Microbiology Exam 2 Multiple Choice

Front 1

A pathogen is best described as

Back 1

Any microorganism that causes disease.

Front 2

Which of the following statements is true of bacterial plasmids?

Back 2

They are small circular DNA molecules that can self-replicate.

Front 3

Disinfecting agents naturally produced by microorganism are ____.

Back 3

Antimicrobials.

Front 4

Which of the following statements concerning development of antibiotic resistance is false?

Back 4

Resistant cells grow more efficiently and quickly than susceptible cells.

Front 5

Which of the following processes is involved in the central dogma of genetics?

Back 5

Transcription and translation.

Front 6

Microbes known as transient microbiota are ____

Back 6

Organisms that remain in the body for a short time.

Front 7

A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a _______

Back 7

Germicide

Front 8

The bacterial chromosome

Back 8

is both circular and found in a nucleoid.

Front 9

In conjugation, the donor cell is the F- cell and the recipient is the F+ cell because it has received extra genes.

Back 9

False

Front 10

Which of the following is a sign of disease?

Back 10

Fever

Front 11

Biotechnology involves the

Back 11

Use of microorganisms to make desired products, the use of animal cells to make vaccines, and the development of disease resistant crop plants.

Front 12

Which of the following is a measurement associated with the Broth-dilution test?

Back 12

Lack of turbidity.

Front 13

Chaga's disease is transmitted by a bug with moth parts that penetrate blood vessels. Which type of exposure does this represent?

Back 13

Parenteral rout.

Front 14

Which of the following is not a desired characteristic of DNA vectors used in gene cloning procedures?

Back 14

Large size

Front 15

The Etest determines which of the following?

Back 15

Susceptibility and MIC

Front 16

Which of the following statements is true of disinfectants?

Back 16

Disinfectants are used on inanimate surfaces.

Front 17

The enzyme used in PCR to synthesize multiple new strands of DNA is ______

Back 17

TaqDNA polymerase.

Front 18

Symptoms are

Back 18

Subjective characteristics that only a patient can feel.

Front 19

Which of the following is not a desirable characteristic of an ideal antimicrobial agent?

Back 19

It only arrestws growth of vegetative cells.

Front 20

Most drugs that inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall act by

Back 20

Preventing the cross-linkage of NAM subunits.

Front 21

Which of the following statements regarding vectors is false?

Back 21

Vectors are generally over 100,000 base pairs in size.

Front 22

Transformation is transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient cell

Back 22

As naked DNA in solution.

Front 23

Alcohols are used for _____

Back 23

Both antisepsis and disinfection.

Front 24

The reaction catalyzed by reverse transcriptase is ____

Back 24

mRNA > cDNA

Front 25

Which of these methods allows the fewest microorganisms to remain?

Back 25

Sterilization.

Front 26

Genetic change in bacteria can be brought about by ____

Back 26

Mutation, conjugation, transduction, and transformation.

Front 27

An antimicrobial that inhibits cell wall synthesis will result in which of the following?

Back 27

Cells become more susceptible to osmotic pressure.

Front 28

Which scientist coined the term antibiotic?

Back 28

Waksman

Front 29

The horizontal transfer process known as transduction ____

Back 29

Involves a virus

Front 30

A reservoir is a ______

Back 30

Source of microbial contamination.

Front 31

Several genes that are transcribed in the same direction and share the same promoter are called an _______

Back 31

Operon

Front 32

The fungus Pneumocystic jiroveci is found in the lungs of most people in low numbersw, but in immunocompromised people it overgrows, resulting in severe respiratory problems. The fungus is best described as

Back 32

Both resident microbiota and opportunistic pathogen.

Front 33

_______ are used for cutting DNA molecules into fragments.

Back 33

Restriction enzymes

Front 34

Which of the following statements about the zone of inhibition is false?

Back 34

The larger the zone, the more resistant the organism is.

Front 35

In which of the following do the mucous membranes serve as a portal of entry for disease?

Back 35

A pathogen is introduced into the body when the person rubs the eye with contaminated fingers and the pathogen is washed into the nasal cavity by way of tears.

Front 36

Which of the following procedures is currently the standard test used in the U.S. for evaluating the efficiency of antiseptics and disinfectants?

Back 36

The use-dilution test.

Front 37

Transgenic organisms _____

Back 37

Contain genes from other organisms.

Front 38

Which of the following statements is true of selective toxicity?

Back 38

Selective toxicity takes advantage of structural and or metabolic differences between hosts and pathogens.

Front 39

Which of the following is a non-agricultural product made by recombinant DNA techniques?

Back 39

Xenotransplantation

Front 40

Standard methods of sterilization are not effective in inactivating ____

Back 40

Prions

Front 41

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that ____

Back 41

Microorganisms cause disease.

Front 42

A human might contract a zoonoses from which of the following?

Back 42

A dog.