Associative Learning And Operant Conditioning

Brilliant Essays
Table of contact:
(1) Introduction
• Definition of learning
• Importance of learning
• Facts about learning
• Types of learning
(2) Introduction to the company (Adidas)
• A background of the company history and products
(3) How the company (Adidas) can get benefit from learning
• Associative learning (example)
• Cognitive learning (example)
• Trial and error learning (example)
(4) List of recommendation
(5) Conclusion
(6) Bibliography

(1) Introduction

(1) Definition of learning “learning is any relatively permanent change in behavior brought by experience or practice.”(Dr.Ahmed Abd AlAziz)

Photo number (1) source: http://www.ka-net.org.uk/faculties/communication/learning-support (2) Importance of learning
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Skinner developed Thorndike‘s idea and studied in detail how animals change their behavior through reinforcement and punishment.

(David R. Shanks (The Psychology of Associative Learning Sep, 1995))According to David R. Shanks in his book, The Psychology of Associative learning, "In an associative learning situation, the environment construct a contingent relationship between events, allowing the person to predict one from the presence of others. The predictive events will either be external signals…or the subject's own actions."

In the book, it is explained that these predictive events are continuous variables that can be related or discrete. In order to be sure that these events are actually related, there is a statistical concept called "contingency" which is a normative theory that is the best developed to prove relation between
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In 1898 Edward Thorndike test his own laws of learning, he made an experiment he put a cat in a puzzle box and he put a piece of fish outside the box to motivate the cat to escape from the puzzle box and he observe how long the cat took to escape from the puzzle box and go to the piece of the fish.
And by repeating the experiment Edward Thorndike note that the time decrease which shows that the cat learns and applies the trial and error learning because he eliminate the incorrect movements and repeat the correct movements to escape from the puzzle box and reach the piece of the fish.
From this Edward Thorndike put the “law of effect theory” he said that the movement that had a pleasant consequence is going to be repeated and the movements that had an unpleasant consequence are going to be deleted and

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