Q9.1: (a) What do Chan & Satterfield (2016) mean that cultural ES are everywhere in ES research and nowhere? (b) What do they mean when they write that cultural ES can be thought of as “capital-producing”?
(a)There is no dearth of literature on CES in fact it pervades into all ES and similar literatures (everywhere) but the characterization as such is nascent or its infancy at best(nowhere). ‘Everywhere’ denotes how CES as nature’s contribution to non-material benefits derived through human-ecosystem interactions are everywhere intertwined with regulating - provisioning services benefits while ‘nowhere’ represents how CES are missing from assessment and resulting policies.
(b)CES can yield capabilities that allow people to access other benefits including interactions with nature. In this way CES produce portion of human capital (capabilities) that is especially …show more content…
Q9.3: Jax et al. suggest that certain kinds of values have received less attention in ES research and practice to date. What are fundamental and eudaimonistic values (using your own words, and possibly examples), and what potential do you see for such values to mitigate ethical problems associated with the ES concept (including those discussed p.264-6)?
Fundamental values identify non-human natural beings as valuable for the fundamental and substantial conditions for life on earth and is the fundamental context of relation for human beings. Eg: identification of land and identity Eudaimonistic values refers to all entities and processes considered necessary for good life such as a walk in the woods, swimming in a natural pond, or climbing beautiful
(a)There is no dearth of literature on CES in fact it pervades into all ES and similar literatures (everywhere) but the characterization as such is nascent or its infancy at best(nowhere). ‘Everywhere’ denotes how CES as nature’s contribution to non-material benefits derived through human-ecosystem interactions are everywhere intertwined with regulating - provisioning services benefits while ‘nowhere’ represents how CES are missing from assessment and resulting policies.
(b)CES can yield capabilities that allow people to access other benefits including interactions with nature. In this way CES produce portion of human capital (capabilities) that is especially …show more content…
Q9.3: Jax et al. suggest that certain kinds of values have received less attention in ES research and practice to date. What are fundamental and eudaimonistic values (using your own words, and possibly examples), and what potential do you see for such values to mitigate ethical problems associated with the ES concept (including those discussed p.264-6)?
Fundamental values identify non-human natural beings as valuable for the fundamental and substantial conditions for life on earth and is the fundamental context of relation for human beings. Eg: identification of land and identity Eudaimonistic values refers to all entities and processes considered necessary for good life such as a walk in the woods, swimming in a natural pond, or climbing beautiful