to further assess the mechanics of a stroke and look at the motor and sensory outcomes for a person depending on where, within the cerebral cortex, they experience a stroke.
It is important for patients to have access to a multidisciplinary stroke team in order to receive the best care and support. Occupational Therapy is one of these disciplines. This report will draw on best practice guidelines set out by NICE and SIGN and identify …show more content…
Blood is pumped to the brain from the heart through four main arteries. These arteries deliver nutrients such as oxygen and glucose needed for neural tissue to survive and thrive. A stroke reduces or halts the blood being supplied to distal brain tissue thus depriving it of its basic needs for survival and as a result neural tissue can become necrotic.
A lack of blood flow to the brain can have devastating consequences as the body relies on the central nervous system, of which the brain is an integral part, to control voluntary and involuntary responses responsible muscle movement and internal organs. Disabilities and fatalities are common in patients experiencing stroke depending on the type, size and location of the stroke. Stroke can be categorised into three subdivisions: ischaemic, transient ischaemic attacks or haemorrhagic.
Ischaemic stroke
According to Chest Heart and Stroke Scotland (CHSS), ischaemic strokes account for approximately 85% of all strokes (figure 1a). An ischaemic stroke is one in which a blockage (occlusion) occurs within a blood vessel in the brain. The blockage stops or limits blood from flowing through the vessels thus starving neural tissue that is supplied further
It is important for patients to have access to a multidisciplinary stroke team in order to receive the best care and support. Occupational Therapy is one of these disciplines. This report will draw on best practice guidelines set out by NICE and SIGN and identify …show more content…
Blood is pumped to the brain from the heart through four main arteries. These arteries deliver nutrients such as oxygen and glucose needed for neural tissue to survive and thrive. A stroke reduces or halts the blood being supplied to distal brain tissue thus depriving it of its basic needs for survival and as a result neural tissue can become necrotic.
A lack of blood flow to the brain can have devastating consequences as the body relies on the central nervous system, of which the brain is an integral part, to control voluntary and involuntary responses responsible muscle movement and internal organs. Disabilities and fatalities are common in patients experiencing stroke depending on the type, size and location of the stroke. Stroke can be categorised into three subdivisions: ischaemic, transient ischaemic attacks or haemorrhagic.
Ischaemic stroke
According to Chest Heart and Stroke Scotland (CHSS), ischaemic strokes account for approximately 85% of all strokes (figure 1a). An ischaemic stroke is one in which a blockage (occlusion) occurs within a blood vessel in the brain. The blockage stops or limits blood from flowing through the vessels thus starving neural tissue that is supplied further