Brown V Board of Education of Topeka
Brown V Board of Education of Topeka main issue was the segregation of public schools based solely on race and had to be equal. People, Oliver Brown, Mrs. Richard Lawton, Mrs. Sadie Emmanuel, and many more, were upset because they noticed that the white school were well funded, close to town and just all around nicer (similar to A schools now), while, the black schools were not well funded, in fact many of the books had racial slurs, and students had to use an outhouse to go to the bathroom. Eventually, people began to question this, which led to the consolidation of four cases. Although there were four separate cased, each case stated that African Americans had been denied the same education as white American …show more content…
Their main argument was the Fourteenth Amendment clause Equal Protection Clause. In addition, they stated that the plaintiffs based on the Plessy v. Ferguson case were denied relief because it stated separate facilities for race were constitutional; however, the must remain equal. Also, the courts brought in two psychologist and the psychologist found that the mental status of African American school age children were affected by the segregation in the “doll test”. On May 17, 1954, Chief Justice Earl Warren stated the unanimous decision of the court which was “…That ‘separate but equal’ facilities are inherently unequal and violate the protections of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment” (Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka). In addition, the court stated that separate facilities had a negative effect of the personal growth of African American children and it was severely detrimental to the education of children. Although, this decision was unanimous it took several years to implement this throughout the United States. Lastly, this case causes an important change for American school systems. First, it guaranteed that every American would have educational opportunities like receiving a diploma, which …show more content…
The student planned to wear the black bands throughout the holidays and fast on the sixteenth of December as well as the thirty-first. However, the principle became aware of this and created a policy stating that students were not allowed to wear a black armband and if they did they would be asked to remove it. If refusal occurs then the student would be suspended. Mary Beth Tinker and Christopher Eckhardt wore the black armbands to school and were suspended later that day. The day after this occur, December 17, John Tinker wore the armband and was suspended until January 1. The parents of the suspended students decided to sue the school for “violating the students’ rights of expression and sought an injunction to prevent the school district from disciplining the students” (Tinker v. DesMoines Independent Community School District). However, the district courts quickly dismissed the case. Later it was brought before the Supreme Court, where Justice Abe Fortas delivered an opinion of seven to two majorities. The Supreme Court stated that the students did not lose the First Amendment right to free of speech when they are on school grounds. However, to justify the suppression of speech, school official should be able to prove that it will interfere with the students’ ability to learn as well as the operations of the school. In this case, the school officials action
Brown V Board of Education of Topeka main issue was the segregation of public schools based solely on race and had to be equal. People, Oliver Brown, Mrs. Richard Lawton, Mrs. Sadie Emmanuel, and many more, were upset because they noticed that the white school were well funded, close to town and just all around nicer (similar to A schools now), while, the black schools were not well funded, in fact many of the books had racial slurs, and students had to use an outhouse to go to the bathroom. Eventually, people began to question this, which led to the consolidation of four cases. Although there were four separate cased, each case stated that African Americans had been denied the same education as white American …show more content…
Their main argument was the Fourteenth Amendment clause Equal Protection Clause. In addition, they stated that the plaintiffs based on the Plessy v. Ferguson case were denied relief because it stated separate facilities for race were constitutional; however, the must remain equal. Also, the courts brought in two psychologist and the psychologist found that the mental status of African American school age children were affected by the segregation in the “doll test”. On May 17, 1954, Chief Justice Earl Warren stated the unanimous decision of the court which was “…That ‘separate but equal’ facilities are inherently unequal and violate the protections of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment” (Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka). In addition, the court stated that separate facilities had a negative effect of the personal growth of African American children and it was severely detrimental to the education of children. Although, this decision was unanimous it took several years to implement this throughout the United States. Lastly, this case causes an important change for American school systems. First, it guaranteed that every American would have educational opportunities like receiving a diploma, which …show more content…
The student planned to wear the black bands throughout the holidays and fast on the sixteenth of December as well as the thirty-first. However, the principle became aware of this and created a policy stating that students were not allowed to wear a black armband and if they did they would be asked to remove it. If refusal occurs then the student would be suspended. Mary Beth Tinker and Christopher Eckhardt wore the black armbands to school and were suspended later that day. The day after this occur, December 17, John Tinker wore the armband and was suspended until January 1. The parents of the suspended students decided to sue the school for “violating the students’ rights of expression and sought an injunction to prevent the school district from disciplining the students” (Tinker v. DesMoines Independent Community School District). However, the district courts quickly dismissed the case. Later it was brought before the Supreme Court, where Justice Abe Fortas delivered an opinion of seven to two majorities. The Supreme Court stated that the students did not lose the First Amendment right to free of speech when they are on school grounds. However, to justify the suppression of speech, school official should be able to prove that it will interfere with the students’ ability to learn as well as the operations of the school. In this case, the school officials action