used Canadian-born of European socio-ancestry as a reference point. Indeed, this subgroup represents the majority of Canadian-born citizen due to historical reasons. The researchers found that recent immigrants had a lower hazard (0.61) to give birth early (<18.5) while the opposite tendency was noted for high body mass index (≥25) with recent immigrant having the lowest hazard ratio (0.59) and Canadian-born women of continental European socio-ancestry having the largest (1.00), closely preceded by Canadian-born mothers of non-European descent (0.98) (Urquia et al., 2012, p. 1616). Following the same trend, Canadian-born women of European descent had the largest hazard ratio of alcohol consumption during pregnancy (1.00) while recent immigrants had the lowest (0.30). When it came to tobacco consumption during pregnancy, the two Canadian-born subgroups had virtually the same hazard ratio (1.00 vs. 1.02). Immigrants arrived during childhood had the third largest (0.45) while, surprisingly, long-term immigrants had the lowest …show more content…
also wanted to test the impact of immigrant mothers’ ethnicity over their perinatal health outcomes. They thus conducted the same tests with four categories: Immigrants of non-European descent, Immigrants of European descent, Canadian-born of non-European descent and Canadian-born of European descent. This new division did not account for the length of residency. For preterm birth, immigrant mothers of European descent had by far the best health outcome with a hazard ratio of 0.79, especially when contrasted with the high hazard ratio of Canadian-born mothers of non-European descent (1.56). When it came to hospitalization during pregnancy, a similar trend was observed, with immigrant from European descent having a much lower hazard ratio (0.88) than Canadian-born mothers of European descent. For this variable again, Canadian-born of non-European descent had the highest hazard ratio (1.25). The same tendency was noted for illness during pregnancy which is expected since it is very closely related to hospitalization during pregnancy as well as for low support during pregnancy. However, with regards to post-partum depression, the migrant status trumped the ethnicity. Immigrant mothers from non-European descent were more likely to experience post-natal depression (2.32) followed by immigrant mothers of European descent (1.21), Canadian-born mothers of non-European descent (1.20) and Canadian-born mothers of European descent (1.00). A similar trend was observed