The ethnic and racial stratifications in the United States educational system have been reinforced throughout history by means of public policy on racial biases. The biases in which policies are formulated and applied, has created and expanded the achievement gap between White-Americans and minorities. These policies are not always directly targeting low-income schools, however it can be seen within the segregation of residential areas that has a direct impact on local schools. The racial and ethnic stratification of education in low-income schools is not simply the work of one factor, but a combination of sociological elements that have perpetuated these circumstances. Through intergroup relations, sociological components, and historical events constrain the
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The separation of educational facilities based on race was deemed legal in the court case Plessy v. Ferguson and the supreme court saw the practice of “separate but equal” as constitutional in 1896 (Golash-Boza). This is a pivotal point in history where the segregation of races was upheld by the government of the United States and paved the way for future racism in education. The idea of separate but equal was challenged in 1954 with the case of Brown v. Board of Education. Brown won this case and established the foundation of combating racial segregation and inequality in education.
One policy with the intent to battle racism is affirmative action. Affirmative action creates expectations for schools, companies and other establishments to reach a certain quota of minorities to increase racial diversity (Golash-Boza). This policy has strived to decrease racism seen in many aspects of society. Although affirmative action has helped with decreasing segregation there are still major sociological components, which minority students encounter that increase the achievement gap between whites and
The separation of educational facilities based on race was deemed legal in the court case Plessy v. Ferguson and the supreme court saw the practice of “separate but equal” as constitutional in 1896 (Golash-Boza). This is a pivotal point in history where the segregation of races was upheld by the government of the United States and paved the way for future racism in education. The idea of separate but equal was challenged in 1954 with the case of Brown v. Board of Education. Brown won this case and established the foundation of combating racial segregation and inequality in education.
One policy with the intent to battle racism is affirmative action. Affirmative action creates expectations for schools, companies and other establishments to reach a certain quota of minorities to increase racial diversity (Golash-Boza). This policy has strived to decrease racism seen in many aspects of society. Although affirmative action has helped with decreasing segregation there are still major sociological components, which minority students encounter that increase the achievement gap between whites and