Bio 202 - Unit #3 Case Studies: 1- Blood, Heart, and Vessels 1)WHy are lymph nodes enlarged (adenopathy)? How does this fit with his CBC test? J.T’s lymph nodes are enlarged due to a high count of white blood cell count . Jt has a high white blood cell count because his body is trying to fight off an infection. 2)…
No anterior or posterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Skin Examination around the mouth does show a small, erythematous papule just to the left side of the upper lip. There is no obvious ulceration. There is no surrounding redness. There is no drainage noted.…
What are the symptoms? Fever Night Sweats Swollen lymph nodes Weight loss Fever Tiredness Distortion of facial bones COLUMN 6:…
A) Explain why transport systems are required in the body? The reasons as to why transport systems are required in the body is because it allows the body to be able to respire and be able to get all that it needs to maintain the same state, for example, oxygen throughout the body as well as nutrients to the cells in the body. An example of a transport system is the Respiratory system. This system is required in the body as it helps the body to take in oxygen, this can be done through the lungs, as it allows it to be absorbed into the blood, through the use of the alveolus found within the tissue of the lungs, in order to provide energy for the cells in the body to keep functioning as well as developing.…
assess your progress question number 13 chapter 24 The walls and organs of the abdominal cavity are lined with serous membranes. These membranes are very smooth and secrete a serous fluid, which provides a lubricating film between the layers of membranes. The membranes and fluid reduce friction as organs move within the abdomen. The serous membrane that covers the organs is the visceral peritoneum and the one that covers the interior surface of the wall of the abdominal cavity is the parietal peritoneum.…
Introduction Decorative tattoos have become more popular throughout the decades. When someone receives a tattoo the ink is injected into either the dermis or epidermis with a needle. Through various case studies with over 30 years of receiving the tattoo, patients contracted lymphadenopathy, a disease affecting the lymph nodes [1]. Lymph nodes are found all throughout the body including: armpits, epicondyles, pelvis, and neck. Depending on the trauma the tattoo has gone through or the color ink the patient used in their tattoo, patients acquired symptoms resembling melanoma within their lymph nodes.…
There are two forms of inflammatory bowel disease. One is called Crohn’s Disease and the other is called Ulcerative Colitis. Crohn’s can occur in any region of the gastrointestinal track which includes ulceration, fissures and fistulas. Some of the symptoms of Crohn’s disease are diarrhea, rectal bleeding, fever, abdominal pain, fatigue, reduced appetite and weight loss. Some of the complications of Crohn’s disease are that overtime it forms scar tissues inside the gastrointestinal track which leads to obstruction of content to pass by and so you might feel pain in that area.…
The small intestine consists of three divisions: The duodenum is the uppermost division and the part to which the pyloric end of the stomach attaches. it is about 25 cm (10 inches) long and is shaped roughly like the letter C. The name duodenum , meaning " 12 fingerbreadths," refers to the short length of this intestinal division. The duodenum becomes jejunum at the point where the tube turns abruptly forward and downward .…
there are two type of barium enemas in a single contrast study and a double –contrast or air contrast study which M V had experienced ( web md) ,An endoscopy is a procedure in which doctor uses specialized instrument flexible tube with light and camera , view digestive tract ,and operate if needed ,( Medscape ) .The diagnosis of ulcerative colitis is best made with endoscopy. Endoscopically, ulcerative colitis is characterized by abnormal erythematous mucosa, with or without ulcerations, extending from the rectum to part or all of the colon. The inflammation is uniform, without intervening areas of normal mucosa, while skip lesions tend to characterize Crohn disease. Contact bleeding may also be observed, with mucus identified in the lumen of the bowel (Medscape).…
These ulcers will cause discomfort and ultimately lead to emptying the colon many times in a day.” (“Crohn 's & Colitis,” (n.d.). Ulcerative Colitis is a form of Irritable Bowel Disease; not to be confused with Irritable Bowel Syndrome. The difference between the two being that IBD causes inflammation of the bowels and can lead to tiredness and rectal bleeding; whereas IBS does not cause inflammation, fatigue, or rectal bleeding. Ulcerative Colitis only affects the lining of the large intestine; unlike similar diseases such as Crohn’s disease, or irritable bowel syndrome that affects more than just the lining of the bowel.…
The spleen can be found in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, lying posteriorly to the stomach and underneath the diaphragm. The spleen can be found enclosed in a capsule of dense irregular connective tissue (Krause, 2008). Prone to infections and other conditions, the spleen can easily become enlarged because it is highly vascularized. Malignancies, parasites, liver diseases and other conditions passed in the blood and immune system can cause the spleen to be infected. In addition to the major functions of the spleen, it also helps clean out the bloodstream as well as protects the immune system by removing old and unhealthy red blood cells (Wein , 2016).…
The spleen is a unique organ, positioned in the abdomen underneath the diaphragm the spleen is the biggest secondary lymphoid organ. It has two functionally distinct zones. The red pulp and the white pulp, and the boundary between the two the marginal zone. The red pulp is mainly a venous sinous. The white pulp is the spleen lymphoid part, it is composed from the T cells area arranged around a central arteriole and named PALS (periarteriolar lymphoid sheath) and the surrounding B cells area or follicles.…
There are two types’ lymphatic ducts that use lymphatic vessels to carry lymph towards it. (internet) The thoracic and right lymphatic duct and these ducts act to return lymph back to the venous blood supply so that it can be circulated through the body’s plasma. (internet) The thoracic duct extends and links the lymphatic vessels of the legs, abdomen, left are and the left side of the head, neck and thorax to the left brachiocephalic vein.…
Lymphatic Filariasis is a disease to the lymphatic system and is the “leading cause to permanent disability in the world” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). The lymphatic system plays a major role to our immune system. Lymph is created from the lymphatic system which contain lymphocytes and white blood cells which as we know white blood cells are key to fighting off infections of any sort. Organs in the lymphatic system also dispose of some waste in the body. Lymph nodes are one of those organs that filter foreign substances out.…
The appendix is located in the lower right side of the abdominal in the shape of a small hallow worm-like tube the size of a small finger that is attached to the cecum, the beginning of the colon. Most people diagnosed with appendicitis are most often between ages 10-30 but anybody can get it most without any warning. Its function is unknown but some medical Doctors think it may be linked to the immune system in addition to the digestive but it is not a vital organ and when removed in an appendectomy is seems to do no harm to the body. The causes can be from many factors & in some cases unknown, many include blockage of the opening inside the appendix that is alloying germs to over flow & cause an infection, enlarged tissue in the wall of the appendix that is infected by the GI or elsewhere in the body, inflamed bowel disease due to parasites, stool, or growths of germs that clog or spill out into the abdominal cavity. The symptoms may not all appear at once but in many cases starts with tenderness and acute abdominal pain that starts near the navel (belly button) then travels to the right side of the lower abdominal, may have chills & shaking, a low fever, nausea & sometimes vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, an inability to pass gas, and the pain grows sharper & get quite severe in the matter of hours.…