2.1 Introduction
This chapter will convey various types of research which I hope will illustrate the importance of early detection of dyspraxia in children. The research that I have found to underpin my beliefs are: The causes of dyspraxia, The identification process and the implications for undiagnosed people.
2.2 The Cause/s of dyspraxia:
Historically Dyspraxia was always thought to be a clumsy kid. Dyspraxia is a hidden disability. Children with dyspraxia are often described as having 'clumsy syndrome'. ‘Put simply, dyspraxia is the inability to coordinate movements smoothly’ (Roy 2011). It can affect speech, oral movements and general motor movements. It can also affect emotional and social skills. The symptoms usually present themselves in a physical way, it is however still technically a neurological condition, a condition which involves how the brain can process information.
Dyspraxia does not however affect intellectual impairment, but does involve sensory integration dysfunction. Many experts agree that ‘Dyspraxia can be acquired at birth but is generally passed genetically through parents’ (Macintyre 2009). It is only since the early 1990s that dyspraxia or DCD (developmental coordination disorder) has become widely recognized through medical research and the World Health Organization (WHO).
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2003). In the United Kingdom, New Zealand and the United States, speech and occupational therapists and physiotherapists all agree that early intervention can help children with dyspraxia overcome these challenges and be successful participants in education and the wider society (AfasicScotland 2002). For schools, the answer appears simple: engage with alternative pedagogies so that primary and secondary schools can support ongoing intervention (Addy