Mackinder Compare And Contrast Essay

Improved Essays
Compare and Contrast Iseri (2009) and Mackinder (1904)

In 1904 Sir Halford John Mackinder wrote the journal ‘The Geographical Pivot of History’ which influence nearly three generations of strategists and changed the way politicians and military men saw the world. Mackinder saw history as a battle between the land-based powers and the sea-based powers. Over time all the land in the world had been discovered, fought over and claimed so the world had now become a ‘closed’ system. Therefore greater powers would now struggle for world hegemony and the victor would then be able to set up a world empire. In the journal, ‘The US Grand Strategy and the Eurasian Heartland in the Twenty-First Century’, Emre Iseri describes how the US and other great powers are always looking for ways to gain more power in order to feel more secure. He links the ways in which these great powers try to attain more power with Mackinder’s Heartland theory in several ways.
…show more content…
If any power were to gain control and power over the heartland then they would have control over the world-island and so would be able to gain power of the world and set up a world empire. If a power was able to do this, control the Eurasian Heartland, there would be no conquering it. Even if all the sea-based powers were to join together against this great power, their efforts would be null. In time the ‘pivot state’, “would reach open waters, and, with the resources of the "world island" behind it, it would be unstoppable;" as stated by Mackinder in his article. Mackinder’s theory is contained in his famous

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The philosophers and political researchers Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri also have a philosophical theory about a type of human interaction which extends past globalization, which they call Empire. However, it does not adopt the same generally positive and optimistic tone that Appiah takes. Instead, their view is that this tend towards increased interdependency has began the creation of a homogeneous, monolithic power structure known as Empire. At the outset, this view of power relates to Thomas Hobbes’ views about the power of the state over the governed and the contract between the governed and the centralizing governing body (Hardt 7). Hardt and Negri give credit to earlier theorists who initially extrapolated Hobbes’ theories, assigning…

    • 1293 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Ap World History Dbq Essay

    • 1523 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The Europeans were able to increase their influence over the globe in the early modern period in an unprecedented manner. This was due to a combination of factors specific to their geographical and political circumstances. The extent to which Europeans truly influenced the globe is debated by revisionist historians, particularly those from Asian nations, who questioned the standard narrative of superiority as the force behind European domination. However, European nations clearly established unparalleled links with foreign nations across the globe, and this was made possible by the political will of European states, the development of naval power and superior arms, and their strategy of interaction with Indigenous peoples.…

    • 1523 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Year Civilization Collapsed is worth reading for us as historians and students. Despite the fact that there is no definitive answer to how a sudden end came to such a vast and extensive world, there are still many important things we can take away from this book. Although we do learn a great deal about the time period from the sixteenth to eleventh century B.C., the idea of internationalism stands is a focal point throughout the whole book.…

    • 985 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    There are over seven billion people that are currently living on this planet, and out of those seven billion people about one billion are children that are living in poverty. Two of these one billion children happened to be named the same and live in the same neighborhood. Wes Moore was the name that belonged to both of these two children. Although they grew up in the same neighborhood for most of their childhood, they would grow up to live completely different lives. This is due to the differences that each encountered while growing up including their families, experiences and choices that each of the boys made.…

    • 687 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jane Burbank and Fredrick Cooper wrote “The Empire Effect” so that historians reading would be able to identify the core faults in the imperial system. That these core faults led to detrimental events in modern history. Monotheism was a fault in the imperial system, resulting in detrimental events due to the sole identity of the concept of power. The lack of equality in the imperial system was a failure, resulting in civil conflict. Burbank and Cooper wrote the “The Empire Effect” to identify the key differences between empires and current nation-states, and their similarities.…

    • 263 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw the rise of a striking change in American foreign policy. In its quest to emerge as a world power, the United States of America started to become significantly more involved in world affairs, which eventually led to the controlling and imperializing of other foreign countries. The United States used a new form of imperialism, in which countries were not directly conquered - instead, American businesses and government established control over others through economic power and threat of military force. The advantage to an approach like this was that it was a significantly less blatant form of control. For decades, historians did not even recognize the increase of American power during this period as…

    • 1373 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Namely this work argues that the rise of the West greatly fomented through Europe’s unique military innovations developed under centuries of continuous warfare. These innovations, in turn, secured tactical advantages during the Age of Exploration that allowed Europe to open routes of global trade and colonization by way of the sword (or rather gun, in the literal sense), and to greatly dominate the new world market. Although Europe certainly underwent other seminal revolutions in thought and industry, it is both plausible and likely that these innovations would have remained fairly insular had there been no system of global trade/colonization in place. Therefore, the story of the rise of the West is one that inherently rests upon force and armed…

