Interaction of concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid generated nitronium ion which is electrophile. And methyl benzoate nitration is one of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Nitronium ion will reacts with protonated intermediate at the meta position. After NO2 substituted, it becomes arenium ion intermediate. Then, the remained product HSO4- will attack hydrogen then transfer the proton to methyl 3-benzoate. In the experiment, students placed around 12 drops of concentrated H2SO4 in 10x100nm reaction tube then add around 6 drops of methyl benzoate into the tube.Then, flick it to let the mixture react better. And adding the H2SO4 does the protonation first (draw the equation) therefore, the resonance forms. And ready preparing another test tube for mixture of
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The mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid is generated the nitronium ion. And nitronium is also a arenium ion which is resonance stability. After nitronium was generated, nitronium will attack the meta position of methyl benzoate aromatic ring and the reason is ester is meta director and deactivated benzene ring. Deactivated ring means the substituents on the ring are groups that withdraw electrons. When adding the H2SO4 and HNO3 mixture into methyl benzoate, it turns oily clear color. Moreover, when adds mixture into main test tube, students should use string rod and let the reaction mixed well during adding the acids. And also the temperature cannot over 15 C and judged by touching the tube and know the temperature of mixture. After adding all the nitric acid into main test tube, students warm the solution to room temperature. Afterward 15 minutes, transfer the solution from test tube to 25 ml beaker and pour small block around 2.50g of ice, the ice water cool down the solution and let the solution crystallizes. The water inside ice may already happen the protionation. Then, transfer proton
The mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid is generated the nitronium ion. And nitronium is also a arenium ion which is resonance stability. After nitronium was generated, nitronium will attack the meta position of methyl benzoate aromatic ring and the reason is ester is meta director and deactivated benzene ring. Deactivated ring means the substituents on the ring are groups that withdraw electrons. When adding the H2SO4 and HNO3 mixture into methyl benzoate, it turns oily clear color. Moreover, when adds mixture into main test tube, students should use string rod and let the reaction mixed well during adding the acids. And also the temperature cannot over 15 C and judged by touching the tube and know the temperature of mixture. After adding all the nitric acid into main test tube, students warm the solution to room temperature. Afterward 15 minutes, transfer the solution from test tube to 25 ml beaker and pour small block around 2.50g of ice, the ice water cool down the solution and let the solution crystallizes. The water inside ice may already happen the protionation. Then, transfer proton