Non-Muslims in a Muslim civilization are referred to as dhimmi, meaning protected person. These individuals are given a special status, less than a full citizen and greater than a non-citizen. The dhimmi are not obligated to convert to Islam, and can practice their own religion. Furthermore, the right of the dhimmi include, freedom of choice and religion, protection of their property, and ensured safe conduct. However, these rights were contingent on them paying the jizya, a special tax, along with their other taxes. Islam and the Ottoman emperors promoted religious tolerance and protected the dhimmi who paid. Despite that, certain positions in government were reserved for Muslim-born individuals only, prohibiting converts and non-Muslims