    • 1294 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    He highlights the historical events of world war one and two and reinforces the violent action America took in order to ‘rise to power’ and remain most powerful. These actions included the dismantling and defeat of arising hegemons which could be recognized as majestic Germany between years 1900-1918, the great japan between 1931 to 1945, twelve rising years for Nazi Germany between 1933 and 1945 and lastly the soviet union during the cold war period of 1945 to 1989 (Mearsheimer, 2006). This further portrays the idea that as Americas rise to power was not peaceful, so too will China’s be absent of peace as well. Another part of Mearsheimer’s argument was the idea that the United States will ensure that China’s attempt to establish regional hegemony will be challenged as visibly seen through America’s previous capability of ridding arising regional hegemony’s. Moreover, it can be seen through America’s actions during the old war that challenges to her power was going to aspire violence.…

    • 1375 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the prologue, he speaks to how Europeans dominated their environment and other cultures because of their technology, or how they “triumphed because of their superiority in arms, organization, and fanaticism” (Crosby 7.) Crosby ’s push for the idea that Europeans were successful imperialists because wherever they went their agriculture and animals flourished; and the environment they needed to overcome would at times prove difficult to concur but not impossible. Crosby makes a valid argument for the fact that nothing could stand in the way of the Europeans. Crosby starts by talking on Pangaea. Some people refer to this as the super continent of ancient history.…

    • 876 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Once in a while national populist utilized education to battle resilient local cultures. In numerous new nation-states, colonialism ran as an inseparable unit with country building. The triumph of new regions was a new approach to show national power. By century 's end, nation-state rivalry for provinces prompted a “land grab” that devoured the known world. In the meantime, empires made it less difficult for individuals, products, and information to move far and wide.…

    • 983 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Comparison Essay

    • 863 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Psalm 66:4 says, “All the earth bows down to you they sing praise to you, they sing the praises of your name.” Everything God has made, in heaven, on earth, and in the whole universe, glorify and reflect His Name. The beauty and the complexity of God’s creation all display His great holiness and majesty. Even humans, made in the image of God, were made to bring glory and honor to their Creator through their various God-given qualities and abilities. Throughout history, many men and women have attempted to write books and especially poems about the greatness of God.…

    • 863 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Summary Of Asia's Cauldron

    • 1293 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Encompassing 1.35 million square mile body of water, the South China Sea is becoming a cauldron in the world. The geopolitical analyst Robert D. Kaplan has formulated his book Asia’s Cauldron on this thesis. Asia's Cauldron sets some high goals for itself and mostly flourishes in presenting a holistic look at the competing economic and diplomatic interests of the nations along the South China Sea. The sea links the Indian Ocean with the western pacific being bounded by China in the north, Malaysia, Singapore, and Vietnam in the west, Taiwan and Philippines in the east, and, Indonesia in the south.…

    • 1293 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Compare and Contrast Essay Today, there are two different ways that you can write an essay. The first option is on paper. Most people utilize paper every day. You can write down phone numbers, make notes, write important notes or write an essay. But the second way you don't even have to use paper and you can still in an accelerated, organized, fashion.…

    • 757 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The title, however, should more exactly refer to “the edge of the Roman world” for this is where the North Sea sits, in many places well beyond the imperial frontier. And that is important to Pye’s thesis for he claims that it was those people who lived beyond the imperial reach who created the circumstances and the tools for what we consider modernistic. It starts with the Frisians, with a change of climate and the fall of Rome. Pliny the Younger had mentioned that there were people on the edge of the world who lived cut off from the mainland by marshes. They were sea people, he announced, and all they had in their lives was fish, so they were not…

    • 777 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    GRAMSCIAN VIEW OF HOW ORDER IS CREATED OUT OF ANARCHY View on hegemony Bestowing upon Antonio Gramsci’s prison notebooks and ideas, it is recognised that his perception of hegemony was influenced by historical reflections of his own social and political history. Gramsci, the head of the communist party, witnessed capitalists were manipulating the social classes and infrastructure of early twentieth century Italy. Doing so in favour of the bourgeoisie, without the use of coercive control. Gramsci was concerned with finding a new social order, an alternative to fascism. A social order with the basis of leadership and support.…

    • 1666 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays