3) To understand how functionalism is a form of dualism we need to look at what dualism means and what functionalism means. Functionalism is when there is only one substance but the substance has two properties to it: physical and mental. Dualism is an idea where the mind and body’s physical effects are caused by physical states. Functionalism falls under the property dualism umbrella, in property dualism there is only one substance and there are distinct properties. The same is true for functionalism it suggests that there is one substance and it has two distinct properties, the physical states and the mental states. Functionalism solves the ‘species chauvinism’ problem because from a functionalist’s point of view reactions are triggered by
